Observation of icosahedral shells and subshells in calcium clusters

The optical constants of Ca have been determined from reflectance measurements in the range 2-11 eV. Good agreement with a calculation of the optical joint density of states is obtained. The origin of the absorption spectrum has been analyzed using plots of so-called optical surfaces. Studies of the dielectric function reveal two volume and two surface plasmons.

Optical properties of calcium

Electronic properties of metallic bilayers deposited on Cu(1 1 1): A comparative study

The electronic structure of calcium is calculated by means of the self-consistent linear combination of Gaussian orbitals method and the local-density approximation (LDA). No shape approximations to the charge density or the potential are made. We obtain a band structure and a Fermi surface which is in reasonable agreement with experiment. For that reason we disagree with the conclusions drawn in a recent paper by Jan and Skriver, who employed the linear muffin-tin orbital method and stated that the LDA cannot give a reasonable Fermi surface. Our empty d-band width is somewhat narrower in comparison with other calculations or experiment, as one can also see from our calculated optical conductivity. X-ray form factors, which deviate only slightly from the free-atom values, and Compton profiles, are also given.

Electronic structure and Fermi surface of calcium

Deposition and study of calcium films were achieved under ultrahigh vacuum. The latter was obtained with the use of an ion pump and a helium cryopump. The temperature of the substrate ranged between 90 and 400 K. The electrical resistance was measured with the use of a four-probe method with a constant current. Film thicknesses were in the range between 20 and 300 nm. To obtain a stable film structure, samples were annealed to a temperature near 400 K. The electrical resistivity of the annealed films exhibited a linear and reversible variation with temperature. It was shown to be thickness dependent. For the thickest deposits, electrical resistivity reached a constant value which no longer depended on the thickness, but was a function of the film-deposition temperature. With the help of electron photomicrographs and with use of the conduction model proposed by Mayadas and Schatzkes, we calculated the fraction $p$ of electrons which are specularly reflected at the surface of the film and the parameter $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ depending on the reflection on grain boundaries. The influence of grain boundaries was calculated and the mean free path was deduced from these results.

Grain-boundary effect in calcium thin films

The optical constants of metallic calcium have been measured in the energy range 0.5 to 5 eV. The spectrum by a strong peak at 0.68 eV, and by a weak structure at 3.8 eV. The optical mass was deduced from the data and found to be m*=2.0. A strong anomalous absorption peak was found in samples annealed to 600K.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0305-4608/6/6/033/pdf

Optical properties of metallic calcium

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Optical properties of metallic calcium