We report on properties of an optical microcavity based on (Cd,Zn,Mg)Te layers and embedding (Cd,Zn)Te quantum wells. The key point of the structure design is the lattice matching of the whole structure to MgTe, which eliminates the internal strain and allows one to embed an arbitrary number of unstrained quantum wells in the microcavity. We evidence the strong light-matter coupling regime already for the structure containing a single quantum well. Embedding four unstrained quantum wells results in further enhancement of the exciton-photon coupling and the polariton lasing in the strong coupling regime.

Strong coupling and polariton lasing in Te based microcavities embedding (Cd,Zn)Te quantum wells

Opaque substrates precluded, so far, transmission studies of II-VI semiconductor microcavities. This work presents the design and molecular beam epitaxy growth of semimagnetic (Cd,Zn,Mn)Te quantum wells embedded into a (Cd,Zn,Mg)Te-based microcavity, which can be easily separated from the GaAs substrate. Our lift-off process relies on the use of a MgTe sacrificial layer which stratifies in contact with water. This allowed us to achieve a II-VI microcavity prepared for transmission measurements. We evidence the strong light-matter coupling regime using photoluminescence, reflectivity, and transmission measurements at the same spot on the sample. By comparing a series of reflectance spectra before and after lift-off, we prove that the microcavity quality remains high. Thanks to Mn content in quantum wells we show the giant Zeeman splitting of semimagnetic exciton-polaritons in our transmitting structure.

(Cd,Zn,Mg)Te-based microcavity on MgTe sacrificial buffer: Growth, lift-off, and transmission studies of polaritons

We observe natural exceptional points in the excitation spectrum of an exciton-polariton system by optically tuning the light-matter interactions. The observed exceptional points do not require any spatial or polarization degrees of freedom and result solely from the transition from weak to strong light-matter coupling. We demonstrate that they do not coincide with the threshold for photon lasing, confirming previous theoretical predictions [Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 185301 (2019), Optica 7, 1015 (2020) ]. Using a technique where a strong coherent laser pump induces up-converted excitations, we encircle the exceptional point in the parameter space of coupling strength and particle momentum. Our method of local optical control of light-matter coupling paves the way to investigation of fundamental phenomena including dissipative phase transitions and non-Hermitian topological states.

Natural exceptional points in the excitation spectrum of a light-matter system

In recent years, various lift-off methods have been developed to fabricate lightweight and flexible cadmium telluride (CdTe)-based solar cells. In this work, we report flexible cadmium sulfide (CdS)/CdTe solar cells using a water-assisted lift-off approach. We demonstrate that an additional cadmium chloride treatment for the CdS film is critical to improve the grain size of CdS and the post-deposited CdTe film and the electron conductivity of the CdS film. As a result, the quality of the CdS/CdTe front junction is significantly improved with reduced nonradiative recombination. Finally, our lightweight and flexible polycrystalline CdTe solar cells demonstrate a champion power conversion efficiency of 12.6%. 

Water-Assisted Lift-Off Process for Flexible CdTe Solar Cells

This paper reports an epitaxial lift-off (ELO) method that uses water-soluble MgTe to obtain free-standing single-crystal CdTe/MgCdTe double-heterostructure (DH) thin films from samples grown monolithically on lattice-matched InSb substrates. Photoluminescence measurements on as-grown and free-standing films reveal that the optical quality of the DH survives ELO. This method potentially enables substantial increases in the conversion efficiencies of thin-film solar cells through enhancement of the photon-recycling effect. This process holds promise in multijunction PV applications that considers the integration of a 1.7-eV MgCdTe top cell and a crystalline Si bottom cell to form a tandem device with efficiency potentially higher than 30%. Additionally, the method can be applied to other families of devices, such as infrared photodetectors.

Epitaxial Lift Off of II-VI Thin Films Using Water-Soluble MgTe

Exfoliation of epilayers with quantum dots

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(Cd,Zn,Mg)Te-based microcavity on MgTe sacrificial buffer: Growth, lift-off, and transmission studies of polaritons

Exfoliation of epilayers with quantum dots