An exceptional Zinc(II)-organic framework with the formula [{Zn(L4-py)(bdc)}·DMF]n (Zn-MOF) has been constructed solvothermally using a novel linker L4-py {2,7-bis(3-(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)phenyl)benzo[lmn][3,8]phenanthroline-1,3,6,8(2H,7H)-tetraone}, coligand H2bdc (1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid), and ZnBF4·xH2O. The ligand L4-py has been fabricated after functionalization of NDA (1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride) core with 3-(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)phenyl group. The single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals that Zn-MOF exhibits a comprehensive three-dimensional (3D) framework architecture and features (4)-connected uninodal dia; 4/6/c1; sqc6 topology with point symbol {66} and two-dimensional (2D) + 2D, parallel polycatenation. Notably, Zn-MOF displayed excellent fluorescence phenomenon and stability in water as well as in methanol solvents and was harnessed as a versatile sensor, demonstrating selective and sensitive molecular recognition of flame retardants and antibiotics. Notably, Zn-MOF displayed 57 and 49.5% quenching efficiency for the flame-retardant pentabromophenol (PBP) and 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromobisphenol A (TBPA), respectively. Whereas an outstanding 90% quenching efficiency was observed for antibiotics, tetracycline (TC) and secnidazole (SD). The mechanistic investigations of this luminescence quenching suggest that this might be primarily occurring via the Fourier resonance energy transfer (FRET) and photoinduced electron transfer (PET) mechanisms, which might be assisted by the competitive absorption and host-guest interactions. The π-electron-rich framework structure of sensor Zn-MOF activates this mechanism.

Zinc(II)-MOF: A Versatile Luminescent Sensor for Selective Molecular Recognition of Flame Retardants and Antibiotics.

Functionalized Covalent Triazine Framework (CTF) for Catalytic CO2 Fixation and Synthesis of Value-Added Chemicals

The stability and catalytic activity of the amino-functionalized metal-organic frameworks based on Cu were tested in an organic reaction, Knoevenagel condensation. By utilizing different ratios of benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (H2BDC) and 2-amino-benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (NH2-BDC), the amine content was modulated for the synthesis. The amino-based MOFs synthesized with the 1 to 2, 2 to 1, and 1 to 1 ratio of BDC and NH2-BDC that NH2(33%)-Cu-MOF showed the best catalytic performance. The optimum balance between the amount of pore size and the basic amine sites of the framework was provided by this ratio. Also, the activity of catalysts was tested for various substrates' electron-withdrawing and electron-donating groups. Further analyses proved the stability of the NH2(33%)-Cu-MOF. After the catalysis process, the catalyst remained crystalline, and the stability of the framework was proved by PXRD patterns, proving it readily regenerated for the next cycle. Also, the catalytic mechanism has been checked. 

The role of mixed ligand approach in enhancing catalytic activity of copper-based MOFs in knoevenagel condensation

Under solvothermal conditions, three 3D lanthanide metal-organic frameworks (Ln-MOFs): [Eu(H 

Reaction Time Induced a Two-Step Dissolution and Recrystallization Structural Transformation with Three Eu Metal–Organic Frameworks: Crystal Structures and Multiresponsive Fluorescence Detection

NiAl-LDH/COF nanocomposite for catalyzing Knoevenagel condensation

Bifunctional metal-organic frameworks as selective turn-on fluorescence sensors for tryptophan and heterogeneous catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation reaction

In this study, a multi jet array cooling device with various heat sinks and local fluid extraction features has been characterized. The coupled thermal effects of design parameters were studied numerically using CFD software and validated experimentally using a well-calibrated setup. Moreover, the design of manifold and each heat sink configuration was optimized numerically using Gradient-based and Heuristic optimization techniques that would lead to the least thermal resistance and pumping power possible. Topology optimization was also used on the optimal design to further enhance the heat transfer characteristics. A comparative analysis on the optimized heat sinks was done to identify the key elements impacting the thermal resistance. Numerical results were compared with the experimental data and validated for different flow and heat flux conditions. A thermal resistance of 0.04 K/W was achieved at a volumetric flow rate of 2,000 ml/min with a pumping power of 30 mW using water as heat transfer fluid in the case of square pin fin configuration. The thermal resistance of the system was found to decrease with increase in liquid side surface area with the square pin fin configuration yielding the lowest thermal resistance. In addition to liquid side surface area, the design and topology of the surface also played a major role on thermal resistance of the design by impacting the surface velocity profiles. Radially aligned pin fin heat sink was found to have higher heat transfer coefficient than square pin heat sink. In summary, the combination of numerical simulation with topology optimization led to the design, fabrication, and characterization of an optimal multi jet array with a customized heat sink design.

Numerical and experimental investigation of multi jet impingement cooling system with optimized heat sinks

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Bifunctional metal-organic frameworks as selective turn-on fluorescence sensors for tryptophan and heterogeneous catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation reaction

Numerical and experimental investigation of multi jet impingement cooling system with optimized heat sinks