Assessment of rice seed vigour using selected frequencies of electrical impedance spectroscopy

Weed biology and control.

The selection of high vigour seeds significantly affects stand establishment and initial plant growth, particularly in harsh environments. Several tests, including standard germination (SG), seed vigour index (SVI), germination under water and temperature stress conditions, radicle emergence (RE) counts, accelerated ageing (AA) and electrical conductivity (EC), were applied to evaluate the vigour of 12 seed lots of Festuca sinensis . The SG showed that all seed lots attained high germination ranging from 86 to 96%; no significant correlation was observed between SG and seedling emergence (SE) in field experiments over two years (2020 and 2021). The RE count at 88 hours, germination (15°C and -0.2 MPa) were the most correlated with SE ( r = 0.881 and 0.851, respectively, P &lt; 0.01), followed by AA (42°C for 48 hours) and SVI (0.836 and 0.753, respectively, P &lt; 0.01). Thus, RE counts at 88 hours, germination (15°C and -0.2 MPa), SVI and AA (42°C for 48 hours) accurately detect vigour difference of F. sinensis seed lots and provide similar data to those for SE in the field. 

Detection of seed vigour differences in Festuca sinensisseed lots

Kendala dalam pembibitan aren sekarang sudah dapat diatasi dengan beberapa input teknologi, diantaranya adalah dengan perendaman dan pelukaan biji. Kulit biji aren yang tebal dapat diamplas atau direndam dengan larutan tertentu sehingga pertumbuhan benih lebih cepat. Telah dilakukan penelitian perendaman dan pelukaan biji aren di laboratorium selama 2 bulan pada kondisi suhu rata-rata 26,5 o C dan kelembaban 82 %. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa daya kecambah yang baik yaitu menggunakan perendaman Atonik 10 % dan model pelukaan dengan amplas. Prosentase daya kecambah tertinggi adalah 81,25 %. Sedangkan rata-rata panjang akar yang baik  adalah menggunakan perendaman dengan air panas, M-Bio dan Atonik dengan cara pelukaan di amplas bagian kulit bijinya. Biji sudah mulai berkecambah dalam waktu 30 hari.

/pdf/percepatan-pertumbuhan-benih-aren-arenga-pinnata-wurmb-merr-jqjzzmgcyr.pdf

Percepatan pertumbuhan benih aren (arenga pinnata (wurmb.) merr.) melalui perendaman dan pelukaan biji

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the oldest domesticated crops known to mankind. It is the world’s most important food crop and a primary food source for over one third of the world’s population. World area under rice cultivation is about 162 M ha with a production of 755.5 Mt (FAOSTAT, 2019). India is the second largest producer and consumer of rice in the world. In India, rice occupies an area of 43.86 M ha with an annual production of 117.94 Mt (DAC & FW, 2019-20). Rice is the staple food grain crop of the North Eastern hilly ecosystem (Roy et al., 2015). The total area under rice cultivation in NE region is 3.38 M ha with a total production of 7051.3 t tonnes and average yield of 1977.86 kg ha -1 (Anonymous, 2018-19). Assam has the highest area under rice cultivation covering an area of 2.43 M ha with a total production of 5.2 M tonnes followed by Tripura with an area of 0.3 M ha and a total production of 0.8 M tonnes. However, the average productivity of Tripura 2944 kg ha -1 is much higher than that of Assam 2153 kg ha -1 (Anonymous, 2018-19). Rice is the most important staple food of Nagaland. Dimapur district is the highest rice growing district. Around 214.5 t International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 02 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com

Effect of Spacing and Age of Seedling on Yield of Rice under System of Rice Intensification

Fatonah K, Suliansyah I, Rozen N. 2017. Electrical conductivity for seed vigor test in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Cell Biol Dev 1: 6-12. The objectives of this study were to obtain electrical conductivity test method for seed vigor test in sorghum, to recognize relationship between electrical conductivity test and potassium leakage, and to recognize relationship between electrical conductivity test and other variable on seed vigor. This study have two step experiments. The objective of Experiment I was to determine accurate combinations of water volume and amount seed of the electrical conductivity test for seed vigor test in sorghum. Completely Randomized Design of 15 seed lots with 3 replications were used to determine electrical conductivity method with different vigor. Experiment II were to test electrical conductivity method of 21 seed lots of sorghum without accelerated aging test and 21 seed lots of sorghum were given accelerated aging test. Completely Randomized Design of 21 seed lots with 3 replications were used in Experiment II. The variable were observed : standard germination, field emergence, speed of germination, first count, conductivity, potassium leakage and eight combination conductivity method of water volume (50, 100, 150 and 200 ml) and amount of seed sorghum (50 and 75 seed count). The result of this experiments showed that electrical conductivity test method with 150 ml water volume and 75 seed count was accurate and suitable for sorghum seed vigor test; electrical conductivity test showed positive correlation with potassium leakage;and electrical conductivity test can be used for seed vigor test in sorghum and provided the potential of physiological seed were shown through : standard germination test, field emergence test, first count test and speed of germination with negative correlation.

