Cancer is a complex disease that can affect different parts of the body. The rates of cancer have shown an increasing trend in the past decade. A majority of cancers are detected late, therefore becoming untreatable and resulting in significant mortality. Additionally, the lack of awareness about cancers, their risk factors, diagnostic modalities, and preventive measures contributes to increased burden among people. Despite significant developments in the therapeutic and comprehensive management of cancers, the cause for concern is the lack of medication adherence. This is majorly attributed to the adverse effects of the medication, the cost of the drugs, and other reasons. This review comprehensively discusses various aspects of cancer medication adherence that include therapeutic modalities for treating cancers, factors influencing medication adherence, barriers, and facilitators to medication adherence.

Medication Adherence in Cancer Patients: A Comprehensive Review

Stable transgenesis is a transformative tool in model organism biology. While the sea urchin is one of the oldest animal models in cell and developmental biology, studies in this animal have largely relied on transient manipulation of wild animals, without a strategy for stable transgenesis. Here we build on recent progress to develop a more genetically tractable sea urchin species, Lytechinus pictus and establish a robust transgene integration method. Three commonly used transposons (Minos, Tol2, piggyBac) were tested for non-autonomous transposition, using plasmids containing a polyubiquitin promoter upstream of a H2B-mCerulean nuclear marker. Minos was the only transposable element that resulted in significant expression past metamorphosis. F0 animals were raised to sexual maturity and spawned to determine germline integration, transgene inheritance frequency, and to characterize expression patterns of the transgene in F1 progeny. The results demonstrated transgene transmission through the germline, the first example of a germline transgenic sea urchin, and indeed of any echinoderm. This milestone paves the way for the generation of diverse transgenic resources that will dramatically enhance the utility, reproducibility, and efficiency of sea urchin research. 

Stable germline transgenesis using the Minos Tc1/mariner element in the sea urchin, Lytechinus pictus



Treatment recommendations for cancer patients are carried out according to clinical assessment, type and stage of cancer and treatment guidelines. However, many patients do not accept the recommendations. This raises obstacles in managing of cancers, which not only affects the patients, but also the family and people around the patients. This problem could increase morbidity, mortality and recurrence rate, which might result in lower quality of life. Since this condition is a complex problem, there is necessity to explore and determine various determinants from different levels. The aim of this systematic  review was to explore the acceptances of cancer treatments among cancer patients and its associated determinants. Articles published from 2010 to 2023 were searched in four databases: ScienceDirect, Medline, Google Scholar and PubMed. Articles written in English and focussing on three main cancer treatments (surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy) were eligible.  A narrative approach was used and the data were analysed into selected themes. Data suggest that several factors influence patient acceptance for cancer therapy including sociodemographic, economic and spiritual cultural backgrounds; patient knowledge and perceptions; community support, as well as policy and availability of health facilities.  The determinants consist of individual, interpersonal, institutional, community and public policy level and interaction between levels are contributing to cancer treatment acceptance. In conclusion, cancer treatment acceptance remains a problem in particular in low middle income countries. In addition, the data on radiotherapy referral acceptance were limited and needed further study.



pdf/treatment-acceptance-and-its-associated-determinants-in-2mdnrjwyor.pdf

Treatment acceptance and its associated determinants in cancer patients: A systematic review

Caregivers' contribution to self-care for patients treated with oral anticancer agents: A qualitative descriptive study.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2023.100620

An eHealth ecosystem for stepped and early psychosocial care in advanced lung cancer: Rationale and protocol for a randomized control trial

A Qualitative Exploration of Medication Experience and Factors Contributing to Adherence to Oral-Targeted Therapy Among Lung Cancer Survivors.

A fundamental question in ecology is how organisms survive food deprivation. In the ocean, climate change is impacting the phenology of food availability for early life-history stages of animals. In this study, we undertook an integrative analysis of larvae of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus-an important keystone species in marine ecology and a molecular biological model organism in developmental biology. Specifically, to identify the mechanisms of resilience that maintain physiological state and the ability of organisms to recover from food deprivation, a suite of molecular biological, biochemical, physiological and whole organism measurements was completed. Previous studies focused on the importance of energy reserves to sustain larvae during periods of food deprivation. We show, however, that utilization of endogenous energy reserves only supplied 15% of the metabolic requirements of long-term survival (up to 22 days) in the absence of particulate food. This large energy gap was not supplied by larvae feeding on bacteria. Estimates of larval ability to transport dissolved organic matter directly from seawater showed that such substrates could fully supply metabolic needs. Integrative approaches allowed for filtering of gene expression signatures, linked with gene network analyses and measured biochemical and physiological traits, to identify biomarkers of resilience. We identified 14 biomarkers related to nutrition-responsive gene expression, of which a specific putative amino acid transporter gene was quantified in a single larva experiencing continuous nutritional stress. Advances in applications of gene expression technologies offer novel approaches to determine the physiological state of marine larval forms in ecological settings undergoing environmental change. 

Integrative biological analyses of responses to food deprivation reveal resilience mechanisms in sea urchin larvae.

Abstract Long life is standardly assumed to be associated with high stress tolerance. Previous work shows that the copepod Tigriopus californicus breaks this rule, with longer life span under benign conditions found in males, the sex with lower stress tolerance. Here, we extended this previous work, raising animals from the same families in food‐replete conditions until adulthood and then transferring them to food‐limited conditions until all animals perished. As in previous work, survivorship under food‐replete conditions favored males. However, under food deprivation life span strongly favored females in all crosses. Compared to benign conditions, average life span under nutritional stress was reduced by 47% in males but only 32% in females. Further, the sex‐specific mitonuclear effects previously found under benign conditions were erased under food limited conditions. Results thus demonstrate that sex‐specific life span, including mitonuclear interactions, are highly dependent on nutritional environment.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/ece3.8822

Food deprivation exposes sex‐specific trade‐offs between stress tolerance and life span in the copepod Tigriopus californicus

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A Qualitative Exploration of Medication Experience and Factors Contributing to Adherence to Oral-Targeted Therapy Among Lung Cancer Survivors.

Integrative biological analyses of responses to food deprivation reveal resilience mechanisms in sea urchin larvae.

Food deprivation exposes sex‐specific trade‐offs between stress tolerance and life span in the copepod Tigriopus californicus