Presently, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays are two dominant flat panel display technologies Recently, inorganic mini-LEDs (mLEDs) and micro-LEDs (μLEDs) have emerged by significantly enhancing the dynamic range of LCDs or as sunlight readable emissive displays "mLED, OLED, or μLED: who wins?" is a heated debatable question In this review, we conduct a comprehensive analysis on the material properties, device structures, and performance of mLED/μLED/OLED emissive displays and mLED backlit LCDs We evaluate the power consumption and ambient contrast ratio of each display in depth and systematically compare the motion picture response time, dynamic range, and adaptability to flexible/transparent displays The pros and cons of mLED, OLED, and μLED displays are analysed, and their future perspectives are discussed

/pdf/mini-led-micro-led-and-oled-displays-present-status-and-1231h0pbyk.pdf

Mini-LED, Micro-LED and OLED displays: present status and future perspectives

Recently, 'Liquid crystal display (LCD) vs. organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display: who wins?' has become a topic of heated debate. In this review, we perform a systematic and comparative study of these two flat panel display technologies. First, we review recent advances in LCDs and OLEDs, including material development, device configuration and system integration. Next we analyze and compare their performances by six key display metrics: response time, contrast ratio, color gamut, lifetime, power efficiency, and panel flexibility. In this section, we focus on two key parameters: motion picture response time (MPRT) and ambient contrast ratio (ACR), which dramatically affect image quality in practical application scenarios. MPRT determines the image blur of a moving picture, and ACR governs the perceived image contrast under ambient lighting conditions. It is intriguing that LCD can achieve comparable or even slightly better MPRT and ACR than OLED, although its response time and contrast ratio are generally perceived to be much inferior to those of OLED. Finally, three future trends are highlighted, including high dynamic range, virtual reality/augmented reality and smart displays with versatile functions.

/pdf/liquid-crystal-display-and-organic-light-emitting-diode-5b9d3ky1k3.pdf

Liquid crystal display and organic light-emitting diode display: present status and future perspectives

Electrically responsive photonic crystals represent one of the most promising intelligent materials for technological applications in optoelectronics. In this research, a polymer-stabilized blue phase (PSBP) I film with the self-organized 3D nanostructure is fabricated, and an electrically tunable photonic bandgap (PBG) is achieved. Interestingly, the large-scale shift of the PBG covering the entire visible spectrum is found to be asymmetric and can be modulated by the polarity and magnitude of bias voltage. Moreover, to demonstrate the usability in optical devices, blue phase lasers are developed by doping the PSBP material with fluorescent dyes. And mirrorless lasing emission with electrically tunable wavelength is observed. This self-assembled soft material is prospective to produce large-scale electrically responsive photonic crystals in facile fabrication process and has enormous potential applications in intelligent optoelectronic devices, such as 3D tunable lasers, reflective full-color displays, or photonic integrated circuits.

Asymmetric Tunable Photonic Bandgaps in Self-Organized 3D Nanostructure of Polymer-Stabilized Blue Phase I Modulated by Voltage Polarity

Alignment control technology of liquid crystal molecules

We present a backlight module (BLM) employing a photoluminescent quantum-dot microstructure array for flexible/curved liquid crystal displays (LCDs). Differently sized quantum-dot (QD) BLMs were prepared based on the theoretical spectral model and microstructure fabrication process. A 27-inch curved prototype showed a wide color gamut of 122.79% under the National Television Systems Committee standard while achieving high brightness of over 4000 cd/m2 and brightness/color uniformity of 85.21%/9.2 × 10-3. An LCD monitor prototype equipped with the proposed BLM was also assembled and tested, which showed higher visual performance when compared with a common commercial monitor. This method produces QD BLMs without the need of additional optical elements, and has good compatibility with traditional processes.

Flexible/curved backlight module with quantum-dots microstructure array for liquid crystal displays.

An optimized blue-phase liquid crystal (BPLC) with a moderate dielectric constant, manageable capacitor charging time, high voltage holding ratio, and submillisecond gray-to-gray response time at room temperature is developed Using protruded triangular IPS electrodes, the operation voltage can be reduced to 15V while keeping ~74% transmittance Such a BPLC enables single-TFT addressing and 240-Hz operation Potential application for color-sequential displays is emphasized Our new approaches have solved the most critical charging time issue and would accelerate the emergence of the long-awaited blue-phase LCDs The primetime for BPLCD is around the corner

34‐3: New Blue‐Phase Liquid Crystal Optimized for Color‐Sequential Displays

A liquid crystal capsule whose particle diameter is smaller than the minimum of the wavelength band of visible light, and a manufacturing method for the same are called for so that isotropy may be shown optically. A liquid crystal capsule whose particle diameter it is firm and is smaller than a minimum (about 380 nm) of a wavelength band of visible light, and a manufacturing method for the same are provided by using a styrene maleic anhydride copolymer for a surfactant, and using a melamine prepolymer for capsule wall formation.

Liquid crystal capsule and fabricating method thereof

We report an optimized blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC) mixture JC-BP08 for field-sequential-color (FSC) display applications. JC-BP08 exhibits several attractive features: 1) its fast average gray-to-gray response time enables FSC display, which in turn triples the resolution density and optical efficiency. 2) Its voltage holding ratio is >99.4% at 25°C and >93.2% at 60°C. 3) Its average dielectric constant e’≈87 is still manageable by the bootstrapping driving to enable 240 Hz operation. 4) Using a triangular protrusion electrode structure, the transmittance can reach 74% at 15V, which enables single-TFT driving. 5) With two-domain structure, it offers indistinguishable gamma shift and wide viewing angle. We proposed a voltage charging model and found a linear relationship between the required charging time and e’, which is validated by our experimental results.

Optimized blue-phase liquid crystal for field-sequential-color displays

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34‐3: New Blue‐Phase Liquid Crystal Optimized for Color‐Sequential Displays

Liquid crystal capsule and fabricating method thereof

Optimized blue-phase liquid crystal for field-sequential-color displays