Pathogenic Yersinia spp (Yersinia pestis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and Yersinia enterocolitica) have evolved an exquisite method for delivering powerful effectors into cells of the host immune system where they inhibit signaling cascades and block the cells' response to infection Understanding the molecular mechanisms of this system has provided insight into the processes of phagocytosis and inflammation

/pdf/yersinia-type-iii-secretion-send-in-the-effectors-2vfl1uzrqm.pdf

Yersinia type III secretion send in the effectors

p130Cas: a versatile scaffold in signaling networks.

Plague, caused by Yersinia pestis , is recognized as the most devastating acute infectious disease experienced by humankind. This notoriety is based upon the high rate of mortality, the rapid onset, and the appalling pathology associated with both the bubonic and pneumonic forms of the infection.

/pdf/interleukin-10-and-inhibition-of-innate-immunity-to-2of78ucaj0.pdf

Interleukin-10 and inhibition of innate immunity to Yersiniae: roles of Yops and LcrV (V antigen).

Pathogenic yersiniae (Yersinia pestis, Y. pseudotuberculosis, and Y. enterocolitica) harbor a 70-kb virulence plasmid (pYV) that encodes a type III secretion system and a set of at least six effector proteins (YopH, YopO, YopP, YopE, YopM, and YopT) that are injected into the host cell cytoplasm. Yops (Yersinia outer proteins) disturb the dynamics of the cytoskeleton, inhibit phagocytosis by macrophages, and downregulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines, which makes it possible for yersiniae to multiply extracellularly in lymphoid tissue. Y. enterocolitica serotype O:8 belongs to the highly mouse-pathogenic group of yersiniae in contrast to Y. enterocolitica serotype O:9. However, there has been no systematic study of the contribution of Yops to the pathogenicity of Y. enterocolitica O:8 in mice. We generated a set of yop gene deletion mutants of Y. enterocolitica O:8 by using the novel Red cloning procedure. We subsequently analyzed the contribution of yopH, -O, -P, -E, -M, -T, and -Q deletions to pathogenicity after oral and intravenous infection of mice. Here we showed for the first time that a ΔyopT deletion mutant colonizes mouse tissues to a greater extent than the parental strain. The ΔyopO, ΔyopP, and ΔyopE mutants were only slightly attenuated after oral infection since they were still able to colonize the spleen and liver and cause systemic infection. The ΔyopO mutant was lethal for mice, whereas ΔyopP and ΔyopE mutants were successfully eliminated from the spleen and liver 2 weeks after infection. In contrast the ΔyopH, ΔyopM, and ΔyopQ mutants were highly attenuated and not able to colonize the spleen and liver on any of the days tested. The ΔyopH, ΔyopO, ΔyopP, ΔyopE, ΔyopM, and ΔyopQ mutants had only modest defects in the colonization of the small intestine and Peyer's patches. The ΔyopE mutant was eliminated from the small intestine 3 weeks after infection, whereas the ΔyopH, ΔyopP, ΔyopM, and ΔyopQ mutants continued to colonize the small intestine at this time.

Contribution of the Major Secreted Yops of Yersinia enterocolitica O:8 to Pathogenicity in the Mouse Infection Model

The Yersinia protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) YopH is translocated into eukaryotic cells by a type III secretion system that requires bacterial-host cell contact. YopH is composed of two modular effector domains: a substrate-binding domain located in the N-terminal region (residues 1-130) and a PTP catalytic domain located in the C-terminal region (residues 206-468). Previous studies have shown that YopH selectively targets tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins of approximate molecular weight 120 kDa (p120) and 55 kDa (p55) in murine macrophages. It has been demonstrated that p120 actually represents two tyrosine-phosphorylated target proteins, Cas and Fyb. We used the substrate-binding domain of YopH to affinity purify tyrosine-phosphorylated target proteins from lysates of J774A.1 macrophages. Protein microsequencing identified p55 as murine SKAP-HOM. Direct interaction between SKAP-HOM and a catalytically inactive form of YopH was demonstrated in vitro and in macrophages. In addition, we obtained evidence that SKAP-HOM is tyrosine phosphorylated in response to macrophage cell adhesion and that it forms a signalling complex with Fyb. We suggest that dephosphorylation of SKAP-HOM and Fyb by YopH allows yersiniae to interfere with a novel adhesion-regulated signal transduction pathway in macrophages.

The Yersinia tyrosine phosphatase YopH targets a novel adhesion-regulated signalling complex in macrophages.

YopH dephosphorylates Cas and Fyn-binding protein in macrophages

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Nivia Hamid

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

YopH dephosphorylates Cas and Fyn-binding protein in macrophages