Background: Since Helicobacter heilmannii gastritis is very much rarer than H. pylori gastritis, and no systematic studies comparing these two gastritides have so far been carried out, we undertook the present study to investigate possible differences between H. heilmannii and H. pylori gastritis. Methods: In 202 patients with H. heilmannii gastritis and 202 matched control patients with H. pylori gastritis and duodenal ulcer the following variables were graded and compared: Helicobacter colonization, chronicity of gastritis, activity of gastritis, replacement of foveolar epithelium by regenerative epithelium, mucus depletion, frequency of acquired mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), and intestinal metaplasia. Results: In contrast to the diffuse pattern of colonization in the case of H. pylori, colonization with H. heilmannii is mainly (91.2%) focal and for the most part restricted to the antrum (only 29.1% concurrent colonization of the corpus). The gradings of all gastritis variables were statisti...

A Comparison of Helicobacter pylori and H. heilmannii Gastritis: A Matched Control Study Involving 404 Patients

Demonstration of Helicobacter pylori-like organisms in the gastric mucosa of captive exotic carnivores

In this issue of the journal, Andersen and associates report on the isolation of a \"Helicobacter heilmannii\"-like organism (\"Gastrospirillum hominis\") from human gastric biopsy tissue (see pp. 95-96). This isolation continues the advances that have been made in our understanding of gastric microbiology over the past 13 years. Published reports in this area include that by Hanninen et al. in this journal, describing the isolation of \"Gastrospirillum\" from dogs (1).

Isolation of “Helicobacter heilmannii” from human tissue

The discovery of Helicobacter pylori changed forever our perception of the stomach as a habitat for specialized bacteria. It is now known that the stomachs of all animals are colonized by a wide range of highly adapted bacteria that belong to the genus Helicobacter. This chapter describes non-H. pylori gastric bacteria and considers the nature of these specialized adaptations that allow this very interesting group of organisms to inhabit the hostile gastric environment where no others can survive. It has been reported that the spiral organisms inhabited the gastric pits of the pyloric and fundic glands, with some of these bacteria closely associated with the acid-producing parietal cells and in some cases inside the canuliculi of these cells. Many of the in vivo culture techniques that were undertaken earlier are still widely used today, especially for the isolation and characterization of gastric helicobacters that have been unable to be cultivated in vitro, a classic example being ''H. heilmannii’’. New and more sophisticated techniques, especially in the field of molecular biology, have led to the discovery of many new organisms that inhabit the stomach, lower bowel, and liver. Like many of the other gastric helicobacters, H. heilmannii is free living and does not attach to the epithelial cell layer. In their natural host, most of the known gastric helicobacters do not induce a significant pathology. Just as the human has H. pylori inhabiting the stomach, most animal species have their own gastric helicobacters, many of which are described in this chapter.

Other Gastric Helicobacters and Spiral Organisms

Introduction:
Helicobacter spp. colonizing the human stomach other than Helicobacter pylori have been rarely described in children.
Case Presentation:
We identified an uncultured Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato by histology and PCR in biopsies from a symptomatic child. Surprisingly, the PCR assay demonstrated the presence of the vacA gene in this uncultured H. heilmannii sensu lato and its sequence related highly to H. pylori vacA virulence factor. The analysis of the 16S ribosomal sequence showed higher identity with uncultured Helicobacter spp. and the H. heilmannii strain, respectively.
Conclusion:
This is the first report that shows the presence of vacA in an uncultured H. heilmannii sensu lato extracted from human gastric mucosa.

Helicobacter pylori vacA virulence factor in uncultured Helicobacter heilmannii sensu lato from an infected child

Royal Academy Of Medicine In Ireland Section Of Ophthalmology: Proceedings of meeting held 19th & 20th April 1991 in Galway

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Royal Academy Of Medicine In Ireland Section Of Ophthalmology: Proceedings of meeting held 19th & 20th April 1991 in Galway