Left ventricular (LV) torsion is a fundamental component of wall motion and plays an important role to optimize ventricular ejection fraction. The aim of our study was to calculate by speckle tracking echocardiography LV twist angle in patients with hypertension and LV remodeling, analyzing torsional indices in all patterns of hypertrophy, in comparison to torsional dynamics of age-matched healthy subjects. Hypertensive patients (n = 202) were divided in three groups, patients with concentric remodeling (n = 70), concentric hypertrophy (n = 68) and eccentric hypertrophy (n = 64), in relation to the echocardiographic measurements of relative wall thickness and LV mass, analyzing their torsional patterns by speckle tracking in comparison to age-matched control group. Compared to healthy controls, LV twist angle was increased in patients with hypertension and concentric remodeling (15.2° ± 1.9° vs. 11.0° ± 1.6°; p < 0.001), reaching the highest value in patients with concentric hypertrophy (19.4° ± 2.6°); instead LV twist angle presented depressed in the group of patients that presented eccentric hypertrophy (5.0° ± 1.1°). Regarding LV untwisting rate, it was higher in the concentric remodeling and concentric hypertrophy groups (−123.1°/s ± 12.1°/s and −145.1°/s ± 15.5°/s, respectively) in comparison with the controls (−90.0°/s ± 10.1°/s; p < 0.0001 for both). Instead, lower values of LV untwisting rate were observed in the eccentric remodeling group (−81.6°/s ± 8.1°/s), not significantly different to controls’ values (p = 0.09). Enhanced LV twist angle appears to be a compensatory mechanism in hypertensive patients during the earlier stages of concentric remodeling and concentric hypertrophy; this hyper-torsion is inevitably loss in the more advanced stage of eccentric hypertrophy.

Left ventricular remodeling and torsion dynamics in hypertensive patients

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. However, exact molecular mechanism of AF remains unclear.

Aims: Our study aimed to identify underlying biomarkers and pathways involved in AF based on bioinformatics analysis.

Methods: The GSE79768 human heart tissue dataset was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A total of 26 heart tissue samples including 14 AF atrium heart tissue samples and 12 sinus rhythm heart tissue samples were used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The functional enrichment analysis, protein‑protein interaction network, and miRNA-targeted gene regulatory network analysis were performed.

Results: A total o f 260 DEGs were identified in the AF and sinus rhythm groups, including 150 up‑regulated and 110 down‑regulated genes. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses of DEGs indicated that they were mainly involved in inflammatory response, immune response, and receptor‑mediated endocytosis. In addition, CXCR4, CXCR2, C3, CXCL11, CCR2, AGTR2, CXCL1, and others were the hub nodes in the protein‑protein interaction network and module analysis revealed that these hub nodes were also significantly enriched in the inflammatory response, cytokine‑cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling, and neuro‑active ligand‑receptor interaction pathways. Furthermore, miRNA‑targeted regulatory network analysis showed that 58 miRNA were involved in 61 regulatory relationships including 9 up‑regulated and 5 down‑regulated genes.

Conclusions: This study identified a series of key genes, including CXCR4, CXCR2, CXCL11, CCR2, LRRK2, IL1B, C3, CXCL1, and important miRNAs such as miR‑3123, miR‑548g‑3p, and miR‑9‑5p, along with pathways that were most closely related to human AF. Our results may provide a novel molecular mechanism and potential therapeutic targets for AF.

/pdf/identification-of-potential-novel-biomarkers-and-therapeutic-15x4ma50yx.pdf

Identification of potential novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets involved in human atrial fibrillation based on bioinformatics analysis.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia. We aimed to construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks associated with the susceptibility and persistence of AF by applying the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and prioritize key genes using the random walk with restart on multiplex networks (RWR-M) algorithm. Methods: RNA sequencing results from 235 left atrial appendage samples were downloaded from the GEO database. The top 5,000 lncRNAs/mRNAs with the highest variance were used to construct a gene co-expression network using the WGCNA method. AF susceptibility- or persistence-associated modules were identified by correlating the module eigengene with the atrial rhythm phenotype. Using a module-specific manner, ceRNA pairs of lncRNA-mRNA were predicted. The RWR-M algorithm was applied to calculate the proximity between lncRNAs and known AF protein-coding genes. Random forest classifiers, based on the expression value of key lncRNA-associated ceRNA pairs, were constructed and validated against an independent data set. Results: From the 21 identified modules, magenta and tan modules were associated with AF susceptibility, whereas turquoise and yellow modules were associated with AF persistence. ceRNA networks in magenta and tan modules were primarily involved in the inflammatory process, whereas ceRNA networks in turquoise and yellow modules were primarily associated with electrical remodeling. A total of 106 previously identified AF-associated protein-coding genes were found in the ceRNA networks, including 16 that were previously implicated in the genome-wide association study. Myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) and LINC00964 were prioritized as key lncRNAs through RWR-M. The classifiers based on their associated ceRNA pairs were able to distinguish AF from sinus rhythm with respective AUC values of 0.810 and 0.940 in the training set and 0.870 and 0.922 in the independent test set. The AF-related single-nucleotide polymorphism rs35006907 was found in the intronic region of LINC00964 and negatively regulated the LINC00964 expression. Conclusion: Our study constructed AF susceptibility- and persistence-associated ceRNA networks, linked genetics with epigenetics, identified MIAT and LINC00964 as key lncRNAs, and constructed random forest classifiers based on their associated ceRNA pairs. These results will help us to better understand the mechanisms underlying AF from the ceRNA perspective and provide candidate therapeutic and diagnostic tools.

