This manuscript explores the influence of atomic structure on glass forming ability and thermal stability in binary metallic glasses. A critical assessment gives literature data for 628 alloys from 175 binary glass systems. The atomic structure is quantified for each alloy using the efficient cluster packing model. Comparison of atomic structure with amorphous thickness and thermal stability gives the following major results. Binary glasses show a strong preference for discrete solute to solvent atomic radius ratios R*, which give efficient local atomic packing. Of 15 possible R* values, only five are common and only four represent the most stable glasses. The most stable binary glasses are also typically solute rich, with enough solute atoms to fill all the solute sites and roughly one-third of the solvent sites. This suggests that antisite defects, where solutes occupy solvent atom sites, are important in the glass forming ability of the most stable glasses. This stabilising effect resul...

An assessment of binary metallic glasses: correlations between structure, glass forming ability and stability

Electrical Resistivity as a Descriptor for Classification of Amorphous versus Crystalline Phases of Alloys

The local atomic structure in the amorphous ${\mathrm{Al}}_{\mathit{x}}$(${\mathrm{Cu}}_{0.4}$${\mathrm{Y}}_{0.6}$${)}_{100\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$ and ${\mathrm{Mg}}_{\mathit{x}}$(${\mathrm{Cu}}_{0.4}$${\mathrm{Y}}_{0.6}$${)}_{100\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$ (0\ensuremath{\le}x\ensuremath{\le}85) alloys was determined by neutron-diffraction experiments. The electronic structure near the Fermi level was determined using the same samples by means of x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and soft x-ray spectroscopy. Both sets of data are combined to determine self-consistently and uniquely the local atomic structure in both Al- and Mg-based amorphous alloys. The bonding nature and resulting atomic environment are found to depend significantly on whether the third element is Al or Mg. Based on the atomic and electronic structures thus derived, we could interpret the Al or Mg concentration dependence of the crystallization temperature, electronic specific-heat coefficient, and also that of the resistivity value of 300 K. The origin of the appearance of a positive Hall coefficient observed in the Al-based amorphous alloys but not in the Mg-based amorphous alloys is also briefly discussed. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.

Experimental studies of atomic structure, electronic structure, and the electronic transport mechanism in amorphous Al-Cu-Y and Mg-Cu-Y ternary alloys

The effect of Al and Mg on the electronics tructure and electron transport properties of late transition metal-early transition metal type amorphous alloys has been clarified by analysing the data on amorphous Al x (Cu 04 Y 06 ) 100− x and Mg x (Cu 04 Y 06 ) 100− x alloys No sizeable chemical bonding effect is observed when Mg is introduced into the amorphous CuY matrix This explains the observed monotonic decrease in resistivity and electronic specific heat coefficient and the persistance of a negative Hall coefficient over the whole Mg concentration range In contrast, the electronic structure changes drastically when Al is introduced into it A combination of the X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and soft X-ray emission spectroscopy spectra led us to conclude that strong chemical bonding between Al and transition metals Y and Cu is formed and that this eventually results in the free-electron-like band structure in the Al-rich region The formation of AlY and AlCu covalent bonding and the resulting depletion of the Al 3p and Y 4d electrons at the Fermi level explains an increase in resistivity coupled with a sharp decrease in the electronic specific heat coefficient and also, possibly, the occurrence of a positive Hall coefficient in the amorphous AlCuY alloys

Electronic structure and electron transport properties of AlCuY and MgCuY amorphous alloys

This article reviews the research and development focus of metallic glasses in the field of biomedical applications. Metallic glasses exhibit a short-range ordered and long-range disordered glassy structure at the microscopic level, devoid of structural defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries. Therefore, they possess advantages such as high strength, toughness, and corrosion resistance, combining characteristics of both metals and glasses. This novel alloy system has found applications in the field of biomedical materials due to its excellent comprehensive performance. This review discusses the applications of Ti-based bulk metallic glasses in load-bearing implants such as bone plates and screws for long-term implantation. On the other hand, Mg-based metallic glasses, owing to their degradability, are primarily used in degradable bone nails, plates, and vascular stents. However, metallic glasses as biomaterials still face certain challenges. The Young’s modulus value of Ti-based metallic glasses is higher than that of human bones, leading to stress-shielding effects. Meanwhile, Mg-based metallic glasses degrade too quickly, resulting in the premature loss of mechanical properties and the formation of numerous bubbles, which hinder tissue healing. To address these issues, we propose the following development directions: (1) Introducing porous structures into titanium-based metallic glasses is an important research direction for reducing Young’s modulus; (2) To enhance the bioactivity of implant material surfaces, the surface modification of titanium-based metallic glasses is essential. (3) Developing antibacterial coatings and incorporating antibacterial metal elements into the alloys is essential to maintain the long-term effective antibacterial properties of metallic biomaterials. (4) Corrosion resistance must be further improved through the preparation of composite materials, while ensuring biocompatibility and safety, to achieve controllable degradation rates and degradation modes. 

A Review of the Development of Titanium-Based and Magnesium-Based Metallic Glasses in the Field of Biomedical Materials

The electronic structure and electron transport properties of a total of 21 amorphous MgNiLa and MgCuY alloys have been studied through the measurements of the XPS valence band, the low-temperature specific heat, electrical resistivity, Hall coefficient and the thermoelectric power. The results are compared with those on amorphous AlNiX (X = Ti, Zr and La) alloys reported earlier. It is shown that the Fermi level sits in the La and Y d-band and that the density of states of E F decreases monotonically with increasing Mg content over the whole Mg concentration range. This is by sharp contrast with the situation in the AlNiX system where the electronic structure near E F switches from d- to sp-electron dominant states across 65 at.% Al. This difference in the electronic structure is shown to be reflected in the observed electron transport properties.

Electronic structure and electron transport properties amorphous MgNiLa and MgCuY alloys

The electronic structure and electron transport properties of a total of 21 amorphous Mg-Ni-La and Mg-Cu-Y alloys have been studied through the measurements of the XPS valence band, the low-temperature specific heat, electrical resistivity, Hall coefficient and the thermoelectric power. The results are compared with those on amorphous Al-Ni-X (X=Ti, Zr and La) alloys reported earlier. It is shown that the Fermi level sits in the La and Y d-band and that the density of states at EF decreases monotonically with increasing Mg content over the whole Mg concentration range. This is by sharp contrast with the situation in the Al-Ni-X system where the electronic structure near E F switches from d- to sp-electron dominant states across 65 at.% Al

Electronic structure and electron transport properties of amorphous Mg-Ni-La and Mg-Cu-Y alloys

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Electronic structure and electron transport properties amorphous MgNiLa and MgCuY alloys

Electronic structure and electron transport properties of amorphous Mg-Ni-La and Mg-Cu-Y alloys