. Invasive predators are one of the causes of population declines of anurans around the world. The American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) stands out among these predators. Based on field observations and stomach content analysis, predation on native anurans by invasive Bullfrogs was investigated in two localities of Southeastern Brazil. The spatial variation in predation and similarity in microhabitat use by native species and Bullfrogs were also determined. Anurans of the families Bufonidae, Hylidae, Leiuperidae and Microhylidae were found among Bullfrog prey. The species preyed upon had medium to high similarity with Bullfrogs regarding microhabitat use. Anurans had high relative importance in the diet of adult Bullfrogs from the site where natural vegetation is preserved. Thus, the possible negative impact of predation by Bullfrogs can be more significant on anuran species which use microhabitats similar to those used by the invasive frogs. This impact may also be higher in preserved sites...

https://bioone.org/journals/South-American-Journal-of-Herpetology/volume-6/issue-1/057.006.0101/Predation-of-Native-Anurans-by-Invasive-Bullfrogs-in-Southeastern-Brazil/10.2994/057.006.0101.pdf

Predation of Native Anurans by Invasive Bullfrogs in Southeastern Brazil: Spatial Variation and Effect of Microhabitat use by Prey

Reserva Biologica de Duas Bocas (2,910 ha) is one of the largest Atlantic forest remnants in the State of Espirito Santo, Southeastern Brazil. We recorded non-volant tetrapods in this area from May 2007 through April 2008, using pitfalls, live traps, camera traps, and diurnal and nocturnal opportunistic searches. In addition, we compiled available museum and literature records from this area. We documented 52 species of amphibians, 24 species of non-avian reptiles, and 39 species of non-volant mammals. Out of these 115 species, 47 are new records for this area and six other species had their geographic ranges expanded with the present study. Furthermore, we present the record of predation of the tree frog Hypsiboas faber by the snake Chironius bicarinatus. Out of the species listed, five species are listed as threatened with extinction in the State of Espirito Santo, and many others have uncertain conservation status. Reserva Biologica de Duas Bocas is an important wildlife refuge, especially considering the expansion of urban areas in its surroundings.

Non-volant tetrapods from Reserva Biológica de Duas Bocas, State of Espírito Santo, Southeastern Brazil

We report here an observation of predation of the giant spider Ancylometes rufus on the tree frog Dendropsophus melanargyreus in a southern region of Amazonia Forest. We also reviewed the available literature on predation of this spider species on vertebrates.

/pdf/observation-of-predation-of-the-giant-fishing-spider-1poc2pt8mn.pdf

Observation of predation of the giant fishing spider Ancylometes rufus (Walckenaer, 1837) (Araneae, Ctenidae) on Dendropsophus melanargyreus Cope, 1877 (Anura, Hylidae)

Field data and worldwide literature review reveal that alien crayfish mitigate the predation impact of the American bullfrog on native amphibians

A predation event on Tropidurus hispidus (Tropiduridae) by the crab spider Lasiodora klugi (Theraphosidae) was observed in an arboreal caatinga area in northeastern Brazil. Arthropods are potential predators of small vertebrates and researchers have reported predation events involving spiders and herpetofauna in Neotropical regions. As such, the present short communication is the second case of predation of spiders on Tropidurus lizards in Brazil, and the first for the semiarid caatinga, reinforcing the argument that large spiders have relevant roles as predators of these animals.

/pdf/predation-on-tropidurus-hispidus-squamata-tropiduridae-by-xuoangwok1.pdf

Predation on Tropidurus hispidus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) by Lasiodora klugi (Aranea: Theraphosidae) in the semiarid caatinga region of northeastern Brazil

/pdf/predation-notes-in-an-anuran-amphibians-assemblage-from-13896eghgk.pdf

Predation notes in an anuran amphibians assemblage from southeastern Brazil

Background
The endonasal endoscopic approach (EEA) has potential advantages over traditional open approaches. However, complications such as cerebrospinal fluid (CFS) leak, visual disturbances, and postoperative meningitis have been described. The aim was to present the experience accumulated in 120 cases of skull base EEA performed by the same surgical team and describe and analyze the main postoperative complications according to the complexity of the cases.


Methods
Retrospective study on our database of patients undergoing skull base EEA for various pathologies between July 2011 and March 2022.


Results
120 skull base EEA surgeries were analyzed. 57.14% were performed on women. The median age was 44 years. 26.66% were reinterventions. The most frequent pathology was pituitary adenoma (49.17%) followed by CSF leak (8.33%). The most used EEA was the transelar 65.83%. 26 complications were recorded, with no differences according to complexity. There were 13 cases of diabetes insipidus (DI) and 8 of CSF leak. This was more frequent in patients with intraoperative CSF leak. The median hospital stay was 5.5 days.


Conclusion
Skull base EEA has become increasingly common for the surgical management of skull base pathology, with a low frequency of immediate postoperative complications and low mortality. The improvement of the technique and the improvement in postoperative care are associated with a shorter hospital stay.

[Transnasal endoscopic skull base surgery: analysis of complications in the first 120 procedures].

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Predation notes in an anuran amphibians assemblage from southeastern Brazil

[Transnasal endoscopic skull base surgery: analysis of complications in the first 120 procedures].