A contribution to the cyto-taxonomy of Brassica (Cruciferae) and its allies

An index of chromosome numbers for spermatophytes indigenous to the New Zealand Botanical Region is presented, along with full references to the original reports. Chromosome numbers are listed for 1212 species out of a total estimated indigenous spermatophyte flora of 1883 described species. This represents 64.4% of the total with chromosome counts (100% for gymno‐sperms, 74.3% for dicotyledons, and 39.8% for monocotyledons).

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0028825X.2000.9512672

Index of chromosome numbers of indigenous New Zealand spermatophytes

Yellow seeded Brassica napus was developed through interspecific crosses with the two mustard species, B. juncea and B. carinata. The objective of these two interspecific crosses was the introgression of genes for yellow seed colour from the A genome of B. juncea and C genome of B. carinata into the A and C genomes of B. napus, respectively. The interspecific F1 generations were backcrossed to B. napus in an attempt to eliminate B genome chromosomes and to improve fertility. Backcross F2 plants of the (B. napus×B. juncea) ×B. napus cross were then crossed with backcross F2 plants of the (B. napus×B. carinata) ×B. napus cross. The objective of this intercrossing was to combine the A and C genome yellow seeded characteristics of the two backcross populations into one genotype. The F2 generation of the backcross F2 intercrosses was grown in the field, plants were individually harvested and visually rated for seed colour. Ninety-one yellow seeded plants were identified among the 4858 plants inspected. This result indicated that the interspecific crossing scheme was successful in developing yellow seeded B. napus.

Development of Yellow Seeded Brassica napus Through Interspecific Crosses

A molecular cytogenetic map of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis, 2n=20) was constructed based on the 4′-6-diamino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride-stained mitotic metaphase and pachytene chromosomes and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization (McFISH), using three repetitive DNA sequences, 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and C11-350H. The lengths of mitotic metaphase chromosomes ranged from 1.46 μm to 3.30 μm. Five 45S and three 5S rDNA loci identified were assigned to different chromosomes. The C11-350H loci were located on all the mitotic metaphase chromosomes, except chromosomes 2 and 4. The pachytene karyotype consisted of two metacentric (chromosomes 1 and 6), five submetacentric (chromosomes 3, 4, 5, 9 and 10), two subtelocentric (chromosomes 7 and 8), and one acrocentric (chromosome 2) chromosome(s). The mean lengths of ten pachytene chromosomes ranged from 23.7 μm to 51.3 μm, with a total of 385.3 μm, which is 17.5-fold longer than that of the mitotic metaphase chromosomes. In the proposed pachytene karyotype, all the chromosomes of B. rapa ssp. pekinensis can be identified on the basis of chromosome length, centromere position, heterochromatin pattern, and the location of the three repetitive sequences. Moreover, the precise locations of the earlier reported loci of 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and Chinese cabbage tandem DNA repeat C11-350H were established using McFISH analysis. We also identified a 5S rDNA locus on the long arm of pachytene bivalent 7, which could not be detected in the mitotic metaphase chromosomes in the present and earlier studies. The deduced karyotype will be useful for structural and functional genomic studies in B. rapa.

A high-resolution karyotype of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis revealed by pachytene analysis and multicolor fluorescence in situ hybridization

Plant Breeding: Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Crop Plants and its Exploitation in Breeding

/pdf/uber-die-ruhenden-und-die-prasynaptischen-phasen-der-u0crxac4ut.pdf

Über die ruhenden und die präsynaptischen Phasen der Reduktionsteilung

Some Observations in the Life History of Isoetes . (With 9 Text-figures)

On the Effect of Ultraviolet Rays upon Nuclear Divisions of Plants

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Über die ruhenden und die präsynaptischen Phasen der Reduktionsteilung

Some Observations in the Life History of Isoetes . (With 9 Text-figures)

On the Effect of Ultraviolet Rays upon Nuclear Divisions of Plants