/pdf/identifying-cerna-networks-associated-with-the-265fdwqy09.pdf

Identifying ceRNA Networks Associated With the Susceptibility and Persistence of Atrial Fibrillation Through Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis.

Cardiac cytokine therapy? Relevance of targeting inflammatory mediators to combat cardiac arrhythmogenic remodeling.

Role of IL-17A in different stages of ischemic stroke.

432 Patients with no symptomatic AF recurrence or ir‐ regular pulse and those requiring no antiarrhyth‐ mic agent after the blanking period were assigned into the “no ‐recurrence group.” Patients with AF recurrence were assigned to the “AF ‐recurrence group.” Blood samples were taken from patients on the morning of CA (at 6:00 AM), the next day after CA, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months af‐ ter CA, and following symptom recurrence. Se‐ rum levels of IL ‐17A, N ‐terminal fragment of the prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐ ‐proBNP), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP‐ ‐9), procollagen type I, and procollagen type III were measured using a commercial biotin–avi‐ din based sandwich enzyme ‐linked immunosor‐ bent assay (eBiosciences, San Diego, California, United States).

/pdf/interleukin-17a-contributes-to-atrial-fibrillation-4sneicfpfg.pdf

Interleukin-17A contributes to atrial fibrillation recurrence and left atrial reservoir function after catheter ablation.

The treatment of ischaemic stroke increasingly relies upon endovascular procedures known as mechanical thrombectomy (MT), which consists in capturing and removing the clot with a catheter-guided stent while at the same time applying external aspiration with the aim of reducing haemodynamic loads during retrieval. However, uniform consensus on procedural parameters such as the use of balloon guide catheters (BGC) to provide proximal flow control, or the position of the aspiration catheter is still lacking. Ultimately the decision is left to the clinician performing the operation, and it is difficult to predict how these treatment options might influence clinical outcome. In this study we present a multiscale computational framework to simulate MT procedures. The developed framework can provide quantitative assessment of clinically relevant quantities such as flow in the retrieval path and can be used to find the optimal procedural parameters that are most likely to result in a favorable clinical outcome. The results show the advantage of using BGC during MT and indicate small differences between positioning the aspiration catheter in proximal or distal locations. The framework has significant potential for future expansions and applications to other surgical treatments.

/pdf/a-multiscale-computational-framework-to-evaluate-flow-19fww5ob.pdf

A multiscale computational framework to evaluate flow alterations during mechanical thrombectomy for treatment of ischaemic stroke

Background & objective Tricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery was a common and difficult problem. Atrial fibrillation was considered to be an important etiology of tricuspid regurgitation. His-Purkinje system pacing (HPSP) was a physiological pacing method, which could prevent and treat heart failure and might reduce tricuspid regurgitation. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of HPSP on tricuspid regurgitation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation after left-sided valve surgery. Methods This study was a retrospective study. The 3-year patient review focused on those who underwent permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation of HPSP after mitral valve and/or aortic valve replacement from Jan 1st, 2019 to Jan 1st, 2022. HPSP included His bundle pacing (HBP) or left bundle branch pacing (LBBP). Clinical data collected included electrocardiogram, pacing parameters, ultrasonic cardiogram parameters and chest x-ray at implantation and 3-month follow up. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis of tricuspid regurgitation velocity were performed. Results A total of 44 patients was retrospectively reviewed. Eight patients who had undergone implantation of HPSP after left-sided heart valve replacement were enrolled in the study. All patients had persistent atrial fibrillation. Three of them received HBP and five underwent LBBP. At 3-month follow-up, the tricuspid regurgitation grade was significantly lower than that before implantation (P = 0.007). The tricuspid regurgitation velocity significantly decreased (317 ± 74 cm/s vs. 261 ± 52 cm/s, P = 0.022) and tricuspid valve pressure gradient (PG) reduced (42 ± 21 mmHg vs. 28 ± 10 mmHg, P = 0.040). The cardiothoracic ratio of patients was significantly lower than that before implantation (0.61 ± 0.08 vs. 0.64 ± 0.09, P = 0.017). The NYHA classification of patients also improved (P = 0.013). In multivariate liner regression analysis, the pacing ratio (β = 0.736, P = 0.037) was an independent determinant of tricuspid regurgitation velocity variation. Conclusion HPSP might reduce tricuspid regurgitation and improve cardiac function in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation after left-sided valve surgery.

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1049482/pdf

His-Purkinje system pacing reduced tricuspid regurgitation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation after left-sided valve surgery

Quantitative evaluation of myocardial layer-specific strain using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography among young adults with essential hypertension in China.

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Papers

Interleukin-17A contributes to atrial fibrillation recurrence and left atrial reservoir function after catheter ablation.

A multiscale computational framework to evaluate flow alterations during mechanical thrombectomy for treatment of ischaemic stroke

His-Purkinje system pacing reduced tricuspid regurgitation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation after left-sided valve surgery

Quantitative evaluation of myocardial layer-specific strain using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography among young adults with essential hypertension in China.