In this study, records of cases admitted to the Small Animal Clinic (SAC), Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) at Assiut University, between years 2007-2011 for investigation of signs of otitis were reviewed and data analyzed. Points of analysis comprised presenting clinical signs, results of otoscopic examination, identification of cause of otitis and outcome of treatment of each cat. Treatments used for these cases were either ivermectin injection or topical treatment with antimicrobial/anti-inflammatory ear drops as well as a ceruminolytic agent for cleansing the ear to increase effectiveness of medications used. Total number of cases with signs of otitis was 76 cats. Otitis cases comprised 19.8% of the total cases presented at the SAC in the study period. The most common presenting signs were head shaking, itching and ear wax in 67.11% of cases. 21.05% of cases were presented with severe inflammation, pain and alopecia around the ear pinna. A small number of cats were presented with signs of alopecia around the ear pinna and concomitant ring worm (3.95%). The remaining 7.89% were presented with very mild ear scratching in one or two ears. Sex was not a confounding factor as both males and females were equally represented among cases (51% males: 49% females). Turkish Angora and Persian cat breeds were over-represented (39.5% and 35.5% respectively). 68 cats were treated with ivermectin injections (1-4 injections) and ten cats were treated with topical antibacterial and anti-inflammatory.  67.11% of treated cases completely recovered and 32.89% of treated cases were not brought back for follow-up visits and therefore information regarding full recovery was not available. When evaluating a patient with otitis externa, it is important to determine the primary cause as well as the predisposing and perpetuating factors of the otitis so as to manage the otitis properly. The first diagnostic procedure that should be performed on a patient with a complaint of otitis externa is an otoscopic examination.

https://avmj.journals.ekb.eg/article_171497_363ed1f837c91eaab5c4719f7578ae00.pdf

Otitis externa and otitis media in cats in assiut: a retrospective study of presenting signs, causes, diagnosis and treatment

Este estudo objetivou relacionar casos de otite externa canina ceruminosa e
purulenta com a idade e raca do cao, evolucao clinica, conformacao da orelha,
achados clinicos e microbiologicos; avaliar o efeito da terapia topica associada a
ceruminoliticos em orelhas com otite externa ceruminosa e, avaliar o efeito da
lavagem do canal auditivo em orelhas com otite externa purulenta. As orelhas foram
avaliadas pelo tipo de secrecao em otite ceruminosa (OC) ou otite purulenta (OP).
Para o tratamento da otite externa ceruminosa 40 orelhas foram divididas nos
grupos A e B, sendo o grupo A tratado com ceruminolitico e solucao otologica e, o
grupo B somente com solucao otologica. Para o tratamento da otite purulenta 36
orelhas foram divididas nos grupos A1 e B1. Ambos os grupos foram tratados com
solucao topica e antibacteriano sistemico, no grupo A1 foi realizada uma unica
lavagem auditiva no dia 0. As orelhas foram avaliadas clinicamente (0,15,30,45 dias)
e aquelas com ausencia de prurido, de cerumen/exsudato na concha acustica e de
eritema na otoscopia receberam alta clinica. Nos tres estudos foram colhidas
amostras para avaliacao microbiologica. Casos de OC em relacao a OP foram mais
frequentes, respectivamente em caes da raca poodle e da raca fila brasileiro, em
orelhas pendulares e a evolucao das OP foi cronica. A media de idade nas OC foi
3,3 anos e nas OP 4,4 anos. As OC se caracterizaram por eritema da concha
acustica e quantidade variavel de cerumen, e as OP por balancar da cabeca, odor
fetido, exsudato na concha acustica, otalgia, ulceras, estenose e quantidade
moderada e intensa de exsudato. Na citologia nas OC houve predominio de cocos
Gram+ e leveduras e nas OP bacilos Gram- e cocos Gram+. Nas OC, os principais
isolados foram de Malassezia pachydermatis e Staphylococcus intermedius e nas
OP Proteus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa e S. intermedius. Amoxicilina com acido
clavulânico nas OC e tobramicina nas OP foram os antibacterianos mais eficazes.
Na avaliacao do tratamento das OC aos 45 dias houve alta clinica em 14 orelhas do
grupo A e 10 do grupo B, porem nao foram observadas diferencas estatisticas entre
tratamentos em todas as avaliacoes. Na primeira coleta foram isolados
principalmente M. pachydermatis e S. intermedius, aos 30 dias nenhuma amostra
apresentava crescimento bacteriano. No tratamento das OP em ambos os grupos os
sinais clinicos estavam reduzidos aos 45 dias, com alta clinica de 13 orelhas do
grupo A1 e em 12 do grupo B1. Foram mais isolados bacilos Gram- e cocos Gram+,
que diminuiram em ambos tratamentos. Gentamicina foi o antibacteriano com maior eficacia nos dois estudos. Conclui-se que nas condicoes estudadas houve diferenca
quanto a idade, raca, evolucao clinica, achados clinicos, citologia, isolamento e
sensibilidade a antibacterianos entre as otites ceruminosas e purulentas; o uso de
ceruminolitico e a lavagem do canal auditivo no dia 0, respectivamente nas OC e OP
nao demonstraram diferenca na reducao dos sinais clinicos, no isolamento
bacteriano e fungico e na alta clinica.

http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br:8080/bitstream/123456789/2538/1/dissertacao_eduardo_negri.pdf

Avaliação e tratamento da otite externa canina

Neomycin sulfate and hydrocortisone ear drops of veterinary pharmaceuticals used as an antibiotic and ant inflammatory to treat infections caused by bacterial infections in the middle ear of large and small field animals caused by gram positive and negative bacteria like, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Homophiles influenza, Klebsiella–Enterobacter species, Neisseria species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The action of mechanism neomycin sulfate is inhibition of protein synthesis in bacteria cell which is lead to kill the bacteria and the action of hydrocortisone is ant inflammation in the infected area in animals. In order for this preparation to be researched and applied, several primary pharmaceutical preparations were prepared until the final and stable structure was reached. The amount of the active substance at room temperature was 100%. This activity is good and within the permissible limits According to the veterinary constitutions [90-110].This process involved several stages of collecting information in the materials involved in the formulation and from effective and added materials And then the preparation of the composition according to the international pharmaceutical specifications using the constitutions of the drug followed by the study of stability and resistance to the product temperature room and then send samples for field examination Department of Veterinary, was used in the treatment of cases of bacterial infections of the middle ear infections in cats use 3 or 4 drops in the affected ear three or four times for 3-5 days and results came very good according the clinical evaluation.

Formulation of Neomycin Sulphate 0.35 %(w/v) & Hydrocortisone 0.5% Otic Drop

Summary Thirty cats presenting with an otitis externa were treated by the application of a topical ear remedy. The first group received a compound made up of an antibiotic, an antifungal and a strong-action corticoid, dexamethasone, once daily for a week (Group A – Aurizon ® ). The second group received a topical remedy based on an antibiotic, an antifungal and a weak-action corticoid, prednisolone, twice daily for one week (Group B – Surolan ® ). The animals were assigned a clinical and pruritus score and cytological score, at the start of treatment and on Days 3 and 7. An improvement was observed in all the animals. Statistical comparison of the criteria for efficacy between the two groups showed no significant difference relative to quantity of cerumen, auditopodal reflex and pruritus. A significant difference was noted in respect of erythema, favouring treatment A ( p Malassezia . A significant difference was found in the number of cocci, favouring treatment A ( p

Comparison of two topical remedies in treating otitis externa in cats: A randomized blinded trial

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Comparison of two topical remedies in treating otitis externa in cats: A randomized blinded trial