Meticulous procedures for the targeted synthesis of amorphous Se (α-Se) nanoparticles (NPs) and their rapid phase transformation limit their potential applications in optoelectronics and biomedical fields. Herein, we propose a quick 10 minute highly facile green approach, through which Se NPs of a particular phase as well as morphology can be synthesized in the host matrix of a neat room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL). Various characterization studies involving TEM, SEM, XRD and Raman mapping of NPs were conducted to examine their phase, morphology and stability. An interesting aspect of this methodology is the prolonged stabilization of amorphous Se NPs to months, which otherwise are prone to phase transformation in a few minutes to days, known hitherto. The RTIL used in the synthetic protocol played a 3-in-1 role of a solvent, a reducing agent, and a stabilizing agent. Meanwhile, the antioxidant properties of the Se NPs were also investigated, which revealed significant dependence of the radical scavenging activity on their phase and the morphology. Subsequently, the effect of the phase of the Se NPs on their anti-cancer efficacy was probed. Interestingly, the α-Se NPs outperformed their crystalline counterparts, showing significant cancer cell killing (up to ∼80%), while remaining benign to normal cells. In addition, the RTIL was purified and reused for the synthesis of the next batch of Se NPs.

A 10 minute approach for the phase specific synthesis of Se nanoparticles with tunable morphology: their anticancer efficacy and the role of an ionic liquid

Intense investigations are in progress globally towards the immobilization of radioactive and non-radioactive nuclear waste by their direct vitrification or by using novel glassy materials as an alternate shield In fact, the entire technologies and economies of nuclear waste immobilization have been envisaged in the future on the basis of these approaches Use of the glassy materials for shielding purpose is an important step towards realizing this vision The radiation-induced effects of γ-ray irradiation (60Co source, 4 kGy, 8kGy and 12 kGy doses) have been examined in a novel STS ChGA The physicochemical properties of present STS ChGA have been compared before and after γ-ray irradiation Analysis of the different properties reveals the non-linear and non-monotonic behavior with increase in the dose of γ-ray irradiation but it suggests the possibilities of the application of this novel material for radiation shielding In view of practical application in nuclear waste immobilization, the present finding reveals the possibilities for development of innovative ChGA based shielding system with stable and controlled parameters (like thermal stability, glass forming ability, crystallization rate, hardness etc) An attempt has been also made for understanding the mechanisms of radiation-induced effects in the present study

Characterization of novel SeTeSn Chalcogenide Glassy Alloy (STS ChGA) as shielding material: Case study of its resistance against γ-ray irradiation for nuclear waste immobilization applications

Physical aging (PhA) of disorder materials is still an important problem in areas of physics, chemistry and materials science for the study even nowadays. This work reports the results of some novel observations during the devitrification of the aged and as-quenched glassy selenium. Investigation of physical aging effect induced by natural storage up to 10 years aged Selenium glass has been carried out using the state of art experimental techniques (DSC, XRD, SEM, TEM and Raman spectroscopy). Further, the thermal stability, micro-hardness, density, fragility index and compactness of the aged and as-quenched glassy selenium have been determined to see the effect of aging on the glassy Se. The results show that there are significant changes in the mechanical behavior of g-Se due to physical aging.

Some novel results of physical aging studies in glassy selenium

Electrical and optical properties Cs-doped a-Se0.95As0.05 (stabilized a-Se that has been alloyed with As) have been investigated. As expected there was no electron paramagnetic resonance signal on Cs-doped films or bulk samples, which put the spin-active defect concentrations below 1015 cm−3. The Cs-addition to a-Se0.95As0.05, leads to the n-type doping of a-Se0.95As0.05 in the sense that the undoped material has μhτh>> μeτe whereas the alkaline doped material has μeτe>> μhτh. The Cs addition also leads to a reduction of the refractive index n and a reduction of the glass transition temperature Tg, and affects the temporal relaxation behavior of a-Se film thickness after annealing and sequential quenching. We have measured the refractive index dispersion, n(λ) versus λ, bandgap (Eg) and Urbach width (ΔE) for undoped and Cs-doped films at room temperature and at a temperature just below the glass transition temperature. The photoluminescence (PL) experiments confirm earlier experiments that the PL emission is a broad emission spectrum with a significant Stoke’s shift following roughly the ~ Eg/2 empirical rule. The present work confirms that Cs-doped and As-stabilized a-Se is n-type.

Optical and electrical properties of alkaline-doped and As-alloyed amorphous selenium films

Investigation of structural changes in AsxSe100-x amorphous thin films after electron beam irradiation with XAFS, XANES and Kelvin force microscopy

Molecular structure of Se-rich amorphous films

Study of some thermo-mechanical parameters in Se70Te30-xMx (x =0, 2; M = Cd, Ag, and Zn) alloys

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Molecular structure of Se-rich amorphous films

Study of some thermo-mechanical parameters in Se70Te30-xMx (x =0, 2; M = Cd, Ag, and Zn) alloys

N. Mehta

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Chat about Author

Papers

Molecular structure of Se-rich amorphous films

Study of some thermo-mechanical parameters in Se70Te30-xMx (x =0, 2; M = Cd, Ag, and Zn) alloys

Study of some thermo-mechanical parameters in Se70Te30-xMx (x =0, 2; M = Cd, Ag, and Zn) alloys