Lactose-free milk and milk substitutes based on soy, oat, or rice are widely marketed to lactose-intolerant consumers. In this study, 400 MHz 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used in the context of food surveillance to validate the “lactose-free” claims labeled on these beverages. Using soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) analysis, a qualitative classification according to the type of beverage (lactose-containing milk, lactose-free milk, oat, soy, and rice milk substitutes) was possible. Furthermore, quantitative data regarding nutrition labeling parameters were predicted from the same spectra using partial least squares (PLS) regression. The models obtained for carbohydrate, sugars, protein, fat, saturates, and energy (R
 2 = 0.89–0.97) were suitable for a screening analysis. Using nicotinamide as an internal standard, quantitative determination of lactose with a detection limit of 0.03 g.L–1 was also possible using direct integration of the signals (linear range, 0.05–50.0 g.L−1, R > 0.999). The relative standard deviations for the lactose-free milks were below 10%. NMR spectroscopy was judged to be suitable for the rapid routine analysis of milk and milk substitutes.

/pdf/nmr-spectroscopy-as-a-screening-tool-to-validate-nutrition-1qr4ri23t0.pdf

NMR spectroscopy as a screening tool to validate nutrition labeling of milk, lactose-free milk, and milk substitutes based on soy and grains

The concept of OW (with 632.8 nm He–Ne laser), combined with colorimetry based on a reaction of anthrone-sulphuric acid, was proposed as a new tool for determination of lactose in raw milk. Data obtained from various milk samples by OW colorimetry were compared to those acquired from the MilkoScan analyser; the correlation between the two methods is high.

Determination of Lactose in Raw Milks by Means of the Combined He-Ne Laser Optothermal Window (ow) Colorimetry

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Determination of Lactose in Raw Milks by Means of the Combined He-Ne Laser Optothermal Window (ow) Colorimetry