Sudden hearing loss

Evaluation of meniscal elasticity using shear wave elastography in obese children and adolescents: a preliminary cross-sectional study.

Global trend analysis, mechanistic insights and future directions of autoimmune ear diseases: Based on comprehensive findings over the past 20 years

Long‐term excessive forces loading from muscles of mastication during mandibular motions may result in disorders of temporomandibular joint (TMJ), myofascial pain, and restriction of jaw opening and closing. Current analysis of mandibular movements is generally conducted with a single opening, protrusive and lateral movements rather than composite motions that the three can be combined arbitrarily. The objective of this study was to construct theoretical equations reflecting the correlation between composite motions and muscle forces, and consequently to analyze the mandibular composite motions and the tensions of muscles of mastication in multiple dimensions. The muscle performances such as strength, power, and endurance of mandibular motions were analyzed and the effective motion range of each muscle was derived. The mandibular composite motion model was simplified by calculating muscle forces. An orthogonal rotation matrix based on muscle forces was established. A 3D printed mandible was used for in vitro simulation of mandibular motions on a robot and measurements of force were conducted. The theoretical model and forces were verified through a trajectory tracing experiment of mandibular motions driven by a 6‐axis robot with force/torque sensors. Through the analysis of the mandibular composite motion model, the motion form was obtained and transferred to guide the motions of the robot. The error between the experimental data obtained by the 6‐axis force/torque sensors and the theoretical data was within 0.6 N. Our system provides excellent visualization for analyzing the changes of muscle forces and locations during various mandibular movements. It is useful for clinicians to diagnose and formulate treatment for patients who suffer from (temporomandibular joint disorders) TMDs and restrict jaw movements. The system can potentially offer the comparison before and after treatment of TMDs or jaw surgery.

Experimental validation of a new model for mandibular motions

BACKGROUND
This study aimed to provide an updated prevalence of hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo and sudden deafness on patients with Sjögren's syndrome and matched comparison patients.


METHODS
Data for this study were retrieved from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database and Taiwan's registered catastrophic illness dataset. This study included 20 266 patients with Sjögren's syndrome as the study group and 60 798 propensity score-matched comparison patients as the comparison group. We used multivariable logistic regressions to estimate the ORs and 95% CI for tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo and sudden deafness among Sjögren's syndrome patients versus comparison patients.


RESULTS
χ2 tests showed there were statistically significant differences between the study group and comparison group in the prevalence of tinnitus (10.1% vs 6.3%, p<0.001), hearing loss (5.6% vs 3.3%, p<0.001), vertigo (4.6% vs 3.2%, p<0.001) and sudden deafness (0.8% vs 0.6%, p<0.001). Multiple logistic regression revealed that patients with Sjögren's syndrome had a greater tendency to have tinnitus (OR=1.690, 95% CI 1.596-1.788), sudden deafness (OR=1.368, 95% CI 1.137-1.647), hearing loss (OR=1.724, 95% CI 1.598-1.859) and vertigo (OR=1.473, 95% CI 1.360-1.597) relative to comparison patients after adjusting for age, income, geographic location, residential urbanisation level, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and rheumatoid arthritis.


CONCLUSIONS
We found higher prevalence of hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus and sudden deafness among patients with Sjögren's syndrome relative to comparison patients. Findings may provide guidance to physicians in counselling patients with Sjögren's syndrome regarding a higher risk of hearing loss, tinnitus, sudden deafness and vertigo.

Increased prevalence of hearing loss, tinnitus and sudden deafness among patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate primary Sjögren's syndrome patients in terms of hearing and vestibular functions. Methods The patient group consisted of 35 individuals diagnosed with primary Sjögren's syndrome and a control group of 35 healthy individuals similar in terms of age and gender. Results The rate of hearing loss in the patient group was significantly higher than in the control group (p = 0.021). The N1 latency value for the ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials test was significantly longer in the patient group than in the control group (p = 0.037). Additionally, the posterior semicircular canal and lateral semicircular canal vestibulo-ocular reflex gain values were significantly lower than in the control group (p = 0.022 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion These results indicate subclinical vestibular involvement and hearing loss in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients. Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials and video head impulse tests can be used to detect vestibular involvement in primary Sjögren's syndrome patients.

Effects of primary Sjögren's syndrome on hearing and vestibular systems

The objectives of this study were to quantitatively measure temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disk stiffness in adolescents with bruxism using shear wave elastography (SWE) and to examine the relationship between elastography values, patient age, and duration of bruxism.This prospective study evaluated 120 TMJ disks of 60 adolescents (30 patients with bruxism and 30 controls). The stiffness of the anterior, intermediate, and posterior parts of the disk was measured. The patient and control groups' respective quantitative SWE values of elasticity (kilopascals [kPa]) and velocity (meters/second [m/s]) were compared.The elasticity and velocity values of the anterior and intermediate parts were significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (P ≤ .013), with no significant difference in the size of the joint space (P = .886). A receiver operating characteristic analysis resulted in sensitivity for the anterior part of 0.80 for kPa and 0.83 for m/s, with specificity of 0.57 (kPa) and 0.60 (m/s). For the intermediate part, the sensitivity was 0.80 for kPa and 0.86 for m/s, with specificity of 0.64 (kPa) and 0.57 (m/s). No correlations were found between the SWE values and patient age (P ≥ .098) or duration of bruxism (P ≥ .134).SWE may be useful in the evaluation of TMJ disk stiffness in patients with bruxism. 

