Chemical compositions and basic properties of smart
					materials (ferroics, biferroics, multiferroics) are introduced in this paper.
					Single phase and composite ferroelectromagnetics are characterized in detail.
					Multiferroic ferroelectromagnetics are materials which are both
					ferromagnetic/ferrimagnetic/antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric/ferrielectric,
					antiferrolectric in the same phase. As a result they have a spontaneous
					magnetization which can be switched by an applied magnetic field, a spontaneous
					polarization which can be switched by an applied electric field, and often there
					is some coupling between those fields. The physical mechanisms of the coupling
					process were analyzed. In the case of the ferroelectromagnetics in general the
					transitions method d electrons, which are essential for magnetism, reduce the
					tendency for off-center ferroelectric distortion. Such materials have all the
					potential applications of both their parent ferroelectric and ferromagnetic
					materials.

http://acoustics.ippt.pan.pl/index.php/aa/article/download/531/pdf_237

Multiferroic materials for sensors, transducers and memory devices (reviewarticle)

Chemical compositions and basic properties of smart materials (ferroics, biferroics, mul- tiferroics) are introduced in this paper. Single phase and composite ferroelectromagnetics are characterized in detail. Multiferroic ferroelectromagnetics are materials which are both ferro- magnetic/ferrimagnetic/antiferromagnetic and ferroelectric/ferrielectric, antiferrolectric in the same phase. As a result they have a spontaneous magnetization which can be switched by an applied magnetic field, a spontaneous polarization which can be switched by an applied elec- tric field, and often there is some coupling between those fields. The physical mechanisms of the coupling process were analyzed. In the case of the ferroelectromagnetics in general the transitions method d electrons, which are essential for magnetism, reduce the tendency for off-center ferroelectric distortion. Such materials have all the potential applications of both their parent ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials.

/pdf/multiferroic-materials-for-sensors-transducers-and-memory-50br8tzeek.pdf

Multiferroic materials for sensors, transducers and memory devices

An optical fibre sensor (OFS) for the online monitoring of the polymerization reaction is
described in this paper. The sensor, based on Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC) analysis, was used to study the reaction between diglycidyl ether bisphenol-A
(DGEBA) and 2,20-dimethyl-4,40-methylenebis(cyclohexylamine) (DMMB-CHA). Changes in concentrations
of reactants and products were monitored over the curing period at different temperatures by the
FT-IR technique, and from DSC runs the variation in the enthalpy of reaction over time for different
curing temperatures was determined. Plots of fractional conversions versus time from the two methods
were produced and compared. An attempt to deduce glass transition temperatures from the fractional conversion
curves produced by FT-IR is also described. This involved the use of the fitting polynomial calculated
from the DSC results. As a result, a sensor designed for embedding into a system curing at elevated
temperature was constructed and tested.

/pdf/monitoring-the-polymerization-of-a-diglycidyl-ether-44lznme929.pdf

Monitoring the polymerization of a diglycidyl ether bisphenol-A/2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexylamine) matrix with a Fourier transform infrared optical fibre sensor

A novel AlGaInAs/InP electro-absorption modulated laser (EML) with a simple fabrication process is proposed, in which the electro-absorption modulator (EAM) has a 10 nm blueshift induced by quantum well intermixing (QWI) and is monolithically integrated with a sidewall grating distributed-feedback (DFB) laser working at 1.55 μm wavelength. The extent of the QWI process is characterized by a diffusion length. The quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) is simulated in terms of extinction ratio (ER) and chirp for bias electric fields from 0 kV/cm to 200 kV/cm and for different amounts of intermixing. The results indicate that for a 150 µm-long EAM with a 10 nm blueshift induced by QWI, an ER of 40 dB is obtained at 2.5 V reverse bias with no penalty in chirp compared to an as-grown quantum well (QW) and the insertion loss at 0 V bias is 0.11 dB for 1.55 µm operation wavelength. The simulated –3 dB bandwidth of the electrical to optical power response is 22 GHz.

