A method and system for tracking attitude of a device includes fixing a two-dimensional array of photosensors to the device and using the array to form a reference frame and a sample frame of images. The fields of view of the sample and reference frames largely overlap, so that there are common imaged features from frame to frame. Sample frames are correlated with the reference frame to detect differences in location of the common features. Based upon detection of correlations of features, an attitudinal signal indicative of pitch, yaw, and/or roll is generated. In the preferred embodiment, the attitudinal signal is used to manipulate a screen cursor of a display system, such as a remote interactive video system (RIVS). However, attitudinal tracking using the invention may be employed in other applications. Another aspect of the invention is that the two-dimensional array is configured to compensate for any curvilinear distortions introduced by a lens system for imaging the features within the field of view of the array.A movable device, such as an optical mouse, includes a housing, a lens system in the housing and an array of photosensors in the housing for acquiring images in light applied to the array by the lens system, the array disposed in a plurality of rows and columns defining an optical axis, adjacent columns being spaced apart by boundaries having curvatures increasing with departure from the optical axis sufficient to compensate for curvilinear distortion introduced in the images by characteristics of the lens system, the array comparing data from the images to indicate motion of features of the images relative to the housing.

Method and system for tracking attitude

An optical mouse images as an array of pixels the spatial features of generally any micro textured or micro detailed work surface below the mouse. The photo detector responses are digitized and stored as a frame into memory. Motion produces successive frames of translated patterns of pixel information, which are compared by autocorrelation to ascertain the direction and amount of movement. A hold feature suspends the production of movement signals to the computer, allowing the mouse to be physically relocated on the work surface without disturbing the position on the screen of the pointer. This may be needed if the operator runs out of room to physically move the mouse further, but the screen pointer still needs to go further. The hold feature may be implemented with an actual button, a separate proximity detector or by detecting the presence of a characteristic condition in the digitized data, such as loss of correlation or velocity in excess of a selected limit. A convenient place for an actual hold button is along the sides of the mouse near the bottom, where the thumb and the opposing ring finger grip the mouse. The gripping force used to lift the mouse engages the hold function. Hold may incorporate a brief delay upon either the release of the hold button, detection of proper proximity or the return of reasonable digitized values. During that delay any illumination control or AGC servo loops stabilize. A new reference frame is taken prior to the resumption of motion detection.

"Seeing eye" mouse for a computer system

The present invention is characterized in that: a demanded printing-job is accepted at a printing-job accepting unit, and a printing executing unit executes printing according to the accepted printing-job so as to produce an output sheet onto a discharge tray; an output-sheet detecting unit detects the presence of a printed output-sheet on the discharge tray; if the removal of discharged sheets from the discharge tray is detected, a printed-sheet mixture determining unit determines the possibility that sheets printed corresponding to a plurality of demands are mixed among the removed output-sheets; and if it is determined the possibility that sheets printed corresponding to a plurality of the demands are mixed among the output-sheets, warning information is produced by a warning voice producing unit.

Image-forming apparatus and image-forming method

An image-forming device has a plurality of cylindrical image-carrying members, and an optical scanning unit. The plurality of cylindrical image-carrying members is provided in a main casing for rotating about respective rotational axes. The rotational axes are parallel to one another and juxtaposed in a single direction. The optical scanning unit is provided in the main casing and has a plurality of laser generators, a single rotatable polygon mirror, a plurality of mirrors, and a plurality of lenses. The plurality of laser generators is provided one-to-one relationship to the plurality of image-carrying members to emit respective laser beams. The single rotatable polygon mirror deflects the respective laser beams to scan the respective image-carrying members therewith. The plurality of mirrors is provided one-to-one relationship to the plurality of image-carrying members to guide the respective laser beams along respective optical paths to the respective image-carrying members. The plurality of lenses is provided one-to-one relationship to the plurality of image-carrying members and provided in the respective optical paths and between the respective mirrors and the respective image-carrying members. Distances from the respective mirrors to the respective image-carrying members being equal to one another.

Image-forming device

A technique for monitoring machine status conditions and initiating communicating with a remote computer relative to the status conditions of the machine comprising the steps of monitoring with a calculator the predetermined status conditions relative to the operation of the machine, recognizing the deviation of the machine operation from said predetermined status conditions, responding to the deviation of the machine operation from the predetermined status conditions, automatically initiating the communication of a message to the remote computer regarding said deviation of the machine from the predetermined status conditions, and remotely altering the pretermined status conditions by which to monitor the machine.

