Over the last years, evidence has accumulated suggesting that by systematically reducing the amount of dietary carbohydrates (CHOs) one could suppress, or at least delay, the emergence of cancer, and that proliferation of already existing tumor cells could be slowed down. This hypothesis is supported by the association between modern chronic diseases like the metabolic syndrome and the risk of developing or dying from cancer. CHOs or glucose, to which more complex carbohydrates are ultimately digested, can have direct and indirect effects on tumor cell proliferation: first, contrary to normal cells, most malignant cells depend on steady glucose availability in the blood for their energy and biomass generating demands and are not able to metabolize significant amounts of fatty acids or ketone bodies due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Second, high insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 levels resulting from chronic ingestion of CHO-rich Western diet meals, can directly promote tumor cell proliferation via the insulin/IGF1 signaling pathway. Third, ketone bodies that are elevated when insulin and blood glucose levels are low, have been found to negatively affect proliferation of different malignant cells in vitro or not to be usable by tumor cells for metabolic demands, and a multitude of mouse models have shown antitumorigenic properties of very low CHO ketogenic diets. In addition, many cancer patients exhibit an altered glucose metabolism characterized by insulin resistance and may profit from an increased protein and fat intake. In this review, we address the possible beneficial effects of low CHO diets on cancer prevention and treatment. Emphasis will be placed on the role of insulin and IGF1 signaling in tumorigenesis as well as altered dietary needs of cancer patients.

/pdf/is-there-a-role-for-carbohydrate-restriction-in-the-s5dv2ohjyk.pdf

Is there a role for carbohydrate restriction in the treatment and prevention of cancer

Leczenie pacjentow z chorobą nowotworową obejmuje nie tylko odpowiednią terapie farmakologiczną, rehabilitacyjną, psychologiczną, ale takze dietetyczną, mającą na celu przeciwdzialanie procesowi wyniszczenia nowotworowego (kacheksji). W pracy omowiono badania na temat związku wysokiego ladunku glikemicznego diety z ryzykiem rozwoju poszczegolnych rodzajow nowotworow. Hiperglikemia poposilkowa, a wiec duze stezenie wolnej glukozy we krwi, wplywa w sposob znaczący na wzrost i proliferacje komorek nowotworowych. Sprzyja powstawaniu wielu zmian metabolicznych, tak na poziomie komorkowym, jak i tkankowym organizmu. Przewlekla hiperglikemia poposilkowa, wystepująca w cukrzycy typu 2, dodatkowo poteguje wszystkie te zmiany. Choc wyniki badan epidemiologicznych na temat powiązania ogolnego ryzyka rozwoju choroby nowotworowej czy poszczegolnych rodzajow nowotworow są niejednorodne, wiekszośc z nich wskazuje na podwyzszenie tego ryzyka wraz ze wzrostem ŁG diet. Badania wskazują takze na korzystny wplyw ograniczenia ilości latwo przyswajalnych weglowodanow w diecie na stabilizacje choroby oraz na lepszą tolerancje chemio- lub radioterapii przez pacjenta. Konieczne są jednak dalsze badania.

chorób nowotworowych The importance of glycemic load of the diet in the development of cancer

Modern medicine has developed many ways of treating cancer but, unfortunately, we are still a long ways from being able to successfully treat every patient. Some cancer patients may feel that their oncologists are not aware of other options while others may prefer a treatment that has not been approved for use in patients. The prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine in cancer treatment is surprisingly large and information regarding these treatments, whether true or false, is spread easily over the internet. In this review I hope to touch on a few of the most “popular” cancer treatments that can be found on the internet. By no means does this review cover even a small portion of those that can be found, and it is not meant to be a comprehensive review on any one of them. It should be viewed as a scientific snapshot of the current laboratory and clinical data that are available for these methods and to serve as a contrast to the hype, insufficient data, and incorrect information that can be found on any number of websites.

