Dr. Henry, as director of a large laboratory specializing in clinical chemistry, is in a unique position for acquiring a personal familiarity with a wide variety of chemical methods. Surveying the literature of clinical chemistry, evaluating hundreds of published methods, and selecting that small fraction of material which can be included in a book certainly constitute an impressive task. Not since publication of Peters and Van Slyke's classic Quantitative Clinical Chemistry has anyone been courageous enough to undertake this project, and Dr. Henry has succeeded remarkably well. The first chapters of the book cover basic principles of analytical methods such as colorimetry, spectrophotometry, and flame photometry. The remaining chapters deal with analytical methods for specific substances, and for each substance one or two methods are given in sufficient detail to permit use of the book as a laboratory manual. No attempt is made to include methods such as gas chromatography

Clinical Chemistry: Principles and Technics

Multidisciplinary haematology as prognostic device in environmental and xenobiotic stress-induced response in fish

[Extract] Mangroves are a type of tropical forest, uniquely positioned at the dynamic interface of land and sea. They are found along coasts and estuaries throughout the tropics and subtropics and are capable of thriving in salt water; prospering in conditions to which only a few species have adapted. Mangroves form the foundation of a highly productive and biologically rich ecosystem which provides a home and feeding ground for a wide range of species, many of which are endangered. Although mangroves make up less than one percent of all tropical forests worldwide, they are highly valuable ecosystems, providing an array of essential goods and services which contribute significantly to the livelihoods, well-being and security of coastal communities. The complex network of mangrove roots can help reduce wave energy, limiting erosion and shielding coastal communities from the destructive forces of tropical storms. Mangrove ecosystems are often an essential source of seafood for both subsistence consumption and the local and national seafood trade, in addition to providing other materials such as firewood and timber, which support the livelihoods of thousands of coastal communities. Beyond their direct benefits, mangroves also play an important role in global climate regulation. On average, they store around 1,000 tonnes of carbon per hectare in their biomass and underlying soil, making them some of the most carbon-rich ecosystems on the planet. Despite its value, the mangrove ecosystem is one of the most threatened on the planet. Mangroves are being destroyed at rates 3-5 times greater than average rates of forest loss and over a quarter of the original mangrove cover has already disappeared; driven by land conversion for aquaculture and agriculture, coastal development, pollution and overexploitation of mangrove resources. As mangroves become smaller and more fragmented, important ecosystem goods and services will be diminished or lost. The consequences of further mangrove degradation will be particularly severe for the well-being of coastal communities in developing countries, especially where people rely heavily on mangrove goods and services for their daily subsistence and livelihoods. However, the future of mangroves does not have to be bleak. Increasing recognition of the importance of mangrove ecosystems for both biodiversity and human well-being is driving efforts around the world to conserve, better manage and restore these ecosystems. Many of these have been successful at a local scale, often supported by national policies that recognise the significant long-term benefits of mangroves over short-term financial gains. Mangroves need to be understood for the valuable socio-economic and ecological resource they are, and conserved and managed sustainably. This will take a commitment by governments to make policy decisions and enforce existing protection measures to curb the widespread losses from human activities. This global synthesis document serves as a call to action to decision makers and highlights the unique range of values of mangroves to people around the world. It aims to provide a science-based synthesis of the different types of goods and services provided by mangroves and the associated risks in losing these services in the face of ongoing global habitat loss and degradation. The document provides management and policy options at the local, regional and global level with the aim of preventing further losses through effective conservation measures, sustainable management and successful restoration of previously damaged mangrove areas. Our hope is that this call to action will generate renewed interest in mangroves for policy-makers, helping to safeguard a future for these essential yet undervalued ecosystems.

The importance of mangroves to people: a call to action

Mangroves are of great ecological importance and socio-economic significance as a hub for tropical marine biotope. The mangroves are also one of the world’s richest storehouses of biological and genetic diversity. Furthermore, 90 % of the marine organisms spend part of their life in this ecosystem and 80 % of the global fish catches are dependent on mangroves. In addition, mangroves and their associated biota are identified as a promising source of natural and novel drugs. On the other hand, scientific community finds such an ecosystem as one among the world’s most threatened biome due to human intervention in the long past and on-going climate change. Already many countries lost their huge mangrove wealth within the last two decades. Further, decline of the mangrove cover may cause an irreparable damage of ecosystem service to mankind. Now it is high time to conserve the precious ecosystem in order to maintain a stable and healthy coastal environment.