Remotely accessible copier calculator

Electrophotographic apparatus according to this invention are controlled in different ways such that quality of produced images is not affected by deterioration of the developing agent or the condition of the photoreceptor. A timer may be provided to detect the duration of a rest period to adjust the speed of development accordingly as well as by the number of copies produced. Similar control may be effected by measuring the surface voltage of the photoreceptor by a voltage detector and by adjusting the output level of the principal charger used for uniformly charging the photoreceptor prior to a development process.

Electrophotographic apparatus controlling image quality according to condition of deterioration

An image formation apparatus having a cleaning process for removing defective toner from the developing unit during a non-image formation rotation of the photoreceptor drum. The image formation apparatus includes a reverse polarity charger for charging the photoreceptor drum to an opposite polarity from the polarity that is used for forming an electrostatic latent image. The reverse polarity charger allows defective toner to be removed from the surface of the photoreceptor during a warming-up process of the apparatus or after a predetermined number of image forming processes have been performed.

Device for removing defective developer agent from a developing unit of an image formation apparatus

PURPOSE: To increase a copying speed and to reduce the size of a copying machine by forming a space for developer natural falling on the center side of rotation of agitator fins. CONSTITUTION: A developer and toner which are accumulated on the bottom part in a developing tank 1 as an agitator 3 rotates counterclockwise are elevated in order by respective agitator fins 5. Then, when the agitator fins 5 which hold the developer and toner move flush with or above a fall guide plate 19, the developer and toner fall on the top surface of the fall guide plate 19 from the space 6 by gravitation. Here, the developer and toner particles are put in rotary motion by the downward pitch of the top surface of the guide plate, and brought into contact with each other and are rubbed against each other repeatedly in rolling down on the top surface of the guide plate 19, and the developer and toner one the bottom plate of the developing tank 1 are agitated by the agitator fins 5 again. Consequently, effective agitation is secured by only one agitator, so the copying machine is reduced in size. COPYRIGHT: (C)1988,JPO&Japio

Developer agitating device for copying machine

PURPOSE:To prevent an image from blurring by providing magnets in a cleaning magnet roller and forming the magnetic brush of a mixture obtained by mixing abrasives with a magnetic brush cleaning agent. CONSTITUTION:The magnetic brush is napped on the surface of the cleaning magnet roller 2 2 made of the mixture of the magnetic brush cleaning agent and abrasives by a magnetic field established by the magnets 2b... put in the cleaning magnet roller 2. Then, while the tip part of the magnetic brush contacts the surface of a photosensitive drum 1 to remove toner, etc., from the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 with the magnetic brush cleaning agent, the surface of the photosensitive drum 1 is polished with the abrasives to remove O3 oxides, etc., from the surface of the photosensitive drum 1. Further, a specific bias voltage is applied to a bias roller 3 and a constant amount of toner in the magnetic brush stick, so the toner concentration can be held constant. Consequently, an image is prevented from blurring.

Magnetic brush cleaning device

PURPOSE:To prevent the generation of a fault image such as fogging on transfer paper and to allow a toner feeding device to correspond to a fast copying machine, as well by arranging an auxiliary feeding roll adjacently to a feeding roll arranged on the feeding port of a toner feeding tank. CONSTITUTION:When a driving device A is driven, the feeding roll 13 is rotated and toner in the toner feeding tank 10 is stuck to the periphery of the roll 13 and carried out to a developing tank side. When the auxiliary feeding roll 14 is rotated, toner stuck to the roll 13 is carried downward while successively contacting with the periphery of the roll 14, successively granulated within a short time and the toner granules expanding their surface areas at maximum are dispersed into carrier in a developing tank. Since the dispersed toner is repeatedly allowed to contact and rubbed with the carrier, both the components are mixed and electrified and rapid charge-up is executed. Thereby, the generation of the faults on an image such as fogging on the transfer paper can be prevented. Under the same conditions as ordinary devices about the size of the roll 13 or the developing tank, 2-2.5 times as mush as toner can be fed as compared to the ordinary device, so that the device concerned can be allowed to correspond also to the fast copying machine.

Toner feeding device for copying machine

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