Because they ignore stationary scene components, difference pictures provide a simple, robust method for detecting motion in the early stages of dynamic scene analysis.

Dynamic Scene Analysis Using Pixel-Based Processes

The analysis of image sequences has only recently been recognized as a research area in its own right. A lot of isolated experience, however, had already been accumulated in various application-oriented investigations. It is the goal of this contribution to gather this experience in a coherent presentation, thus giving depth to an emerging discipline. The unifying idea underlying the organization of this review is an attempt to demonstrate that progress towards more automatic evaluation of image sequences has been intimately connected with improvements of the means to construct computer-internal descriptions — loosely called ‘models’ — of the depicted scene. This description has to take into account the spatial or temporal variations which are encountered throughout an image sequence. Attempts to describe the development of extractable subimages with time in a quantitative manner are abstracted from their application and presented in a separate chapter. A comprehensive bibliography, augmented by an author index, should facilitate access to the literature.

Image Sequence Analysis: What Can We Learn from Applications?

An automatic ultrasonic inspection system for automatically testing billets by the pulse reflection type of inspection and further utilizing an ultrasonic transducer for thru-transmission of energy for automatic distance-amplitude correction and including indexing means having an angular scan encoder and an axial scan encoder such that reflections obtained indicative of defects are accurately correlated with their three dimensional positions in the billets. A defect gate receives the reflections through the billet and if a defect meets a preset criteria such defect information is displayed and passed to a computer wherein the position of the defect is stored. The computer can provide various outputs such as alphanumeric-graphic display or printed outputs.

Ultrasonic diagnostic inspection systems

The latest generation of computer vision technology is revolutionizing concepts, applications, and products in video surveillance and CCTV. This is of prime relevance to security for large outdoor facilities such as commercial airfields, refineries, power plants, and office/industrial campuses. Most airfields, for example, have open (unfenced) perimeters, high volume heterogeneous traffic, are easily accessed on foot or by water, and exist in areas where regulations providing a safety buffer are difficult to legislate or enforce. And all airfields require 24/7 outdoor monitoring - snow, fog, rain, or shine. Likewise, most high-value facilities appealing to criminals and terrorists are in close proximity to public areas (roads, residences, city, etc.). The appeal of automated real-time surveillance is obvious $maximizing efficiency and effectiveness of security personnel and resources while increasing the probability of preventing a serious security breach. Computer vision based solutions have the potential for very discriminating detection and very low false alarms. The bottom line is that applied computer vision has the potential for the greatest return on investment (ROI), both short-term and long-term.

Automated video protection, monitoring & detection

This paper describes a Traffic Flow Measurement System, TMS-II, based on the vehicle cluster concept. TMS-II is a system which aims at a real-time and precise measurement of spatially distributed traffic data, such as vehicle locations, vehicle speeds, traffic congestion, queue tail points, etc., through image processing. The fundamental measurement element in TMS-II is vehicle location, from which other spatially distributed traffic data are derived. In the image processing method, TMS-II adopts both line-differential method and clustering method based on the vehicle cluster concept. By introducing the vehicle cluster concept, TMS-II flexibly detects individual vehicles under light traffic conditions, as well as vehicle clusters under heavy traffic conditions. TMS-II mainly consists of a TV camera (two-dimensional CCD image sensor), a video pre-processor, and a micro-processing system. Field experiments have been conducted and the following results have been obtained from a preliminary analysis. (i) Vehicle cluster detection is rated at more than 97 percent. (ii) It takes about 0.5 secnd to calculate vehicle cluster data. (iii) It is possible to measure spatially distributed vehicle speed and queue tail point.

Traffic flow measurement system using image processing

Computer analysis of traffic flow observed by subtractive television

Acoustical holography can present a “complete” image of three-dimensional ultrasonic field. Because of this capability, its application to nondestructive testing, biomedical examination and especially underwater acoustics seems promising. Although there are several two-dimensional sensors, such as liquid surface or Polhman cell, which are able to directly make a hologram, their sensitivity is rather low. An ultimate sensitivity has been so far obtained by the scanning transducer method. In this method, a transducer is scanned over the aperture of the hologram and its output is recorded in a two-dimensional form. The reconstruction of image is done by either analog processing by coherent optics or digital processing by computer. The latter processing becomes increasingly popular because of its flexibility. The cost of digital processing is also decreasing due to the recent development of integrated circuits.

Graphic Display for Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing

The capability of nondestructive testing techniques heavily depends on the way of collecting, analyzing and presenting data for defect evaluation. The more dependable evaluation calls for the more thorough information. It is often desirable to present data in graphical form, so that the location and the shape of defects within in the sample under test can be seen at a glance.© (1972) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Application Of Graphic Display To Ultrasonic Testing

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Computer analysis of traffic flow observed by subtractive television

Graphic Display for Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing

Application Of Graphic Display To Ultrasonic Testing