These guidelines were developed jointly by the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the Surgical Infection Society (SIS), and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA). This work represents an update to the

/pdf/clinical-practice-guidelines-for-antimicrobial-prophylaxis-1gq1adk8ux.pdf

Clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery

/pdf/clinical-practice-guidelines-for-antimicrobial-prophylaxis-yxd0y9e4ks.pdf

Clinical practice guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgery.

Laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia and astigmatism: Safety and efficacy: A report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology

http://www.pesudovs.com/konrad/Docs/Solomon2009.pdf

LASIK world literature review: quality of life and patient satisfaction.

LASIK complications: etiology, management, and prevention.

Late traumatic dislocation of laser in situ keratomileusis corneal flaps

Purpose To assess the safety and effectiveness of wavefront guided LASIK surgery using the Visx WaveScan system for correction of low to moderate myopia with astigmatism. Setting Multicenter study at 6 sites in the United States. Methods In this prospective nonrandomized clinical trial, treatments were performed at 6 sites in the United States using the WaveScan (CustomVue) guided excimer laser. A total of 351 eyes were enrolled, and 277 eyes were analyzed at 6 months. Results At 6 months, 94% of eyes achieved an uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 20/20 or better and 74% achieved a UCVA of 20/16 or better. Sixty-nine percent of eyes had the same or better postoperative UCVA than their preoperative best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA). Ninety percent of eyes were within ±0.5 diopter of intended correction. No eye lost more than 1 line of BSCVA. Total higher-order root-mean square (RMS), coma, and spherical aberration values were stable (P Conclusion The data support the safety and effectiveness of the WaveScan-guided customized laser ablation using the Visx Star S4 system for correction of low to moderate myopia with astigmatism.

Wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis using the WaveScan system for correction of low to moderate myopia with astigmatism: 6-month results in 277 eyes

Purpose To review the cases of patients who had excimer laser refractive surgery to correct unintentional or undesired ametropia after cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Setting Wilmer Laser Vision Correction Center, Wilmer Eye Institute, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Methods In this retrospective noncomparative review of consecutive cases, the Wilmer Laser Vision Correction Center's database was searched for patients who had laser in situ keratomileusis or photorefractive keratectomy to correct ametropia after cataract extraction with IOL implantation. Results Using the Visx Star excimer laser system (Visx, Inc.), 11 procedures were performed in 11 eyes of 10 patients a mean of 47 months (range 2 to 216 months) after cataract extraction with IOL implantation. Except for 1 patient with a silicone plate lens, all patients received 3-piece poly(methyl methacrylate) lenses. The mean age at time of excimer treatment was 75 years (range 70 to 81 years). Before laser surgery, the mean spherical equivalent of patient eyes was −3.76 diopters (D) ± 2.50 (SD) (range −6.50 to +0.75 D), spherical refraction ranged from −9.00 D to plano, and the highest cylindrical refraction was +5.50 D. At last follow-up (mean 12.2 months; range 1 to 38 months), the mean manifest spherical equivalent was −0.88 ± 1.43 D (range −2.75 to +2.13 D). Changes in mean manifest spherical equivalent were highly significant (P = .03, Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired values). There was no difference between targeted and achieved postoperative refraction (P = .34, Wilcoxon test). Increasing age was correlated with a hyperopic shift (r = 0.525, P = .05). All patients were satisfied with their final uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), which improved in every case. Except for 1 patient in whom an epiretinal membrane developed, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity remained unchanged or improved. Conclusions In this series of patients, who were a few decades older than the typical excimer laser candidate, laser refractive surgery was a safe, effective, and predictable method to correct ametropia after cataract extraction with IOL implantation. It may be a viable, noninvasive alternative to intraocular surgery, which has potential complications. Although satisfactory for all patients, final UCVA was not as high as that reported in laser refractive surgery patients in general, and this result may be because of prior cataract extraction with IOL implantation or increased age.

Excimer laser surgery for correction of ametropia after cataract surgery.

PURPOSE To report clinical results and safety profiles of symmetrical intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS; Intacs SK, Addition Technology Inc) implantation in eyes with moderate to severe keratoconus. METHODS Interventional case series of 24 eyes from 22 patients implanted with Intacs SK using the femtosecond laser. Evaluation included uncorrected (UDVA) and corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, and Placido-based Scheimpflug imaging. Postoperative follow-up was 1 day, 1 week, and 1, 3, and 6 months. RESULTS Mean patient age was 28±7 years (range: 16 to 41 years). All eyes had keratoconus. Twenty-one of 24 eyes had 2, 450-μm symmetrical segments inserted. Mean UDVA and CDVA were significantly better at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively (UDVA: 20/340 preoperatively vs 20/70 at 6 months [P<.001]; CDVA: 20/70 preoperatively vs 20/40 at 6 months [P<.001]; UDVA analysis of variance [ANOVA]: F=6.46, P=.0057; CDVA ANOVA: F=5.24, P=.0138). Pre- and 6-months postoperative clinical results were: mean spherical equivalent refractive error -9.60±4.86 diopters (D) and -3.05±2.05 D (P<.001), respectively; mean refractive cylinder, -3.20±1.50 D and -1.55±1.10 D, respectively (P<.001); and mean average total corneal power 52.03±4.49 D and 46.95±4.61 D, respectively (P<.001). No complications occurred, and no patients were lost to follow-up. Eyes with steeper preoperative corneal keratometry readings had the greatest flattening in corneal curvature and thus the greatest decrease in myopic refraction (r=-0.4, P<.001). No correlation was found between preoperative thinnest corneal pachymetry and postoperative curvature flattening. CONCLUSIONS Implantation of Intacs SK for moderate to severe keratoconus is safe and effective, leading to significant decrease in myopia and appreciable decrease in astigmatism with improvement in CDVA.

Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segment SK for Moderate to Severe Keratoconus: A Case Series

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) with mitomycin-C (MMC) was performed in 2 patients with visually significant, complicated laser in situ keratomileusis flap striae. These striae had been resistant to multiple treatments, including stretching, suturing, and PRK. The visual symptoms in both patients resolved after PRK with MMC, and both patients were stable 1 year later. Wavefront-guided PRK with MMC may be a viable treatment for patients who have complicated flap striae resistant to standard measures.

Photorefractive keratectomy for refractory laser in situ keratomileusis flap striae

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