/pdf/vetting-the-internet-s-favorite-cancer-cures-4ju4yh6zu8.pdf

Vetting the Internet's Favorite Cancer Cures

/pdf/cancer-cells-are-sugar-addicts-4ysz0wyhhb.pdf

Cancer Cells Are Sugar Addicts

SažetakKetogenadijeta je jedna od mnogih popularnih dijetetskih režima danasnjice, ali i jednaod rijetkih koja je pokazala neke terapeutske ucinke Iako je u upotrebi jos odsredine 19 stoljeca, tek u novije vrijeme dobiva siri smisao i znacenjezahvaljujuci napretku znanosti i brojnim novim saznanjima o tretmanima raznihbolesti Režimom ketogene dijete izazivamo stanje organizma slicno gladovanju,jer su procesi i mehanizmi prilagodbe koji se odvijaju u tijelu identicni, samosto se pri ketogenoj dijeti ipak unosi hrana Kljuc svega je u strogoj restrikcijiugljikohidrata koje tijelo koristi kao osnovni izvor energije, pa je u slucajunjihovog kronicnog nedostatka primorano pronaci alternativni izvor tj ketonskatijela po kojima je sama dijeta dobila naziv Ketone tijelo dobivarazgradnjom slobodnih masnih kiselina unesenih kroz hranu ili iz vlastitihzaliha masnoca Kroz procese adaptacije tjelesni organi i tkiva prelaze sprimarnog metabolizma glukoze na metabolizam ketona i masti Međutim postojetkiva, kao sto su sredisnji živcani sustav i mozak, koja nikako ne mogu bezglukoze, pa tijelo glukozu stvara iz drugih tvari, preko određenih mehanizama utijelu Mozak primjerice može funkcionirati dobrim dijelom preko ketona, ali muipak treba minimalna kolicina glukoze koju tijelo stvara iz drugih izvora, ukolikosu ugljikohidrati vrlo ograniceni Ova dijeta uz prednostiima i nedostatke Zbog uvjeta u koje se tijelo postavlja, a slicni su stanjugladovanja, ova dijeta ima određene nuspojave koje traju sve dok ne prođeproces adaptacije i tijelo ne prebaci metabolizam glukoze na metabolizam mastiKod ketogene dijete pojavljuju se lakse nuspojave poput vrtoglavice, osjecajaletargije, slabosti i pada krvnog	  tlakapri ustajanju Isto tako postoje i kronicne nuspojave ketogene dijete kao stosu: opstipacija, deficit vitamina i minerala, oslabljenje imunosustava,promjene razine lipida u krvi i, rijetko, nastanak bubrežnih kamenaca Stoga,ova dijeta ima i svoje apsolutne kontraindikacije, a to su postojeci srcani ilibubrežni zdravstveni problemi Osobe s navedenim problemima bi se prijeprovođenja ketogene dijete trebale konzultirati sa svojim lijecnikom te ukolikose odluce na nju, provoditi ju pod ljecnickim nadzoromKetogena dijetakoristena je i u terapijske svrhe te je danas jedna od terapijskih metoda lijecenjaepilepsije u djece i odraslih	  Također,ova je dijeta u osnovi vrlo slicna prvim dijetetskim režimima koristenim zalijecenje dijabetesa prije otkrica inzulina, pa je tako pokazala odlicnodjelovanje u regulaciji secerne bolesti Nadalje, pokazala je ucinak prismanjenju nuspojava kemoterapije i zracenja i pri smanjivanju odnosnousporavanju rasta nekih tumora mozga kao i kod Alzheimerove i Parkinsonovebolesti, bipolarnog poremecaja, traume mozga i jos nekih drugih stanja, ali tapodrucja su trenutno jos nedovoljno istražena i nadamo se novim saznanjima ubliskoj buducnosti

http://hcjz.hr/index.php/hcjz/article/view/236/274

Utjecaj ketogene dijete na liječenje različitih bolesti

e13573 Background: Most aggressive cancers share a glycolytic phenotype associated with increased uptake of 18F-2-fluoro, 2-deoxyglucose (FDG) that may be detected by positron emission tomography (...

A pilot safety and feasibility trial of a reduced carbohydrate diet in patients with advanced cancer.

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A pilot safety and feasibility trial of a reduced carbohydrate diet in patients with advanced cancer.