Plasma technologies have been utilized to improve the surface properties of fibres in many applications from textiles to fibre-reinforced composites since the 1960s. This review discusses the feasibility and characteristics of plasma technologies applied to fibre-reinforced polymer composites. The influence of various plasma treatments on the chemical and mechanical properties of different fibres as well as fibre-reinforced composites is described. The difference between polymer fibres and carbon fibres is emphasized to achieve good bonding between fibres and matrices and to enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. More sophisticated technologies such as microwave plasma and plasma-initiated graft polymerization are also discussed to highlight very recent developments.

Application of plasma technologies in fibre-reinforced polymer composites: a review of recent developments

Carbon fibers and composites with epoxy resins: Topography, fractography and interphases

Atmospheric pressure plasma processing has attracted significant interests over decades due to its usefulness and a variety of applications. Adhesion improvement of polymer surfaces is among the most important applications of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment. Reflecting recent significant development of the atmospheric pressure plasma processing, this work presents its fundamental aspects, applications, and characterization techniques relevant to adhesion.

Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Processing for Polymer Adhesion: A Review

Surface treatments have long been utilized to modify the chemical and physical structures of the surface layers of textile fibers, thus improving the properties of fibers in many applications. This review discusses the feasibility and characteristics of different methods of surface modification of polymeric textile fibers, focusing on tailoring fiber-matrix bond strength in fiber-reinforced composite materials. The influence of various treatments on the chemical and mechanical properties of different fibers is discussed. Some very recent developments in surface modification of textile fibers are highlighted.

Surface modification of textile fibers for improvement of adhesion to polymeric matrices: a review

Effect of new epoxy matrix for T800 carbon fiber/epoxy filament wound composites

A low-power plasma treatment has been adapted to work on a pilot plant scale to continuously treat a tow of carbon fibres. This treatment successfully increases fibre-resin adhesion to levels comparable it not higher than those obtained by commercial electrochemical treatments. One advantage is that the plasma treatment does not appear to affect the tensile properties of the fibre, unlike the electrochemical oxidation. We have also shown that the chemical groups introduced during air plasma treatment play a significant role in fibre-resin adhesion whereas those introduced by electrochemical oxidation do not. A possible explanation for this is that plasma treatments introduce chemical groups onto the immediate surface of the fibres that have the potential to react with the resin, whereas electrochemical oxidation occurs predominantly at the edge sites and proceeds into the sublayers of the fibre. The vast majority of the functional groups are therefore inaccessible to the resin. This type of plasma treatment, however, is unlikely to remove all of the weakly bound layers as in the case of electrochemical treatment because the sputtering capability of the plasma is very low. The tact that these conclusions can be drawn from both the single-fibre fragmentation test and the short-beam shear test is encouraging and goes to prove that both these tests are suitable for looking at trends in fibre-resin adhesion

Effect of low‐power air plasma treatment on the mechanical properties of carbon fibres and the interfacial shear strength of carbon fibre—epoxy composites

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Effect of low‐power air plasma treatment on the mechanical properties of carbon fibres and the interfacial shear strength of carbon fibre—epoxy composites