The existence of doubly heavy flavor baryons has not been well established experimentally so far. In this Letter we systematically investigate the weak decays of the doubly charmed baryons, $\Xi_{cc}^{++}$ and $\Xi_{cc}^{+}$, which would be helpful for experimental searches for these particles. The branching fractions are studied under the factorization hypothesis for the short-distance contributions and considering the rescattering effect for the long-distance contributions which are significantly enhanced. Comparing all the decay modes, we recommend the processes of $\Xi_{cc}^{++}\to \Lambda_c^+K^-\pi^+\pi^+$ and $\Xi_c^+\pi^+$ as the first priority for experiments to search for the doubly heavy baryons.

Discovery Potentials of Doubly Charmed Baryons

The existence of doubly heavy flavor baryons has not been well established experimentally so far. In this Letter we systematically investigate the weak decays of the doubly charmed baryons, and , which should be helpful for experimental searches for these particles. The long-distance contributions are first studied in the doubly heavy baryon decays, and found to be significantly enhanced. Comparing all the processes, and are the most favorable decay modes for experiments to search for doubly heavy baryons.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-1137/42/5/051001/pdf

Discovery potentials of doubly charmed baryons

After briefly recapitulating the history of the charm quantum number we sketch the experimental environments and instruments employed to study the behaviour of charm hadrons and then describe the theoretical tools for treating charm dynamics. We discuss a wide range of inclusive production processes before analyzing the spectroscopy of hadrons with hidden and open charm and the weak lifetimes of charm mesons and baryons. Then we address leptonic, exclusive semileptonic and nonleptonic charm decays. Finally we treat $D^0 - \bar D^0$ oscillations and CP (and CPT) violation before concluding with some comments on charm and the quark-gluon plasma. We will make the case that future studies of charm dynamics -- in particular of CP violation -- can reveal the presence of New Physics. The experimental sensitivity has only recently reached a level where this could reasonably happen, yet only as the result of dedicated efforts. 
This review is meant to be both a pedagogical introduction for the young scholar and a useful reference for the experienced researcher. We aim for a self-contained description of the fundamental features while providing a guide through the literature for more technical issues.

A Cicerone for the Physics of Charm

The process pp → W −
 c produces polarized charm quarks. The polarization is expected to be partly retained in Λ
 c
 baryons when those form in the c-quark hadronization. We argue that it will likely be possible for ATLAS and CMS to measure the Λ
 c
 polarization in the W +c samples in Run 2 of the LHC. This can become the first measurement ever of a longitudinal polarization of charm quarks. Its results will provide a unique input to the understanding of polarization transfer in fragmentation. They will also allow applying the same measurement technique to other (e.g., new physics) samples of charm quarks in which the polarization is a priori unknown. The proposed analysis is similar to the ATLAS and CMS measurements of the W +c cross section in the 7 TeV run that used reconstructed D-meson decays for charm tagging.

/pdf/measuring-c-quark-polarization-in-w-c-samples-at-atlas-and-2lz1yqg1k6.pdf

Measuring c-quark polarization in W +c samples at ATLAS and CMS

We study the ratio of fragmentation fractions, $f_{\Xi_b}/f_{\Lambda_b}$, from the measurement of $\Xi_b^0\to \Xi_c^+\pi^-$ and $\Lambda_b^0\to \Lambda_c^+\pi^-$ with $\Xi_{c}^{+}/\Lambda_{c}^{+}\to p K^-\pi^+$. With the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(\Xi_c^+\to pK^-\pi^+)=(2.2\pm0.8)\%$ obtained under the U-spin symmetry, the fragmentation ratio is determined as $f_{\Xi_b}/f_{\Lambda_b}$=$0.054\pm0.020$. To reduce the above uncertainties, we suggest to measure the branching fractions of $\Xi_c^+\to p \overline K^{*0}$ and $\Lambda_c^+\to \Sigma^+ K^{*0}$ at BESIII, Belle(II) and LHCb.

/pdf/fragmentation-fraction-ratio-f-xi-b-f-lambda-b-in-b-and-c-5ehuedvhwn.pdf

Fragmentation-fraction ratio $f_{\Xi_b}/f_{\Lambda_b}$ in $b$- and $c$-baryon decays

Measurement of the relative branching ratio BR(Ξc+→p+K−π+)/BR(Ξc+→Ξ−π+π+)

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Measurement of the relative branching ratio BR(Ξc+→p+K−π+)/BR(Ξc+→Ξ−π+π+)