Materials for hydrogen-based energy storage – past, recent progress and future outlook

The use of metal hydrides in fuel cell applications

Use of low-cost UAV photogrammetry to analyze the accuracy of a digital elevation model in a case study

Pyrolysis gases produced from individual and mixed PE, PP, PS, PVC, and PET—Part I: Production and physical properties

A set of chitosan-g-poly(acrylic acid)/rice husk ash hydrogel composites was successfully employed as methylene blue (MB) adsorbent. Maximum MB adsorption capacity of 1952 mg/g of dried hydrogel was obtained with the composite at 5 wt% of rice husk ash (RHA) at pH ≥ 5. The adsorption capacity varied from 1450 to 1950 mg/g with increasing the initial MB concentration from 1500 to 2500 mg/L. The MB removal efficiency was higher than 90% for all samples. At pH ≥ 5, negatively charged groups (–COO−) in the adsorbent were generated, which could strongly interact with the positive charges from MB, favoring adsorption. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model, which is based on the chemisorption phenomenon, reaching saturation as fast as 1 h of experiments due to the formation of an adsorbed MB monolayer, as suggested by the Langmuir isotherm model (type I). Desorption experiments showed that 75% of loaded MB can be removed from the adsorbent by immersing it in a pH 1 solution. CHT-g-PAAc/RHA5% composite was submitted to five cycles of adsorption/desorption, maintaining its MB removal efficiency at 91%. Therefore, chitosan-g-poly(acrylic acid)/RHA hydrogel composites present outstanding capacity to be employed in the remediation of MB-contaminated wastewaters.

Methylene Blue Adsorption on Chitosan-g-Poly(Acrylic Acid)/Rice Husk Ash Superabsorbent Composite: Kinetics, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamics

The article presents the analysis of the 1D flow of compressible fluid by means of analytical and numerical methods. The results from the solution showed that the calculation of dimensionless velocity for particular flow conditions varies in the area of subsonic flow only a very little, when using both methods. It was found that the dependence of dimensionless velocity on the relative duration of the investigated tunnel applies universally. For any proportional value of the tunnel length x/L and the constant ratio of outlet and inlet cross section of the tunnel level equal to 0.6474, the course of the dimensionless velocity for each tunnel, which satisfies the above condition, will always be the same. This means that also the nature of flow in any such tunnel will exhibit the same properties. This finding provides new knowledge from the analysis of air flow through a channel with a variable flow cross section.

Analysis of the Subsonic and Supersonic Flow Using Analytical and Numerical Methods

This article describes the issue of hydrogen storage in the structure of metallic alloys and then solves the design and structural analysis in ANSYS Static Structural of low-pressure metal hydride steel vessel for hydrogen storage in metallic alloy based on MnTiVFeZr used for mobile applications.

Design of Metal Hydride Pressure Vessel

The article discusses the effect of a high concentration of CO2 on the kinetics of the hydrogen absorption and desorption process in the metal hydride alloy Hydralloy C5, on which research is being carried out on the ability of the metal hydride (MH) alloy to separate hydrogen from unwanted synthesis gas components. The focus is on the contamination of the alloy by the carbon dioxide, which is the main gas found in the mixture of unwanted gases after SYNGAS has been modified to increase the percentage of hydrogen in the gas mixture. Carbon dioxide, as a significant oxidant, significantly affects the kinetics of the selected metal hydride alloy. With the increasing percentage representation of the given gas in the mixture with hydrogen, the rate of deterioration of the alloy’s properties increases. The process of contamination of the alloy with carbon dioxide occurs by its decomposition into carbon monoxide and oxygen and subsequent oxidation of the surface layers of the alloy grains, which prevents or significantly degrades the passage of hydrogen into the structure of the metal hydride alloy.

Effect of CO2 concentration on the kinetics of the hydralloy C5

Potential Applications of Vitrified Slag as a Product of Plasma Arc Melting

In this article, an analytical solution to a hydraulic network with a wide range of pipe lengths (up to 10 km) is proposed. The Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method was applied with the aim of creating a regulation model for controlling both the flow rate of water from one of the two sources and the discharge pressure in the system. The system inertia requires an understanding of boundary conditions in the operation of pipeline networks, which must be known in order to regulate the required parameters with only minor deviations. The proposed model was compared to experimental data, while the mean absolute deviations in the individual system branches ranged from 1 to 5.19%. The created regulation model was subsequently tested by applying linear, sine and stochastic changes in the output load, while the ability to control the discharge pressure and the selected water flow rate was analysed. The effect of coefficient ε, which multiplies the effect of the difference between the measured and the predicted value of the discharge pressure on the boundary conditions of the discharge pressure in the system, was analysed in this paper. With the use of the proposed unsteady simulation of the fluid flow in the hydraulic system arranged in parallel and in series, the maximum deviation of the regulated pressure was 1.2% and the maximum deviation of the regulated flow rate was 5.3%.

Application of Unsteady Fluid Flow Simulation in the Process of Regulating an Industrial Hydraulic Network

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