Aim This study aimed to assess the nutritional values of corn stover and king grass (Pennisetum purpupoides) in complete feed on the productivity of male Ongole steer calves. Materials and Methods This study was conducted in two steps: Cattle adaptation and data collection. Cattle adaptation was carried out for 2 weeks, and the cattle were fed the experimental feed. The experimental feed was formulated into five combinations: R1 (50% king grass); R2(12.5% corn stover +7.5% king grass 50% concentrate); R3(25% corn stover+25% king grass); R4(37.5% corn stover+12.5% king grass); and R5(50% corn stover). All experimental feeds were added with 50% concentrate. Data were collected in five intervals, and each interval was of 4weeks. In every interval, weight gain and digestibility were measured every day, beginning from the 4thweek by collecting feces. Dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP) digestibility, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), body weight gain, and feed conversion data were analyzed. Results R4 and R5 treatment significantly increased (p<0.05) the feed nutritional value and weight gain of male Ongole steer calves. Interestingly, treatment with R4 had the maximum increase (p<0.05) on the digestibility value of each variable: DM, 68.85%; OM, 71.89%; CP, 73.90%; NDF, 59.10%; ADF, 55.35%; and weight gain, 0.61/gr/day. Conclusion R4 treatment found to be the best nutritional value for improving the productivity of male Ongole steer calves.

/pdf/assessment-of-the-nutritive-value-of-corn-stover-and-king-1klytthql2.pdf

Assessment of the nutritive value of corn stover and king grass in complete feed on Ongole steer calves productivity

The use of Mulato (Brachiaria mulato), a new improved grass that has currently been introduced in Indonesia, in goats feeding system is lacking. This study aimed to examine the effects of supplementation of different legume leaves on feed intake, digestibility and daily liveweight gain of goats given Mulato grass as the basal diet. Twenty four male Kacang goats of approximately seven months old with initial body weight of 15.85 ± 0.56 (SE) kg were used. The experiment was a randomized block design with four treatments, and each treatment was replicated six times. The goats were randomly distributed into six groups according to their initial body weight rank. The dietary treatments tested were: T1: Mulato grass ad libitum (M), T2: M + Desmantus pernambucanus leaves (1.5% of body weight/day) (MD), T3: M + Gliricidia sepium leaves (1.5% of body weight/day) (MG), and T4: M + Leucaena leucocephala leaves (1.5% of body weight/day) (ML). The animals were confined in individual metabolic crates during the study, which consisted of two weeks adaptation period and eight weeks measurement period. Parameters measured were feed dry matter intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), estimated metabolisable energy intake (MEI), metabolisable energy retention (MER) and daily liveweight gain (DLG). Results showed that supplementation with different legume leaves to the goats receiving Mulato grass significantly increased (P < 0.05) total DMI, DMD, MEI, MER and DLG of the animals. Total DMI for goats treated with T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 3.61%, 3.85%, 3.98% and 3.89% of body weight/day, respectively. Feed DMD for the four treatments were 57.68%, 63.66%, 65.74% and 64.81% for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. DLG were 51.98, 69.84, 84.92 and 75.40 g/day for goats treated with T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. It was concluded that supplementation of legume leaves to Kacang goats fed Mulato grass significantly increased feed DMI, DMD and the animals’ DLG, but there were no significant differeces among the legume leaves as feed supplements.

The Effect of Supplementation of Different Legume Leaves on Feed Intake, Digestion and Growth of Kacang Goats Given Mulato Grass

This experiment was conducted to examine the effect of various legume herbs supplementation on feed intake, digestibility and liveweight gain of fat-tailed lambs given Mulato ( Brachiaria mulato ) grass. Twenty four male fat-tailed lambs (8 months of age and 12.73± 0.56 kg (SE) of initial liveweight) were randomly allotted to four treatment groups based on unfasted liveweight.  Animals were housed in individual metabolism crates. The experiment was designed in a completely randomized block design, with four treatments and six replicates. The dietary treatment tested included Mulato grass ad libitum (M), M + Centrosema pascuorum  (MCP), M + Dolichos lab lab (MDL) and M+ Clitoria ternatea (MCT). All supplement was offered at 1.5% body weight (W) per day.  The experiment lasted for 10 weeks, with 2 and 8 weeks for adaptation and measurement period, respectively. The main parameter measured included feed intake, feed digestibility, and average daily liveweight gain (ADG).  Results showed that total DM intakes (DMI) were not affected (P>0.05) by legume herbs supplementation. Total DMI was 2.75, 2.79, 2.84 and 2.87 %W/d for lamb treated with M MCP, MDL and MCT respectively. In contrast, supplementation with various legume herbs significantly increased (P 0.05) between legume herbs.  Feed DMD was 58.17, 67.48, 64.91; 65.03% and ADG were 35.67; 58.39; 54.31 and 54.41 g/day, for lamb treated with M, MCP, MDL and MCT respectively. It was concluded that supplementation of legume herbs to fat-tailed lamb fed Mulato grass significantly increased DMD and ADG, but no significant differences across the legume herbs as feed supplements were observed.

