Common glass without spectral regulation effect cannot offer an energy‐saving function, and radiative cooling technology without visible transparency cannot satisfy the illumination and esthetic demands. Herein, the concept of utilizing a biomimetic beetle cuticle structure, guided by principles of Chinese Taoist philosophy, is proposed to accomplish efficient radiative regulation. Subsequently, low‐cost biomimetic radiative cooling (Bio‐RC) glass is presented, which can reduce the temperature of buildings throughout daytime by blocking near‐infrared (NIR) radiation, conveying visible light, and emitting heat within the atmospheric window. Utilizing only three layers of thin films, Bio‐RC glass achieves multi‐band spectral regulation, avoids a complicated preparation process, and has the potential for large‐scale production. Spectrometry reveals that Bio‐RC glass exhibits an effective visible light transmissivity of 80.5%, a mean NIR transmissivity of 10.3%, and an effective emissivity of 94.8% within the atmospheric window. A one‐month rooftop test demonstrates that Bio‐RC glass achieves a maximum cavity temperature reduction of 18.1 °C compared with common glass. Energy consumption analysis indicates that Bio‐RC glass can conserve approximately 23.4% of the total energy consumption per year compared with common glass. The proposed Bio‐RC glass can lower the temperature during daylight while preserving transparency and esthetics, making it suitable for application in buildings and vehicles.

Low‐Cost and Large‐Scale Producible Biomimetic Radiative Cooling Glass with Multiband Radiative Regulation Performance

Semiconductor BiOCl has a layered structure with ultralow lattice thermal conductivity [Q.D. Gibson et al., Science 373, 1017--1022 (2021)] and has potential applications in the field of thermoelectric materials. In the present study, the thermoelectric properties of BiOCl crystals are accurately predicted using the first-principles calculation combined with Boltzmann transport theory. The dimensionless figure of merit ($ZT$) of $p$-type BiOCl is found to be 0.2 at room temperature, reaching 1.1 at 800 K. In addition, applying in-plane biaxial tensile strain ${ϵ}_{xy}$ can lead to a further increase in the value of $ZT$ to 1.9 at 800 K. This means that $p$ BiOCl is an excellent high-temperature thermoelectric material. And this is due to the fact that biaxial strain drastically reduces the lattice thermal conductivity and the shift of the valence band toward the Fermi level can optimize the carrier concentration. Thus, the present work paves a way for the design of adjustable high-temperature thermoelectric materials. 

Enhanced High-Temperature Thermoelectric Performance by Strain Engineering in BiOCl

Flexible Photonic Radiative Cooling Films: Fundamentals, Fabrication and Applications

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) is an emerging cooling technique of a sunshine-exposed terrestrial surface by dissipating excessive heat into the deep-cold outer space. It is a passive technique without fuel consumption and paves a promising way to overcome the issues of energy shortage and environmental pollution at the global scale. In the contemporary era, highly developed nanophotonic engineering allows spectrally precise emissivity/reflectivity of a thermal surface, significantly improving a PDRC structure's cooling power. Furthermore, scalable manufacturing techniques have also been successfully developed for PDRC material preparation at affordable costs, promoting their practical implementations. However, a comprehensive review of PDRC materials for real-world applications is still lacking. This work begins with the fundamentals of PDRC, continues with the power enhancement and scaling up process of PDRC materials, boosts with the advances of three typical types of scalable PDRC materials, including films, textiles, and bulk materials, and ends with an outlook that addresses the limitations and challenges on PDRC materials for extensive real-world applications. This review can help scientists and engineers carry forward the design and implementation of PDRC materials, promote the mitigation of global issues such as scorching and water shortage, and make the planet healthier and more comfortable. 

Passive daytime radiative cooling materials toward real-world applications

Passive all-day freshwater harvesting through a transparent radiative cooling film

Recently, a two-dimensional (2D) oxocarbon monolayer, graphether, has been arousing extensive attention owing to its excellent electrical properties. In this work, we calculate the lattice thermal conductivity (k) of graphether and graphene using first-principles calculations and the phonon Boltzmann transport equation. At 300 K, the lattice thermal conductivities of graphether and graphene along the armchair direction are 600.91 W m-1 K-1 and 3544.41 W m-1 K-1, respectively. Moreover, the electron localization function is employed to reveal the origin of the anisotropic k of graphether. Furthermore, the harmonic and anharmonic properties of graphether and graphene are analyzed. We attribute the lower k of graphether to the smaller phonon group velocity and shorter phonon lifetime. Finally, the size effects of phonon transport in graphether and graphene are studied, and the results show that the lattice thermal conductivities are significantly dependent on the system length. The analysis of phonon behaviors in our study contributes to an in-depth understanding of the thermal transport in graphether for the first time, which provides valuable guidelines for graphether-based phonon engineering applications and 2D nanoelectronic devices.

First-principles calculations of phonon behaviors in graphether: a comparative study with graphene

Toward optical selectivity aerogels by plasmonic nanoparticles doping

Plasmon silica aerogel for improving high-temperature solar thermal conversion

Plasmonic aerogel window with structural coloration for energy-efficient and sustainable building envelopes

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