/pdf/electrical-conductivity-for-seed-vigor-test-in-sorghum-2njd161u14.pdf

Electrical conductivity for seed vigor test in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)

Rozen N, Thaib R, Darfis I, Firdaus. 2016. Seed dormancy breaking of palm (Arenga pinnata) with various treatments and the evaluation of the growth of seedlings in the field. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 2: 27-31. Sugar palm is included versatile plant, so it is needed to be developed because until now there is no farmer cultivating sugar palm. Sugar palm only grows wild in the forests or in the hills. One benefit is the young fruits for sugar palm fruit. The cultivation of sugar palm is very difficult to be done because has seed dormancy until one year period, so it is needed to be broken. The purpose of this study was to obtain the sugar palm seed dormancy breaking treatment precisely and quickly. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were consisted of: (i) soaking the seeds in hot water at a starting temperature of 60oC for 6 hours, (ii) soaking the seeds in a solution of KNO3 3% for 6 hours, (iii) soaking the seeds in a solution of HCl 3% for 6 hours, (iv) soaking the seeds in H2SO4 3% solution for 6 hours, and (v) the erosion of the seed coat with sandpaper. The results showed that the erosion of the seed coat with sandpaper could break sugar palm seed dormancy for 32 days. The seed germination of sugar palm was about 16.8%, while the height of seedling in the field was about 37.8 cm at the treatment of erosion of seed coat with sandpaper.

/pdf/seed-dormancy-breaking-of-palm-arenga-pinnata-with-various-4l8gqnu9e3.pdf

Seed dormancy breaking of palm (Arenga pinnata) with various treatments and the evaluation of the growth of seedlings in the field

Rice is the primary carbohydrate source for half world population, particularly for Asian people, and rice demand also increases for non-Asian people Rice provides the bulk daily calories for humans and animals One of the problems in SRI method is weed Many efforts to control weed in the SRI method and one of the way island flooding before planting The objective of the research was to study the land flooding effect before planting in controlling weed to yield components of several rice varieties The research was conducted in farmer land of Kuranji and Laboratory of Weed Science, Department of Crop Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia from June to September 2019 A randomized block design was used in the experiment 5 rice varieties (Batang Piaman, Panca Redek, PB 42, Batang Pasaman, and Saganggam Panuah) were used as treatments The treatments were replied three times Generally, the result showed that land flooding before planting affected the yield component of rice For the length of the panicle, Panca Redek and Saganggam Panuah were the best variety (3018 cm and 2091 cm, respectively) For the weight of 1000 grains, Batang Piaman was the best variety (3567%), and Batang Piaman was also the best variety for the weight of dry grain (2833) For production per hectare, Batang Pasaman, Batang Piaman, and Saganggam Panuah were the best variety (504 ton, 492 to and 388 tons respectively)

Land Flooding Effect Before and After Planting on Rice Yield in the System of Rice Intensification

Kenagarian (West Sumatra traditional village) Andaleh is located at the base of Mount Marapi in Batipuh Tanah Datar District, West Sumatra. The main livelihoods of the population are farming by planting rice, vegetable crops, ornamental plants, and cinnamon. In general, farmers in this location increase the yield of vegetables (onion) using artificial fertilizers. Sometimes it requires limited chemical fertilizer, difficult to obtain and expensive. Of course, this will burden farmers in the production of onion is a daily necessity of the community. At this location, there are many titonia plants and agricultural waste. The solution given is agricultural waste and plant processing into compost. Compost can increase growth and yield of onion bulbs. The objectives to be achieved in Community Service and Empowerment Program (KKN-PPM) activities are 1) Making compost using straw and agricultural waste and its application as organic fertilizer when mapping the red plotters, 2) Applying agricultural waste compost in the cultivation of onion 3) Processing the onion bulbs into the fried onion. The methods applied were debriefing students, counseling, training and demonstration plots with farmers. Activities that have been carried out are counseling about good onion cultivation, counseling about the benefits of organic fertilizer (compost) to 1) improve soil improvement and sources of nutrients for plants. 2) training to make compost from straw and agricultural waste using Effective Microorganism EM-4, 3) supporting compost application in onion cultivation in farmers' fields and 4) processing of fried onion.

/pdf/empowerment-of-community-with-the-application-of-compost-on-azopoes3mm.pdf

Empowerment of Community with the Application of Compost on the Cultivation and Post-Harvest of Onion

Abstract. Chaniago N, Suliansyah I, Chaniago I, Rozen N. 2021. Morphological characteristics of local rice in Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 883-894. The preservation of local rice is essential to preventing genetic drain. In Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra, Indonesia, local rice is in great abundance. A total of 23 Deli Serdang local rice were collected and studied from coastal to highland areas. This study aims to determine the morphological characteristics of 23 local rice genotypes of Deli Serdang and to obtain superior characters to be developed into superior local varieties. A completely randomized design with three replicates was used in this study. Morphological characteristics of 23 local rice genotypes obtained various characters. The culm length was short to very long; culm diameter was thin to thick; the leaf-blade length was long to very long; leaf-blade width was intermediate to broad; culm number was low to high. The auricle, ligule, and collar were almost completely whitish, except for Sijambi yellowish-green and green, 2-cleft acute ligule shape. The harvest age was medium to deep. The grains were white, straw, gold, brown, brown spots, brown lines, and black. The pericarps were white, light brown, red, and black. Most of the organs indicated broad genetic variability having the opportunity to be developed into superior local varieties. All local rice was scattered into five groups based on morphological markers with a similarity of 32.12%.

https://smujo.id/biodiv/article/download/10181/5543

Morphological characteristics of local rice in Deli Serdang District, North Sumatra, Indonesia

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