Application of nanofluids in thermosyphons: A review

Effects of nanofluids on heat transfer characteristics of a two-phase closed thermosyphon

Cold metal transfer (CMT) arc with varied arc oscillation patterns was used to fabricate thin-wall AZ31 magnesium alloy components. The microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of wire-arc directed energy deposition (DED) AZ31 magnesium alloy samples with or without arc oscillations were investigated experimentally. The samples were prepared by two oscillation modes, spiral oscillation and asymmetric trapezoidal oscillation, and compared with the samples without arc oscillation. Finer equiaxed grains were observed in the samples with arc oscillations and the stirring action of arc oscillation might result in the grain refinement. No visible anisotropy was found in microstructure and mechanical property in the AZ31 magnesium alloy samples with arc oscillations, and its mechanical characteristics were similar to the as-forged AZ31 alloy. As compared to the samples without arc oscillation, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the arc oscillation sample increased from 70 to 90 MPa and from 196 to 233 MPa. In addition, the improvement mechanism of wire-arc DED components was discussed through the influence of arc oscillation on CMT wire-arc DED melt flow. 

Effects of arc oscillation on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy prepared by CMT wire-arc directed energy deposition

This research was designed to experimentally study the influence of using three metal oxide nanofluids at different high flow rates with various mass concentration of nanoparticles as the working fluid, on the thermal efficiency and pumping power of heat pipe solar collector (HPSC). The volume flow rate of the working fluid was 5, 8, 11, and 14 L/min. Also, mass concentration of nanoparticles was 0.5 and 1.167 g/L. Co-precipitation technique was employed to prepare CuO, Al2O3, and MgO nanoparticles. The optical and structural characterization of the nanostructure were considered by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-visible analysis. The thermal performance of the HPSC using metal oxide nanofluids and water was compared with the volume flow rate that varied from 5 to 14 L/min. It was observed that nanofluids improved the collector efficiency between 9 and 20% compared with deionized water. The present results revealed that the maximum efficiency was found to be 83% for a mass concentration of 1.167 g/L of CuO nanofluids and volume flow rate of 14 L/min. The HPSC efficiency shows better improvement with the increasing mass concentration of metal oxide nanoparticles and volume flow rate. Also, the increase rate of the pumping power and pressure drop is less than 0.9% for all of the nanofluids that were used as the working fluids. Results showed that the metal oxide nanofluids are appropriate for increasing the efficiency of HPSC.

Assessment of a heat pipe solar collector with nanofluids

Research advances on weldability of Mg alloy and other metals worldwide in recent 20 years

Influence of arc oscillation frequency on tensile properties and microstructural characteristics of magnetic arc oscillation welded AZ31B magnesium alloy joints

Performance of Two Phase Copper Thermosyphon Operated with Cerium IV Oxide and Iron II, III Oxide Nano Fluid using Box-Behnken Design

A thermosyphon is an efficient heat transfer device, which transports heat using gravity for the evaporation and condensation of the working fluid. In the present study the Box-Benhnken (BBD) design approach was chosen for the Two-Phase Closed Thermosyphon (TPCT) with CeO2 nanofluid using 0.1% volume of Nanofluid with surfactant of ethylene glycol. The experiment resulted in identifying the optimised set of parameters for 405SS TPCT, to achieve lower thermal resistance and better heat transfer. This work gains significance in the sense that with the number of experiments, reliable model has been generated validated and further, the process has been optimised with one objective which is thermal resistance. To obtain the optimum condition, the response surface methodology (RSM) through Box – Behnken (BBD) was applied.

https://www.ije.ir/article_72922_e8341562ca5247f7abd56c4a203751fd.pdf

Performance Investigation of 405 Stainless Steel Thermosyphon using Cerium (IV) Oxide Nano Fluid

The two-phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT), which is essentially a gravity-assisted wickless heat pipe, utilizes the evaporation and condensation of the working fluid inside the TPCT to transport heat. This experimental study was carried out to understand the thermal performance of circular finned thermosyphon using nanofluid with alcohol and was analyzed, compared with alcohol and base fluid DI water. The concentration of nanoparticle used in this setup was 110mg/lit of TiO2 combined with 0.2 ml of ethylene glycol. The heat input (Q) were 10W, 12W, 14 W and 16 W and the orientation 30°, 45°, 60° and 90°.The results demonstrate that TiO2 nanofluid with 0.2 ml of ethylene glycol improves the performance through reduction in thermal resistance by 85.86%.

Thermal Characteristics of a Circular Finned Thermosyphon Using Different Working Fluids

This paper reports on the use of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CEONP) as additive to the diesel fuel and the effects of their operational characteristics like performance and emission of the DI diesel engine. In this study, the tested fuels were prepared by blended cerium oxide nanoparticles into the diesel fuel at the mass fraction of 25ppm and 50ppm with the help of a mechanical homogenizer and an ultrasonicator. Based on the experimental results, HC, CO emissions and smoke noticeably decrease, while NOx emission dramatically increases with increasing the dosing level of cerium oxide nanoparticles. At the full load, the magnitude of HC and CO for the neat diesel was 104 ppm and 51 (% by volume), whereas it was 68 ppm and 20 (% by volume) for the CMNT50 fuel, respectively. The results also showed a significant enhancement in brake thermal efficiency and heat release rate due to the influence of the cerium oxide nanoparticles addition in diesel. Keywords— Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CEONP), Diesel Engine, Performance, Emission

Cerium Oxide Nano Particles as Addiditve with Diesel Fuel on DI Diesel Engine

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