/pdf/simulation-of-an-algainas-inp-electro-absorption-modulator-1j3sg39n.pdf

Simulation of an AlGaInAs/InP Electro-Absorption Modulator Monolithically Integrated with Sidewall Grating Distributed Feedback Laser by Quantum Well Intermixing

Fiber optic smart structures and fly by light have often evolved in the aerospace industry as separate and distinct programs. As these areas mature and start to move into demonstrations the overlap and merger of these two fields can be expected to become increasingly apparent. This paper explores how this merger is likely to occur.© (1994) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Fiber optic smart structures for fly-by-light

Fiber optic smart structures and skins III : 19-21 September 1990, San Jose, California

: Mid-IR is a useful wavelength range for both science and military applications due to its low atmospheric attenuation and ability to be used for passive detection. However, many solutions for detecting light in this spectral region need to be operated at cryogenic temperatures as their required narrow bandgaps suffer from carrier recombination and band-to-band tunneling at room temperature leading to high dark currents. These problems can be alleviated by using a separate absorption, charge, and multiplication avalanche photodiode. We have recently demonstrated such a device with a 3-µm cutoff using Al 0.15 In 0.85 As 0.77 Sb 0.23 , as the absorber, grown on GaSb. Here we investigate Al 0.15 In 0.85 As 0.77 Sb 0.23 as a simple PIN homojunction and provide metrics to aid in future designs using this material. PL spectrum measurements indicate a bandgap of 2.94 µm at 300 K. External quantum efficiencies of 39% and 33% are achieved at 1.55 µm and 2 µm respectively. Between 180 K and 280 K the activation energy is ∼ 0.22 eV, roughly half the bandgap of Al 0.15 In 0.85 As 0.77 Sb 0.23 , indicating thermal generation is dominant.

Narrow bandgap Al 0.15 In 0.85 As 0.77 Sb 0.23 for mid-infrared photodetectors

: The quantum-conﬁned Stark eﬀect in 𝐼𝑛𝐴𝑠 / 𝐼𝑛 ( 𝐺𝑎 ) 𝐴𝑠 quantum dots ( 𝑄𝐷𝑠 ) using non-intentionally doped and p-doped 𝑄𝐷 barriers was investigated to compare their performance for use in optical modulators. The measurements indicate that the doped 𝑄𝐷 barriers lead to a better Figure of Merit ( 𝐹𝑜𝑀 ), deﬁned as the ratio of the change in absorption Δ 𝛼 for a reverse bias voltage swing to the loss at 1 𝑉 𝛼 ( 1 𝑉 ) , 𝐹𝑜𝑀 = Δ 𝛼 / 𝛼 ( 1 𝑉 ) . The improved performance is due to the absence of the ground-state absorption peak and an additional component to the Stark shift. Measurements indicate that p-doping the 𝑄𝐷 barriers can lead to more than a 3 𝑥 increase in 𝐹𝑜𝑀 modulator performance between temperatures of − 73 ◦ 𝐶 to 100 ◦ 𝐶 when compared with the stack with 𝑁𝐼𝐷 𝑄𝐷 barriers.

pdf/measurement-of-the-quantum-confined-stark-effect-in-inas-in-2e5u072s.pdf

Measurement of the quantum-confined Stark effect in InAs/In(Ga)As quantum dots with p-doped quantum dot barriers

CHIA-WEI TU,1 MASOUD KAVEH,2 MARTIN FRÄNZL,3 QIAN GAO,4 HARK-HOE TAN,4,5 CHENNUPATI JAGADISH,4,5 HEIDRUN SCHMITZER,6 AND HANS PETER WAGNER1,7,∗ 1Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA 2Department of Physics & Astronomy, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA 3Department of Physics, University of Leipzig, Leipzig 04109, Germany 4Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia 5ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia 6Department of Physics, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH 45207, USA 7Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA ∗wagnerhp@uc.edu

Unique reflection from birefringent uncoated and gold-coated InP nanowire crystal arrays: supplement

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Oe

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Fiber optic smart structures and skins III : 19-21 September 1990, San Jose, California

Narrow bandgap Al 0.15 In 0.85 As 0.77 Sb 0.23 for mid-infrared photodetectors

Measurement of the quantum-confined Stark effect in InAs/In(Ga)As quantum dots with p-doped quantum dot barriers

Unique reflection from birefringent uncoated and gold-coated InP nanowire crystal arrays: supplement