Intracardiac leiomyomatosis is rare but has been increasingly reported in recent years. Owing to its rarity, intracardiac leiomyomatosis has been reported only as isolated case reports and case series. This disorder is thought to be underestimated and easily overlooked in the clinic, while it is dangerous owing to the risk of sudden death caused by total outflow tract obstruction. We performed an electronic literature search for intracardiac leiomyomatosis and identified 194 cases that were reported in English from 1974 (the first reported case) to September 2012. Our aim is to provide a detailed and comprehensive review of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, histopathological characterization, treatment and prognosis of this disorder. According to our analysis, intracardiac leiomyomatosis is most common in the fifth decade, and the mean age of detection is ~50 years. Most patients had undergone previous hysterectomy/myomectomy or had a coexisting uterine leiomyoma when admitted. The most common clinical presentations were dyspnoea, syncope, oedema of the lower extremities and palpitation. Transoesophageal echocardiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful in the preoperative diagnosis and to guide the surgical management. Complete removal guarantees an excellent outcome, with no recurrence or postoperative death, while incomplete removal leads to recurrence in one-third of patients. Anti-oestrogen therapy is not imperative after incomplete removal owing to its inability to prevent recurrence.

Intracardiac leiomyomatosis: a comprehensive analysis of 194 cases

Cardiac Hemangioma: A Comprehensive Analysis of 200 Cases.

Clinical presentation and treatment of cardiac myxoma in 153 patients.

Cardiac paraganglioma is a rare entity. We review the clinical data from 158 patients reported in 132 isolated papers, and discuss clinical presentations, imaging findings, pathology, location, therapy, and outcomes. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12455 (J Card Surg 2015;30:55–60)

Cardiac Paragangliomas: ACQUIRED CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

Primary cardiac synovial sarcoma.

Objective: Cardiac myxomas are the most common primary neoplasms of heart. The present study was performed on the 61 cases of patients with cardiac myxoma, in order to investigate the tumors’ clinical and pathological features, and to identify the relationship between the pathological characteristics and clinical behaviors. Methods: A total of 61 cardiac myxoma cases were analyzed and reviewed retrospectively, including the clinical presentations, physical examinations, and echocardiography, electrocardiography, and pathology documents. Results: The total patient cohort was made up of 37 women and 24 men. The average age at diagnosis was 48.8 years in males and 51.9 years in females. The most common complaint was dyspnea (37 cases, 60.7%) and the most common sign was systolic murmur (30 cases, 49.2%). Two surface structures and three tumor cell arrangement patterns were observed, and statistical analysis revealed the surface structure was related to the cell arrangement pattern. However, neither the cell arrangement pattern nor the tumor surface structure showed a significant correlation with the clinical presentation. Conclusions: The present study showed the pathological profiles of cardiac myxomas were not related to the clinical presentations. The results of our study indicate morphologic classifications of cardiac myxomas may not be significant for clinical practice.

Clinicopathologic analysis of cardiac myxomas: Seven years’ experience with 61 patients

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Clinicopathologic analysis of cardiac myxomas: Seven years’ experience with 61 patients

Primary cardiac synovial sarcoma.