Seabed Fluid Flow

Bearing capacity of circular foundations on soft clay of strength increasing with depth

The paper presents a procedure to calculate the bearing capacity for foundations subjected to a combination of static and cyclic loads under undrained conditions. The term cyclic shear strength is defined, and laboratory tests are used to show how this strength and the type of failure of a soil element depend on the average and cyclic shear stresses and the number of load cycles. The calculation procedure is based on the strength determined from laboratory tests. It ensures strain compatibility of the soil elements along the potential failure surface and accounts for redistribution of average stresses during undrained cyclic loading. The procedure gives the failure load, the location of the critical failure surface, and indicates whether the foundation failure will occur as large cyclic displacements, large average displacements (e.g. settlements), or a combination of the two. The paper also presents examples with numerical values of cyclic shear strengths from triaxial and DSS laboratory tests on Drammen clay, both for given number of cycles and for typical storm loading.

Bearing capacity for foundations with cyclic loads

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/sandf1972/32/4/32_4_117/_pdf

Prediction of clay behaviour in undrained and partially drained cyclic triaxial tests

Recompression of normally consolidated clay after cyclic loading.

During the past 10 years, 15 gravity structures have been installed in the northern North Sea. As new gravity structures are being designed for installation on softer soils and at greater depths, they still pose a great challenge to soil mechanics and foundation engineering. Great improvements have been made during the past 10-year period. This applies to soil investigations, in-situ measurements, undisturbed sampling, laboratory testing and design analyses. Compared to structures on land, offshore gravity structures are characterised by large foundation areas, the installation method, and the cyclic wave loading state. The paper reviews soil investigation methods, site and soil conditions, construction principles, instrumentation and installation. The main emphasis, however, is given to current foundation design practice and experiences gained from full scale measurements.

Foundation engineering for gravity structures in the northern North Sea

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Foundation engineering for gravity structures in the northern North Sea