In 2020, the long-persisting Meiyu season around the Yangtze River (YR) started in early-June and ended in mid­–late-July. Its accumulated precipitation amount broke the record since 1961. We s...

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2020GL090342

Record-Breaking Meiyu Rainfall Around the Yangtze River in 2020 Regulated by the Subseasonal Phase Transition of the North Atlantic Oscillation

Unprecedented changes in the climate and environment have been observed in the three poles, including the North Pole, the South Pole, and the Third Pole–Tibetan Plateau. Although considerable data have been collected and several observation networks have been built in these polar regions, the three poles are relatively data-scarce regions due to inaccessible data acquisition, high-cost labor, and difficult living environments. To address the obstacles to better understanding the unprecedented changes in the three poles and their effects on the global environment and humans, there is a pressing need for better data acquisition, curation, integration, service, and application to support fundamental scientific research and sustainable development for the three poles. CASEarth Poles, a project within the framework of the “CAS Big Earth Data Science Engineering” program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, aims to construct a big data platform for the three poles. CASEarth Poles will be devoted to 1) breaking the bottleneck of polar data curation, integration, and sharing; 2) developing high-resolution remote sensing products over the three poles; 3) generating atmospheric reanalysis datasets for the polar regions; 4) exploring the synchronization, asynchronization, and teleconnection of the environmental changes in the three poles; 5) investigating the climate, water cycle, and ecosystem dynamics and the interactions among the multispheres in the polar regions and their global effects; and 6) supporting decision-making with regard to sea ice forecasting, infrastructure, and sustainable development in polar regions. CASEarth Poles will collaborate with international efforts to enable better data and information services for the three poles in the big data era.

/pdf/casearth-poles-big-data-for-the-three-poles-42ysjnaj9l.pdf

CASEarth Poles: Big Data for the Three Poles

The Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a slow-moving tropical mode that produces a planetary-scale envelope of convective storms By exciting Rossby waves, the MJO creates teleconnections with far-reaching impacts on extratropical circulation and weather Although recent studies have investigated the response of the MJO to anthropogenic warming, not much is known about potential changes in its teleconnections Here, we show that the MJO teleconnection pattern in boreal winter will likely extend further eastward over the North Pacific This is primarily due to an eastward shift in the exit region of the subtropical jet, to which the teleconnection pattern is anchored, and assisted by an eastward extension of the MJO itself The eastward-extended teleconnection enables the MJO to have a greater impact downstream on the Northeast Pacific and North American west coast Over California specifically, the multi-model mean projects a 54% increase in MJO-induced precipitation variability by 2100 under a high-emissions scenario The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is a band of convection that travels eastward through the tropics and impacts mid-latitude weather via teleconnections Under climate warming, these teleconnections are predicted to extend eastward in the Pacific–North America region, amplifying MJO impacts there

/pdf/amplified-madden-julian-oscillation-impacts-in-the-pacific-22kmjnpvhr.pdf

Amplified Madden–Julian oscillation impacts in the Pacific–North America region

\n Extreme precipitation events vary with different sub-regions, sites and years and show complex characteristics. In this study, the temporal variations, trends with significance and change points in the annual time series of 10 extreme precipitation indices (EPIs) at 552 sites and in seven sub-regions were analyzed using the modified Mann–Kendall test and sequential Mann–Kendall analysis. Three representative (extremely wet, normal and extremely dry) years from 1961 to 2017 were selected by the largest, 50%, and smallest empirical frequency values in China. The spatiotemporal changes in the EPIs during the three representative years were analyzed in detail. The results showed that during 1961–2017, both the consecutive wet or dry days decreased significantly, while the number of heavy precipitation days had no significant trend, and the other seven wet EPIs increased insignificantly. The abrupt change years of the 10 EPIs occurred 32 and 40 times from 1963 to 1978 and from 1990 to 2016, respectively, regardless of sub-region. The extremely dry (or wet) events mainly occurred in western (or southwestern) China, implying a higher extreme event risk. The extremely wet, normal and extremely dry events from 1961 to 2017 occurred in 2016, 1997 and 2011 with empirical frequencies of 1.7%, 50% and 98.3%, respectively. In addition, 1998 was the second-most extremely wet year (empirical frequency was 3.7%). The monthly precipitation values were larger from February to August in 1998, forming a much earlier flood peak than that of 2016. The 10 EPIs had close connections with Normalized Difference Vegetation Indexes during the 12 months of 1998 and 2016. This study provides useful references for disaster prevention in China.

/pdf/trends-change-points-and-spatial-variability-in-extreme-13m46bz9fp.pdf

Trends, change points and spatial variability in extreme precipitation events from 1961 to 2017 in China

Modulation of bay of bengal tropical cyclone activity by the madden-julian oscillation

Two dominant factors governing the decadal cooling anomalies in winter in East China during the global hiatus period

A significant Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) activity in the 2016 summer is observed with three MJO episodes corresponding to three stages of rainfall in China. The transition of the rainfall pattern is closely related to the propagation of the MJO. The atmospheric circulation linked to the anomalous rainfall can be modulated by the anomalous MJO convection through exciting a Rossby wave train and thus leading to the variability of the western Pacific subtropical high.

The Madden–Julian oscillation during the 2016 summer and its possible impact on rainfall in China

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Two dominant factors governing the decadal cooling anomalies in winter in East China during the global hiatus period

The Madden–Julian oscillation during the 2016 summer and its possible impact on rainfall in China