Solar Engineering Of Thermal Processes

In the development of next-generation materials with enhanced thermal properties, biological systems in nature provide many examples that have exceptional structural designs and unparalleled performance in their thermal or nonthermal functions. Bioinspired engineering thus offers great promise in the synthesis and fabrication of thermal materials that are difficult to engineer through conventional approaches. In this review, recent progress in the emerging area of bioinspired advanced materials for thermal science and technology is summarized. State-of-the-art developments of bioinspired thermal-management materials, including materials for efficient thermal insulation and heat transfer, and bioinspired materials for thermal/infrared detection, are highlighted. The dynamic balance of bioinspiration and practical engineering, the correlation of inspiration approaches with the targeted applications, and the coexistence of molecule-based inspiration and structure-based inspiration are discussed in the overview of the development. The long-term outlook and short-term focus of this critical area of advanced materials engineering are also presented.

Bioinspired Engineering of Thermal Materials

Multi-objective optimization of passive energy efficiency measures for net-zero energy building in Morocco

Polydopamine (PDA) is of interest as a mimetic material of melanin to produce structural color materials. Herein, to investigate the influence of the material composition of the artificial melanin particles on structural color, we demonstrated the preparation of core–shell particles by polymerization of norepinephrine or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, which are melanin precursors similar to dopamine, in the presence of polystyrene particles. It was revealed that the arrays of the prepared particles produce high-visibility structural color because of absorption of scattering light. Although poly(3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) showed the same tendency as PDA which was previous studied, polynorepinephrine can easily produce a smooth and thick shell layer compared with that of PDA, and pellets consisting of the particles showed angle-dependent structural color. Therefore, the artificial melanin particles that produce angle-dependent structural color became stable than ever before. These results indicated that mater...

Melanin Precursor Influence on Structural Colors from Artificial Melanin Particles: PolyDOPA, Polydopamine, and Polynorepinephrine

Thermal insulation design bioinspired by microstructure study of penguin feather and polar bear hair.

This paper deals with radiation's contribution to thermal insulation. The mechanism by which a stack of absorbers limits radiative heat transfer is examined in detail both for black-body shields and grey-body shields. It shows that radiation energy transfer rates should be much faster than conduction rates. It demonstrates that, for opaque screens, increased reflectivity will dramatically reduce the rate of heat transfer, improving thermal insulation. This simple model is thought to contribute to the understanding of how animal furs, human clothes, rockwool insulators, thermo-protective containers, and many other passive energy-saving devices operate.

Radiative contribution to thermal conductance in animal furs and other woolly insulators.

Mammogram image enhancement plays an important role in the accuracy of the diagnosis. Resulting images must allow a good contrast and better appearance of the limiting edges between different areas in the image, while preserving both information and brightness. In this paper, an adaptive local gray-level s-curve transformation is proposed. The main aim is to improve as much contrast of mammogram images as possible. The principle is to find all the parameters of the local gray-level transformation for each image which will allow for a better improvement using the genetic algorithm that is among global optimization methods. The evaluation of the results found is done based on image quality assessment (IQA) metrics and visual inspection in comparison with three existing techniques based on histogram equalization.

Adaptive Local Gray-Level Transformation Based on Variable S-Curve for Contrast Enhancement of Mammogram Images

To survive in the Arctic, polar bears must have excellent thermal insulation to endure high winds and extreme cold. As a result, mastering the mechanisms responsible for arctic animals’ superior radiative insulation will be aided by knowing the radiative exchanges in their fur. A mathematical model was created for this purpose by integrating the coat’s hairs into thin sheets. Then, using MATLAB, a computer simulation was run to determine the temperature variation as well as the energy flow between the external environment and the polar animal’s body through the hairs. With such thermal qualities, the proposed model will have a good insulating capacity, allowing it to recreate the structure of polar bear hair and incorporate it into real-world applications, such as serving as just a thermal insulator for keeping the heat in a house during the winter.

Two dimensions modelization of radiative exchange in polar bears’ fur

This paper describes a general multi-objective optimization approach of the energy performance of buildings using genetic algorithms, and the forecast of future energy needs according to the IPCC climate change scenarios. To this end, the energy performance of a family house is optimized and the optimal solution is studied in a future context marked by global warming and rise of temperatures.

https://ww.sciencepubco.com/index.php/ijet/article/download/23235/11595

Multi-Objective Optimization of a Family House Performance and Forecast of its Energy Needs by 2100

Linear Analysis of ECG Data Variability to Assess The Autonomic Nervous System in Two Different Body Positions

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