Resumen: En Colombia –un país bioculturalmente diverso y con profundas inequidades– se proyecta ampliar el uso de pagos por servicios ambientales (PSA). Esta investigación identifica los factores que influenciaron la implementación de uno de los primeros PSA desarrollados en Colombia, durante 2009-2014, en la cuenca del río Cali. Se aplicó el marco de sistemas socioecológicos (SSE), un marco que ha sido escasamente aplicado al análisis de PSA. Se realizaron 15 entrevistas a expertos y participantes del PSA y se revisó información secundaria asociada al programa. A través de un análisis de contenido, se identificó que influenciaron positivamente la implementación del PSA: la calidad y la importancia atribuida a los servicios hídricos; la participación y liderazgo de organizaciones no gubernamentales y comunitarias; y la convergencia del programa con cosmovisiones y valores proambientales. Algunos factores con influencia negativa fueron: conflictos entre actores comunitarios; reglas nacionales asociadas a la tenencia de la tierra; y los altos costos de oportunidad asociados al uso del suelo que enfrentan pequeños propietarios. El marco de los SSE contribuye a analizar la multiplicidad de resultados emergentes –ecológicos, sociales, económicos y políticos– de la implementación del PSA, los cuales frecuentemente son omitidos en diseños con énfasis en aspectos técnicos. 

Implementación de pagos por servicios ambientales en la Cuenca del río Cali, Colombia: una mirada desde los sistemas socioecológicos

Socioecological conflicts in Mexico: Trends and gaps in the regional analysis

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Socioecological conflicts in Mexico: Trends and gaps in the regional analysis