Abstract Layered van-der-Waals materials with hexagonal symmetry offer an extra degree of freedom to their electrons, the so-called valley index or valley pseudospin, which behaves conceptually like the electron spin. Here, we present investigations of excitonic transitions in mono- and multilayer WSe 2 and MoSe 2 materials by time-resolved Faraday ellipticity (TRFE) with in-plane magnetic fields, B ∥ , of up to 9 T. In monolayer samples, the measured TRFE time traces are almost independent of B ∥ , which confirms a close to zero in-plane exciton g factor g ∥ , consistent with first-principles calculations. In contrast, we observe pronounced temporal oscillations in multilayer samples for B ∥ &gt; 0. Our first-principles calculations confirm the presence of a non-zero g ∥ for the multilayer samples. We propose that the oscillatory TRFE signal in the multilayer samples is caused by pseudospin quantum beats of excitons, which is a manifestation of spin- and pseudospin layer locking in the multilayer samples. 

/pdf/ultrafast-pseudospin-quantum-beats-in-multilayer-wse2-and-3tc7mln5.pdf

Ultrafast pseudospin quantum beats in multilayer WSe2 and MoSe2

The optical properties of two-dimensional materials can be effectively tuned by strain induced from a deformable substrate. In the present work we combine first-principles calculations based on density functional theory and the effective Bethe-Salpeter equation with high-pressure optical measurements in order to thoroughly describe the effect of strain and dielectric environment onto the electronic band structure and optical properties of a few-layered transition-metal dichalcogenide. Our results show that WS2 remains fully adhered to the substrate at least up to a 0.6% in-plane compressive strain for a wide range of substrate materials. We provide a useful model to describe effect of strain on the optical properties on general strain conditions. Within this model, exceptionally large compressive uniaxial and biaxial in-plane gauge factors were obtained, which confirm transition metal dichalcogenides as very promising candidates for flexible functionalities. Finally, we discuss the pressure evolution of an optical transition closely-lying to the A exciton for bulk WS2 as well as the direct-to-indirect transition of the monolayer upon compression.

Strong substrate effects in multilayered WS2 revealed by high-pressure optical measurements

As in aqueous solutions, potassium hydrogen phthalate solution (0.05 M) may be used as a suitable buffer in mixed solvents also, provided the first and second dissociation constants of phthalic acid in mixed solvents are known. The first dissociation constants have been determined using solubility and conductometric measurements and the second ones have been determined pH-metrically. The quantitative measure of the ion-solvent or solute-solvent interactions have been obtained from the values of Gibbs energy of transfer of phthalic acid, biphthalate ion and phthalate ion by coupling solubility values of HzPh and the dissociation constant values using appropriate relations . .iGf(HPhl and . .iGf(Ph- 2) have been found to be increasingly unfavourable in going from water to non-aqueous solvents. The A 0 values of HzPh and KHPh also decrease continuously in going from water to mixed solvents.

Studies on the Dissociation Constants of Phthalic Acid in Aquo-ethanolic Mixtures

lonophorctic tcchni<IUC has been used for the study of Fc 111 /Zn 11 -adipatc binary and Fc 111 /Zn 11 -adipate-NTA (nitrilo tri acetic acid) ternary complexes. The stability constants of metal adipatc binary complexes are found to be I0- 1-62 and 10 2 - 0 ~ and the stability constants of metal adipate-NTA ternary complexes have been found to be 10 6-67 and 105- 9 5 for Fe 111 and Zn 11 complexes respectively at 11 = 0.1 M (NaCIO~) and 25".

A novel ionophoretic technique for the study of binary and ternary n1etal complexes

Systematic studies on the anion-exchange behaviour of Bi(III) in maleic acid and succinic acid solutioos on AmberUte IRA-401 are carried out. Sulphuric. nitric and perchlorie acids at dift'erent concentrations were tried as eluants in the two systems. Their efficiency being evaluated in terms of distribution coefficients. Methods have been developed for the separation of Bi(III) from several elements in maleate as well as in succinate media with the technique of selective sorption or selective elution. Methods are applied to the analysis of Wood's metal. Separations are also worked out with Uquid anion-exchanger, Amberllte LA-I in xylene.

Separation of Bi(III) by Anion-Exchange Chromatography in Maleate and Succinate Solutions t

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Strong substrate effects in multilayered WS2 revealed by high-pressure optical measurements

Studies on the Dissociation Constants of Phthalic Acid in Aquo-ethanolic Mixtures

A novel ionophoretic technique for the study of binary and ternary n1etal complexes

Separation of Bi(III) by Anion-Exchange Chromatography in Maleate and Succinate Solutions t