Epidemiological studies suggested that the low incidence of certain chronic diseases in rice-consuming regions of the world might be associated with the antioxidant compound contents of rice. The molecules with antioxidant activity contained in rice include phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid. This review provides information on the contents of these compounds in rice using a food composition database built from compiling data from 316 papers. The database provides access to information that would have otherwise remained hidden in the literature. For example, among the four types of rice ranked by color, black rice varieties emerged as those exhibiting the highest antioxidant activities, followed by purple, red, and brown rice varieties. Furthermore, insoluble compounds appear to constitute the major fraction of phenolic acids and proanthocyanidins in rice, but not of flavonoids and anthocyanins. It is clear that to maximize the intake of antioxidant compounds, rice should be preferentially consumed in the form of bran or as whole grain. With respect to breeding, japonica rice varieties were found to be richer in antioxidant compounds compared with indica rice varieties. Overall, rice grain fractions appear to be rich sources of antioxidant compounds. However, on a whole grain basis and with the exception of γ-oryzanol and anthocyanins, the contents of antioxidants in other cereals appear to be higher than those in rice.

/pdf/rice-antioxidants-phenolic-acids-flavonoids-anthocyanins-1ybtlk419j.pdf

Rice antioxidants: phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid

The growth of the biobased economy will lead to an increase in new biorefinery activities. All biorefineries face the regular challenges of efficiently and economically treating their effluent to be compatible with local discharge requirements and to minimize net water consumption. The amount of wastes resulting from biorefineries industry is exponentially growing. The valorization of such wastes has drawn considerable attention with respect to resources with an observable economic and environmental concern. This has been a promising field which shows great prospective toward byproduct usage and increasing value obtained from the biorefinery. However, full-scale realization of biorefinery wastes valorization is not straightforward because several microbiological, technological and economic challenges need to be resolved. In this review we considered valorization options for cereals based biorefineries wastes while identifying their challenges and exploring the opportunities for future process.

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es402395g

Valorization of Cereal Based Biorefinery Byproducts:Reality and Expectations

Background Rice by-products, including straw, husk and bran, are generated through rice cultivation and rice milling processes and have been considered as rich sources of bioactive compounds, such as essential amino acids, phenolics, flavonoids, vitamin E and γ-oryzanol. These compounds are generating interest due to their potential beneficial effects on human health, in addition to their antioxidant capability for improving the storage stability of foods. Nevertheless, a large amount of rice by-products is not efficiently utilized, which leads to economic waste and environmental problems. Scope and approach This review presents an overview of recent studies on the extraction and application of bioactive compounds from rice by-products. Several extraction techniques, including extraction solvents, have been developed and optimized in recent studies to provide greater chemical properties and antioxidant activity to the extracts. Further, the utilization of extracted bioactive compounds from rice by-products in the food and pharmaceutical industries is also highlighted in this review. Key findings and conclusions The utilization of waste and by-products from rice cultivation and commercial rice processing has generated increased interest as a means to improve human health, increase farmer income, and reduce environmental pollution. Bioactive compounds from these byproducts can be used in many ways, such as for food colorants, food enrichment, food preservatives, anti-cancer agents, or anti-inflammatory agents. In addition, they can also be applied as alternative compounds, instead of synthetic food additives or drugs.

Bioactive compounds from by-products of rice cultivation and rice processing: Extraction and application in the food and pharmaceutical industries

Review of the rice production cycle: by-products and the main applications focusing on rice husk combustion and ash recycling.

Our study was centred on the increasing literature associated with rice by-products and main components, especially those intended to combat cancer, improve plasma lipid levels or control the blood glucose levels. Rice byproducts, such as rice straw, rice husks, rice bran, rice germ and broken rice, are extensively abundant agricultural wastes from the rice industry, and the percentage of their production depends on the milling rate and type of rice. Among all rice by-products, rice bran has been extensively studied. It contains phytochemicals such as γ-oryzanol, vitamin E, mainly tocotrienols and dietary fibre. This paper reviews the existing literature on the potential role of rice by-products, focusing not only on the role of rice bran but also on the roles of other rice by-products, such as rice germ and rice husk, in the management of the diseases, investigating their various potential uses in the food industry and all possible properties that may contribute to these effects.

/pdf/by-products-of-rice-processing-an-overview-of-health-5dpiixp4nj.pdf

By-products of rice processing: an overview of health benefits and applications

Chemical Compositions, Phytochemicals, and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice Bran, Rice Bran Layer, and Rice Germ

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Natcha Daomukda

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Chemical Compositions, Phytochemicals, and Antioxidant Capacity of Rice Bran, Rice Bran Layer, and Rice Germ