NUDGE: IMPROVING DECISIONS ABOUT HEALTH, WEALTH, AND HAPPINESS by Richard H. Thaler and Cass R. Sunstein Penguin Books, 2009, 312 pp, ISBN 978-0-14-311526-7This book is best described formally as a general explanation of and advocacy for libertarian paternalism, a term coined by the authors in earlier publications. Informally, it is about how leaders, systems, organizations, and governments can nudge people to do the things the nudgers want and need done for the betterment of the nudgees, or of society. It is paternalism in the sense that "it is legitimate for choice architects to try to influence people's behavior in order to make their lives longer, healthier, and better", (p. 5) It is libertarian in that "people should be free to do what they like - and to opt out of undesirable arrangements if they want to do so", (p. 5) The built-in possibility of opting out or making a different choice preserves freedom of choice even though people's behavior has been influenced by the nature of the presentation of the information or by the structure of the decisionmaking system. I had never heard of libertarian paternalism before reading this book, and I now find it fascinating.Written for a general audience, this book contains mostly social and behavioral science theory and models, but there is considerable discussion of structure and process that has roots in mathematical and quantitative modeling. One of the main applications of this social system is economic choice in investing, selecting and purchasing products and services, systems of taxes, banking (mortgages, borrowing, savings), and retirement systems. Other quantitative social choice systems discussed include environmental effects, health care plans, gambling, and organ donations. Softer issues that are also subject to a nudge-based approach are marriage, education, eating, drinking, smoking, influence, spread of information, and politics. There is something in this book for everyone.The basis for this libertarian paternalism concept is in the social theory called "science of choice", the study of the design and implementation of influence systems on various kinds of people. The terms Econs and Humans, are used to refer to people with either considerable or little rational decision-making talent, respectively. The various libertarian paternalism concepts and systems presented are tested and compared in light of these two types of people. Two foundational issues that this book has in common with another book, Network of Echoes: Imitation, Innovation and Invisible Leaders, that was also reviewed for this issue of the Journal are that 1 ) there are two modes of thinking (or components of the brain) - an automatic (intuitive) process and a reflective (rational) process and 2) the need for conformity and the desire for imitation are powerful forces in human behavior. …

Nudge: Improving Decisions about Health, Wealth, and Happiness

Established in 2006, TATA Africa Services (Nigeria) Limited operates as the nodal point for Tata businesses in West Africa. TATA Africa Services (Nigeria) Limited has a strong presence in Nigeria with investments exceeding USD 10 million. The company was established in Lagos, Nigeria as a subsidiary of TATA Africa Holdings (SA) (Pty) Limited, South Africa and serves as the hub of Tata’s operations in Nigeria and the rest of West Africa.

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This book opens a fresh chapter in the debate on local enterprise clusters and their strategies for upgrading in the global economy. The authors employ a novel conceptual framework in their research on industrial clusters in Europe, Latin America and Asia and provide new perspectives and insights for researchers and policymakers alike.

Governance in global value chains

A literature and practice review to develop sustainable business model archetypes

Globalisation of supply chains makes their management and control more difficult. Blockchain technology, as a distributed digital ledger technology which ensures transparency, traceability, and sec...

Blockchain technology and its relationships to sustainable supply chain management

Although access-based business models such as product rental hold promise for contributing to sustainable production and consumption, their diffusion is hindered by a lack of consumer acceptance. In order for rental models to resonate with consumers, they must be designed and communicated in a way that aligns with consumers’ needs. While many studies have addressed business model design, few have looked at how rental business models are communicated to consumers. Our study addresses this gap by exploring how rental companies frame their offers to consumers, and how this aligns with consumer drivers to engage in rental previously found in literature. Through a qualitative content analysis of websites of companies in the growing sector of home furnishings rental, we find that, contrary to studies that suggest emphasising sustainability aspects, sustainability is not widely communicated. In addition, while messaging does reflect broad categories of drivers for a variety of consumer goods – including economic benefits, freedom from burdens of ownership, convenience, and novelty – home furnishings rental companies represent these drivers somewhat differently. This includes appealing to more intangible ideas such as aspiration, self-expression and homeliness, as well as citing aspects specific to home furnishings such as the literal burdens of transporting furniture when relocating. Our study raises important questions about the role of sustainability in communications and provides insights from companies actively engaged in rental that can potentially help ensure that company messaging, and in turn rental models themselves, resonate with consumers. We also contribute empirical findings on home furnishings rental, which has seen increasing engagement by practitioners but has received little consideration in academic literature. 

Communicating access-based business models: Company framings of home furnishings rental

Socially responsible purchasing in the supply chain: the present state in sweden and lessons for the future

Arnold Tucker, Ursula Tischner, New Business for Old Europe. Product-Service Development, Competitiveness and Sustainability

Addressing climate change and the collapse of ecosystems without threatening the economy, while simultaneously improving the well-being of all people, and ensuring social justice and equality seems to be the largest challenge in the history of mankind. So far, all the efforts to address growing environmental and human problems through technological solutions and half-hearted policy measures have been largely outpaced by the growing population and increasing consumption levels. It is therefore increasingly important to understand how environmental impacts from rising consumption can be reduced, and for that we need to understand the essence, driving forces and the complexities of the phenomena  consumption. Looking at consumption from a societal perspective, we can see that purchasing and behavior decisions are influenced by many factors, including economic influences, marketing of products and technological innovations, regulations governing consumption, and not least by what the people around us and in the media are doing. The complex interactions between these factors result in the consumption patterns and levels that Europeans think of as "normal", but which in fact are unsustainable and may bring us less happiness and life satisfaction than we imagine. A deep understanding of processes that shape consumption patterns and levels is needed if we are to promote sustainable ways of living. This paper reviews evidence on factors that shape and affect consumption so that we can better understand the complexity of consumption, as well as the relevance of these factors for instigating changes towards sustainable patterns and levels of consumption.

https://repository.tudelft.nl/islandora/object/uuid%3Acd2b3c25-4a29-4bd2-aa3d-1863f0ac388d/datastream/OBJ/download

Understanding the complexity of consumer behaviour and implications for the sustainable consumption discourse

Survey on consumption behaviour and its driving forces

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