The worldwide increase in human population raises a big threat to the food security of each people as the land for agriculture is limited and even getting reduced with time. Therefore, it is essential that agricultural productivity should be enhanced significantly within the next few decades to meet the large demand of food by emerging population. Not to mention, too much dependence on chemical fertilizers for more crop productions inevitably damages both environmental ecology and human health with great severity. Exploitation of microbes as biofertilizers is considered to some extent an alternative to chemical fertilizers in agricultural sector due to their extensive potentiality in enhancing crop production and food safety. It has been observed that some microorganisms including plant growth promoting bacteria, fungi, Cyanobacteria, etc. have showed biofertilizer-like activities in the agricultural sector. Extensive works on biofertilizers have revealed their capability of providing required nutrients to the crop in sufficient amounts that resulted in the enhancement of crop yield. The present review elucidates various mechanisms that have been exerted by biofertilizers in order to promote plant growth and also provides protection against different plant pathogens. The aim of this review is to discuss the important roles and applications of biofertilizers in different sectors including agriculture, bioremediation, and ecology.

Biofertilizers: a potential approach for sustainable agriculture development

Biofertilizers consists of the microorganisms bringing about the improvement of the nutrients of the soil enhancing their accessibility to the crops. Plant nutrients form the most vital components of the sustainable agriculture. Producing healthy crops for the fulfillment of the demands of the world's growing population is completely dependent upon kind of the fertilizers being used to provide the plants with all the major nutrients but more dependability on the chemical fertilizers is destroying the environmental ecology and negatively influencing the health of humans. Thus, using microbes as bioinoculants is believed to be the best substitute of chemical fertilizers as eco-friendly manner for plant growth and soil fertility. These microbes are known to be the potent tool to provide substantial benefits to crops for sustainable agriculture. The beneficial microbes colonize the plant (epiphytic, endophytic and rhizospheric) systems of crops and plays significant role in nutrient uptake from surrounding ecosystems of plants. The plant associates microbes have ability to promote growth of plant under the natural as well as extreme conditions. These plant growth promoting microbes enhance the plant growth by various direct and indirect plant growth promoting mechanisms such as biological nitrogen fixation, the production of various plant growth hormones, siderophores, HCN, various hydrolytic enzymes and solubilization of potassium, zinc, and phosphorus. Extensive work on the biofertilizers has been done and even available which clearly reveals that these microbes possess the potential of providing the vital nutrients to the crops in adequate quantities for the enrichment of yield of the crops without disturbing the environment.

Microbial biofertilizers: Bioresources and eco-friendly technologies for agricultural and environmental sustainability

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/69550.pdf

Rhizosphere engineering: Enhancing sustainable plant ecosystem productivity

Among many soil problems, heavy metal accumulation is one of the major agronomic challenges that has seriously threatened food safety. Due to these problems, soil biologists/agronomists in recent times have also raised concerns over heavy metal pollution, which indeed are unpleasantly affecting agro-ecosystems and crop production. The toxic heavy metals once deposited beyond certain permissible limits, obnoxiously affect the density, composition and physiological activities of microbiota, dynamics and fertility of soil leading eventually to reduction in wheat production and via food chain, human and animal health. Therefore, the metal induced phytotoxicity problems warrant urgent and immediate attention so that the physiological activities of microbes, nutrient pool of soils and concurrently the production of wheat are preserved and maintained in a constantly deteriorating environment. To mitigate the magnitude of metal induced changes, certain microorganisms have been identified, especially those belonging to the plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) group endowed with the distinctive property of heavy metal tolerance and exhibiting unique plant growth promoting potentials. When applied, such metal-tolerant PGPR have shown variable positive impact on wheat production, even in soils contaminated with metals, by supplying macro and micro nutrients and secreting active biomolecules like EPS, melanins and metallothionein (MTs). Despite some reports here and there, the phytotoxicity of metals to wheat and how wheat production in metal-stressed soil can be enhanced is poorly explained. Thus, an attempt is made in this review to better understand the mechanistic basis of metal toxicity to wheat, and how such phytotoxicity can be mitigated by incorporating microbiological remediation strategies in wheat cultivation practices. The information provided here is likely to benefit wheat growers and consequently optimize wheat production inexpensively under stressed soils.

/pdf/heavy-metal-induced-stress-on-wheat-phytotoxicity-and-4o1th88toh.pdf

Heavy metal induced stress on wheat: phytotoxicity and microbiological management

Rhizosphere microbiome manipulation for sustainable crop production

The contamination of soil and water with heavy metal pollutants is escalating day by day due to excessive industrialization, waste disposal, agricultural applications and various anthropogenic actions. Accrual of heavy metals, as non biodegradable agents, pose serious environmental concerns for all life forms affecting mostly plants and therefore present a risk to health of humans due to food chain contamination. To avoid heavy metal problems, bioremediation via plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is getting more consideration due to eco friendly nature, less expense and proven efficiency in comparison to physical or chemical remediation methods. Improving growth of plants and conquering the metal toxicity can be enhanced by association of PGPR. These microbes colonize the root or inhabit near root surfaces and involve in mechanisms for plant prevention from toxicity through secretion and production of several regulatory compounds such as phytohormones, siderophores, metal binding proteins etc. The review accentuates the role of PGPR in accelerating phytoremediation for elimination of toxic metals and growth augmentation of plants. Further, explicit spotlight on the exploitation of genetic engineering technology for future PGPR application is highlighted with the aspiration to widen future prospects.

Application of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Polluted Soil

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Owais Ahmad

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Application of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria in Bioremediation of Heavy Metal Polluted Soil