http://animalproduction.net/index.php/JAP/article/download/784/pdf_1

The Effect of Various Legume Herbs Supplementation on Intake, Digestibility and Growth of Fat-tailed Lambs Given Mulato Grass

The main constraint of the Ettawa Crossbreed does management at the farmer level is that the forages as the only feed given because farmers are unable to provide another feed, which causes the failure to reach optimum productivity. In this study, the supplementary feed was added as a protein source concentrate to increase productivity. This study used ten does with a bodyweight of about 25 kg, divided into two groups. The first group (n=5) was the control group which the type and the amount of feed given was the usual feed given by farmers, while the second group (n=5) was the treatment group which the control group with supplementation of protein source concentrate. The study was done for eight weeks. In the fifth and sixth weeks, the total collection was carried out. The variables observed in this study were nutrient consumption, nutrient digestibility, and digested nutrients. The results showed that the supplementation of protein sources increased total nutrient ratio consumption (forage + concentrate) compared to the control group. The consumption of Dry Matter (DM) 815.60±94.67 for the Control group and 1349.40±38.89 for the treatment group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, for the consumption of Crude Protein (CP) 151.65±11.61 and 271.61±7.00 for the control and treatment group, respectively. For energy, which is represented as Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), it showed increase significantly (P<0.05) to 892.41±21.94 for the treatment group. The dry matter digestibility coefficients gave a significantly lower value (P<0.05) for the control, which are 65.18±6.43, and 85.92±3.60 for the Control and Treatment group. The value of crude protein digestibility was 84.28±4.13 for the control group and increased significantly (P<0.05) to 94.80±0.29 for the treatment group. The conclusion showed that protein source concentrate supplementation increased consumption and digestibility of nutrient rations.

Supplementary Feeding With Concentrated Protein Sources In Ettawa Crossbreed Does

A low liveweight gain of of Kacang goats when given grass as single feed indicated that additional feed is required to increase their gowth performance. This study was done to examine the effect of addition of Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) leaf or rice bran on feed intake, feed digestibility and liveweight gain of Kacang goat given Mulato (Brachiaria mulato) grass. Twenty four male Kacang goat, approximately 13.4 ± 0.6 kg in initial weight and 10 months of age, were housed in individual metabolic pen and allocated to one of three dietary treatments. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design, with three treatments and eight replicates (goats). The treatments were Mulato grass ad libitum (M), Mulato + Gliricidia (1% weight/d on dry matter basis) (MG), and Mulato + rice bran (1% weight/d on dry matter basis) (MR). The experiment was run for eight weeks period (two weeks for adaptation and and six weeks for measurement period, respectively). Parameters measured were liveweight gain (LWG), dry matter intake (DMI) and dry matter digestibility (DMD). The result showed that dietary treatment significantly (P < 0.05) affected the LWG, DMI and DMD of Kacang goat. Goat given Mulato grass had the lowest LWG, DMI and DMD with value 58 g/d, 2.77% weight/d and 57.61%, respectively. Goat received Mulato + Gliricidia and Mulato + rice bran had a significant higher LWG (73 g/d and 76 g/d, respectively), DMI (3.25% weight/d and 3.65% weight/d, respectively) and DMD (62.28% and 63.19%, respectively). However, no significant difference (P > 0.05) between goat received Mulato + Gliricidia and Mulato + rice bran. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that protein or energy contents of the diet influenced growth, feed intake and digestibility of Kacang goat.

/pdf/the-effect-of-supplementation-of-gliricidia-or-rice-bran-on-3pkz36cybc.pdf

The Effect of Supplementation of Gliricidia or Rice Bran on Feed Intake, Digestibility and Liveweight Gain of Kacang Goat Fed Mulato Grass

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The Effect of Supplementation of Gliricidia or Rice Bran on Feed Intake, Digestibility and Liveweight Gain of Kacang Goat Fed Mulato Grass