/pdf/mangrove-conservation-a-global-perspective-5f881v2vnd.pdf

Mangrove conservation: a global perspective

The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of the oral administration of Gum Arabic on haematological and some oxidative stress markers in Mugil cephalus. For this purpose 60 mullet caught in Faro Lake (Italy), were acclimatized and fed with commercial diet for 20 days prior to the start of experiment, which lasted 15 days. After acclimatization, fish were randomly divided into two equal groups: control group was fed with commercial pellets. Haematological profile on whole blood and sera was assessed, reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs), antioxidant barrier (OXY-ads) and thiol-antioxidant barrier (SHp) were immediately assessed by means of a UV spectrophotometer. Two-way repeated data analysis (ANOVA) showed significant changes only on Thrombocyte Count (TC). In the experimental group an increase in OXY-ads and SHp levels and a significant decrease of d-ROMs were observed after administration of GA.

https://www.jifro.ir/article-1-1821-en.pdf

Oral administration of Gum Arabic: effects on haematological parameters and oxidative stress markers in Mugil cephalus

Haematological parameters have been recognized as valuable tools for monitoring fish health. Haematological and serum biochemical parameters were studied and compared different feeding behaviour of teleost fishes. Three marine teleost fishes, Lates calcarifer (carnivores), Mugil cephalus (omnivores) and Chanos chanos (herbivores), were carried out in order to find out a normal range of blood parameters which would serve as baseline data for assessment of the health status of the fish as well as reference point for future comparative surveys. Blood parameters such as red blood cell count (RBC) and white blood cells count (WBC), haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell volume (MCV), mean cell haemoglobin, glucose, protein, cholesterol and urea were estimated from teleost fishes of different trophic level. Statistical analysis revealed that differences in haematological parameters between marine fish were significant (P < 0.01). The result revealed that haematological RBC/WBC ratio, MCV and MCHC were significantly correlated at P < 0.05 level. The RBC/WBC level increased due to the decrease in WBC during the study. Blood serum biochemical parameters can be used for confirming the maturity and monitoring any changes in the quality of waters and related soils.

/pdf/haematology-and-biochemical-parameters-of-different-feeding-8tpkde0cga.pdf

Haematology and biochemical parameters of different feeding behaviour of teleost fishes from Vellar estuary, India

The focus of the study is to explore the recent trend of the world tuna fishery with special reference to the Indian Ocean tuna fisheries and its conservation and sustainable management. In the Indian Ocean, tuna catches have increased rapidly from about 179959 t in 1980 to about 832246 t in 1995. They have continued to increase up to 2005; the catch that year was 1201465 t, forming about 26% of the world catch. Since 2006 onwards there has been a decline in the volume of catches and in 2008 the catch was only 913625 t. The Principal species caught in the Indian Ocean are skipjack and yellowfin. Western Indian Ocean contributed 78.2% and eastern Indian Ocean 21.8% of the total tuna production from the Indian Ocean. The Indian Ocean stock is currently overfished and IOTC has made some recommendations for management regulations aimed at sustaining the tuna stock. Fishing operations can cause ecological impacts of different types: by catches, damage of the habitat, mortalities caused by lost or discarded gear, pollution, generation of marine debris, etc. Periodic reassessment of the tuna potential is also required with adequate inputs from exploratory surveys as well as commercial landings and this may prevent any unsustainable trends in the development of the tuna fishing industry in the Indian Ocean.

/pdf/biology-fishery-conservation-and-management-of-indian-ocean-1cad65s62c.pdf

Biology, fishery, conservation and management of Indian Ocean tuna fisheries

Among the various animal groups represented in the macrobenthic fauna of Minicoy lagoon studied, mollusks were the dominant group. Molluscan fauna were investigated from six selected stations in the sea grass beds and mangroves of the Minicoy lagoon, Lakshadweep during 1999-2001. A total of 70 species of mollusk (52 gastropods, 12 bivalves) and an additionally 7 soft mollusks are reported in the present study. The total density of molluscan fauna varied from 137-604 (no. 0.25m ), while the highest biomass was obtained 2 during postmonsoon season at southern seagrass bed and the least was observed during premonsoon season at northern seagrass bed. Among these Gafrarium divarticatum, Terebralia palustris are found the most dominant species of Minicoy Island, India.

/pdf/a-checklist-and-spatial-distribution-of-molluscan-fauna-in-3d2mt36cuq.pdf

A Checklist and Spatial Distribution of Molluscan Fauna in Minicoy Island, Lakshadweep, India

Indian mangroves have a rich diversity
of soil-dwelling organisms which include
micro, meio and macro forms. Mangrove
ecosystem provides an ideal nursery and
breeding ground for most of the marine
and brackish water fish and shellfish.
India has only 2.66% of the world’s mangroves1,
covering an estimated area of
4827 sq. km. The present study area lies
within the margins of lat. 11°90′107″–
11°90′703″N and long. 79°80′547″–
79°81′851″E. Mangrove exists as fringing
vegetation over 168 ha distributed
along the sides of Ariankuppam estuary,
which empties into the Bay of Bengal
(Coromandal coast) at Veerampatinam
on the southeastern coast of India

Puducherry mangroves under sewage pollution threat needconservation

Mangroves are salt-tolerant plants of tropical and subtropical intertidal regions of 
the world. The specific regions where these 
plants occur are called mangrove ecosystems. They are breeding, feeding and 
nursery grounds for many estuarine 
and marine organisms, including finfish 
and shell fish. India has only 2.66% of 
the world’s mangroves, covering an estimated area of 4,827 sq. km

Conservation of mangrove forest covers in Kochi coast

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