Investigation of heat load calculation for air carrying energy radiant air-conditioning system

Radiant air conditioning system is an important heating method with better thermal comfort, less noise and greater energy-saving potential. However, different intermittent heating modes may significantly impact both the heating efficiency and indoor thermal comfort, which has been neglected in existing studies. Therefore, to obtain optimal intermittent heating modes for achieving higher energy efficiency and better indoor thermal comfort for the residential buildings in Hot Summer and Cold Winter areas, a TRNSYS model of the radiant air conditioning system was developed and validated. The indoor thermal comfort and energy consumption characteristics during the coldest day and entire heating season were simulated and analyzed based on four different intermittent heating modes. The results demonstrated that the supply water temperature of the air source heat pump unit and the radiant terminals stabilized at the set temperature in about 1 h during the start-up stage, and the indoor air temperature stabilized at 24.0 °C after 7.5 h during the shutdown stage. The proportion of time that meets first-level thermal comfort under the four intermittent heating modes was above 90.1% and even higher at over 96.1% when considering the sleeping period. Compared to the continuous heating mode, the four intermittent heating modes saved 22.3%, 25.8%, 40.4% and 48.4% of energy. Overall, the preferred intermittent heating mode for residential buildings with the radiant air conditioning system in Hot Summer and Cold Winter areas was identified as switching on from 7:00 to 15:00 and 19:00 to 3:00, while switching off from 15:00 to 19:00 and 3:00 to 7:00. This model not only considered the immediate benefits of improved indoor thermal comfort and energy efficiency, but also showed great advantages in developing sustainable construction. 

A simulation study on the heating characteristics of residential buildings using intermittent heating in Hot-Summer/Cold-Winter areas of China

With the improvement of social economy, the heating demand of residents in Hot Summer and Cold Winter (HSCW) areas in China is increasing. The radiant air conditioning (A/C) system, is popular as a heating way due to its high comfort, low noise and high energy saving potential. There is still a lack of field research on the system under the intermittent heating mode in the HSCW area. To provide a guide for the operation mode of the radiant A/C system during intermittent heating in HSCW areas, this paper focused on the radiant A/C system with the fresh air system, and then studied system's practical operational parameters and dynamic characteristics in winter. The indoor and outdoor air temperatures and relative humidity, the water temperatures of inlet and outlet of the air source heat pump (ASHP) unit, the supply and return water temperatures of radiant terminals, as well as supply air temperature were analyzed in three stages, i.e., the initial start-up stage, the intermittent shutdown stage and the intermittent start-up stage. The results show that, it took 7 h and 50 min for the indoor air temperature to reach the set indoor temperature during the initial start-up stage. Compared to the initial start-up stage, the intermittent start-up stage reduced the time for the indoor air temperature to reach the set indoor temperature by 4 h and increased the indoor air temperature rise rate by 97%. The indoor air temperature rise rate was 0.46 oC/h and 0.91 oC/h, during the initial start-up and the intermittent start-up stage, respectively. The indoor air temperature decrease rate was 0.23 oC/h during the shutdown period. During the entire winter season, the ASHP unit switched on and off intermittently 10 times. The longest shutdown lasted for 111 h, and the indoor air temperature dropped to 17.2oC. 

Field studies on indoor thermal environment and start-stop characteristics of the radiant air conditioning system during intermittent heating

Yangtze Region of China has high temperature in summer and low temperature in winter, with high humidity most of the year. The conventional household air conditioner cannot control temperature and humidity separately. Recently, the research on temperature and humidity independent control mainly focused on large-scale buildings; however, study on small-scale buildings throughout the year was limited. This paper introduces a novel household air-conditioning system suits for small-scale buildings in hot-humid climate region, named coupled radiation panels with household replacement fresh air (RP&HRFA) system, which could independently control the temperature and relative humidity of the indoor air. The RP&HRFA system can be operated in five different modes so as to be adaptive to different weather conditions all year round. In this paper, an experimental study under three operating modes, namely, summer, transitive season A, and winter B, were carried out. The overall and local thermal comfort indexes of the...

An experimental study on indoor thermal comfort of the coupled radiation panels with household replacement fresh air system

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An experimental study on indoor thermal comfort of the coupled radiation panels with household replacement fresh air system