BACKGROUND: Research suggests that the prevalence of loneliness varies between countries and that feeling lonely may be associated with poorer health behaviours and outcomes. The aim of the current study was to examine the factors associated with loneliness, and the relationship between feeling lonely and health behaviours and outcomes in the countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU) - a region where loneliness has been little studied to date. METHODS: Using data from 18,000 respondents collected during a cross-sectional survey undertaken in nine FSU countries - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine - in 2010/11, country-wise logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine: the factors associated with feeling lonely; the association between feeling lonely and alcohol consumption, hazardous drinking and smoking; and whether feeling lonely was linked to poorer health (i.e. poor self-rated health and psychological distress). RESULTS: The prevalence of loneliness varied widely among the countries. Being divorced/widowed and low social support were associated with loneliness in all of the countries, while other factors (e.g. living alone, low locus of control) were linked to loneliness in some of the countries. Feeling lonely was connected with hazardous drinking in Armenia, Kyrgyzstan and Russia but with smoking only in Kyrgyzstan. Loneliness was associated with psychological distress in all of the countries and poor self-rated health in every country except Kazakhstan and Moldova. CONCLUSIONS: Loneliness is associated with worse health behaviours and poorer health in the countries of the FSU. More individual country-level research is now needed to formulate effective interventions to mitigate the negative effects of loneliness on population well-being in the FSU. Language: en

/pdf/loneliness-its-correlates-and-association-with-health-47q3hmihf6.pdf

Loneliness: its correlates and association with health behaviours and outcomes in nine countries of the former Soviet Union.

The phenomenon of personal social identity has been studied by researchers representing various research areas for a long time, which has helped accumulate an essential fund of knowledge on these topics. At the same time, cultural and historical changes that had resulted in scientific paradigm shifts underlay the necessity of considering the problematic area of the social identity of individuals within changing contexts, such as political, economic or cultural environments. Following the researchers, our authoring team has prepared the present article on the problems in characterizing the youth identity configurations at the current stage of Russia’s and global development. The main challenge of contemporary social live is its complicity and plurality of social roles the one should play. As a result, we face with so called “plural”, “floating” identity and therefore we have to solve the problem of identity’s configuration. It is very important for researchers especially when we study the youth. The authors try to present their version of identity’s configuration of Russian youth (especially students) that is based on theoretical and empirical study of the problem.

http://www.eurasianjournals.com/pdf-78131-14248?filename=Plural Character and.pdf

Plural Character and Versions of Configuration of Russian Youth Identity: Theoretical Framework and Empirical Studies

Transformation processes in Russia are giving rise to various forms of social disparity and differentiation, which often affects the interests and social status of the vulnerable groups, and orphans constitute one of those groups. This chapter explores orphan care and orphans’ housing needs in the context of social disparity in Russia. The first method used in this chapter is reviewing research of social disparity and housing policy in Russia. The second method analyzes the main policy guidelines and practices regarding orphan care and meeting their housing needs. The outcomes of the analysis and reviews presented in this chapter are based on the analysis of national and international legislation and official statistics. The principal idea of this chapter is to demonstrate that social adjustment skills and mobility of orphans, being affected by modern social disparity, are largely limited due to structural problems in the domestic economy, especially inner social policy with regard to orphans and their socialization.

Housing for Orphans Against the Backdrop of Social Disparity in Russia

Lower socioeconomic strata in Russia have their origins in both the former Soviet lower strata and economic decline of the 1990s. Part of the reason for their persistence is the geographic mismatch between jobs and the labor supply, in addition to lack of education, skills, and social support. The situation cannot be solved by just providing transfer payments.

/pdf/characteristics-of-the-russian-lower-class-1gzn21exbg.pdf

Characteristics of the Russian Lower Class.

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Characteristics of the Russian Lower Class.