The usefulness of quantitatively assessing temporomandibular joint disk stiffness with shear wave elastography in adolescents with bruxism.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ani işitme kaybı tanısı konulan hastaların uygulanan tedaviye yanıtı değerlendirildi. Hastalar ve Yöntemler: Ocak 2005 Ocak 2007 tarihleri arasında ani işitme kaybı tanısıyla kliniğimizde tedavi edilen 41 hastanın (21 kadın, 20 erkek; ort. yaş 40.8±16.0 yıl; dağılım 16-71 yıl) iki yıllık tıbbi dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Hastaların yaşı ve cinsiyeti, eşlik eden semptomlar, mevsimsel değişkenlik, başvuru süresinin tedavi yanıtına etkisi ve uygulanan tedaviye verilen yanıtları değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Hastaların 36’sında tinnitus, 14’ünde vertigo, altısında baş ağrısı ve beşinde de kulakta dolgunluk yakınması eşlik etmekteydi. Hastalar mevsimsel başvuru dönemine göre incelendiğinde 17 hastanın kış, 10 hastanın ilkbahar, sekiz hastanın yaz, altı hastanın sonbaharda başvurduğu saptandı. On hastada (%24.4) orta derecede işitme kaybı, dokuz hastada (%22) ileri derece işitme kaybı, 22 hastada da (%53.6) çok ileri derece işitme kaybı saptandı. Hastalara uygulanan rutin tedavi sonucunda yedi hastada (%17) tam düzelme, 18 hastada (%44) hafif düzelme saptanırken 16 hastada (%39) hiç düzelme olmadı. Sonuç: Çalışma bulgularımız, işitme kaybının derecesi arttıkça tedaviye yanıtın azaldığını ve hastaların başvuru zamanının tedavi yanıtını etkilemediğini gösterdi. Anahtar sözcükler: Etyoloji; mevsimsel değişkenlik; ani işitme kaybı; tedavi yanıtı. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the treatment response of patients diagnosed with sudden hearing loss. Patients and Methods: Between January 2005 and January 2007, two-year medical files of 41 patients (21 females, 20 males; mean age: 40.8±16.0 years; range 16 to 71 years) who were treated with the diagnosis of sudden hearing loss in our clinic were retrospectively analyzed. Age and sex of the patients, comorbid symptoms, seasonal variation, the impact of time of admission on the response to treatment responses were evaluated. Results: Thirty-six patients suffered from accompanying tinnitus, 14 from vertigo, six from headache, and five from aural fullness. Evaluation of patients for seasonal admission patterns showed that 17 patients were admitted in winter, 10 in spring, eight in summer, and six in autumn. Ten patients (24.4%) had moderate hearing loss, nine (22%) had severe hearing loss, and 22 (53.6%) had profound hearing loss. As a result of the routine treatment, seven patients (17%) had a complete recovery, 18 (44%) had slight recovery, while 16 (39%) had no improvement. Conclusion: Our study results show that as the degree of hearing loss increased, the treatment response decreased and time of admission of patients had no impact on response to treatment.

/pdf/an-analysis-of-idiopatic-sudden-hearing-loss-patients-a-two-42sx798us8.pdf

An analysis of idiopatic sudden hearing loss patients: a two-year observational study

Sinonazal bölgenin en sık görülen anatomik varyasyonu olan konka bülloza, orta konkanın pnömatizasyonu olarak tanımlanır. Konka bülloza genellikle asemptomatik olsa da boyutuna bağlı olarak nazal septum ve osteomeatal bölge ile ilişkisine göre semptomatik hale gelebilir. En sık karşılaşılan semptomlar burun tıkanıklığı, baş ve yüz bölgesinde ağrı, koku problemleri, sinüzit, postnazal akıntı ve hipozmidir. Tanı; anterior rinoskopi, endoskopik muayene ve paranazal sinüs tomografisiyle konulur. Tedavide yeterli burun açıklığı sağlamak amacıyla endoskopik yöntemle orta konkanın parsiyel rezeksiyonu yapılır. Bu yazıda kronik baş ağrısı, burun tıkanıklığı ve koku alma bozukluğuna neden olan tek taraf lı dev konka büllozası olan 34 yaşında bir kadın hasta literatür eşliğinde sunuldu.

/pdf/giant-concha-bullosa-causing-severe-nasal-obstruction-17u43cg273.pdf

Giant concha bullosa causing severe nasal obstruction

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effects of different exercise methods on swallowing function in dysphagic stroke patients. Methods Forty‐two patients with dysphagia were divided into three groups: conventional swallowing exercises group; the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) exercises + conventional swallowing exercises group and the Chin‐tuck Against Resistance (CTAR) exercises + conventional swallowing exercises. Patients received swallowing rehabilitation twice a week for 8 weeks. Patients were evaluated for swallowing using Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) with the Penetration‐Aspiration Scale. Suprahyoid muscle thickness, tongue root area and hyolaryngeal elevation were measured by ultrasound before and after treatment. Furthermore, scales such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) swallowing safety scale, Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), Eating Assessment Tool‐10 (EAT‐10) and Swallowing Quality of Life Scale (SWAL‐QOL) were utilised. Results The clinical and demographic characteristics of all three groups were similar at baseline (p > 0.05). Positive improvements were identified following treatment in terms of muscle thickness, as determined by FEES evaluation of swallowing functions and ultrasound evaluations, in all groups (p < 0.05). In the PAS liquid food evaluation, the highest effect was found in the PNF group (η 2 = 0.858). All ultrasound evaluations showed greater improvement in the PNF and CTAR groups compared to the conventional group (p < 0.05). The SWAL QOL also showed significant improvements in all groups after treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion In this study, all three groups contributed to swallowing rehabilitation, but the PNF group improved the most. PNF exercises, delivered by physical therapists without the need for specialised equipment, will make swallowing rehabilitation more effective. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05678686

Does Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation Approach Have an Effect on Swallowing Function, Muscle Morphology and Quality of Life in Dysphagic Stroke Patients? A Randomised Controlled Trial.

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