To settle the low sensitivity of luminescent manometers, the Mn2+ -activated NaY9 (SiO4 )6 O2 red-emitting phosphors with splendid pressure sensing performances are developed. Excited by 408 nm, the resulting products emit bright red emission originating from 4 T1 (4 G) → 6 A1 transition of Mn2+ , in which the optimal concentration of the activator ion is ≈1 mol%. Moreover, the admirable thermal stability of the developed phosphors is studied and confirmed by the temperature-dependent emission spectra, based on which the activation energy is derived to be 0.275 eV. By analyzing the pressure-dependent Raman spectra, the structural stability of the synthesized compounds at extreme conditions is verified. Furthermore, the designed phosphors exhibit remarkable spectral red-shift at elevated pressure. Especially, as pressure increases from 0.75 to 7.16 GPa, the emission band centroid shifts from 617.2 to 663.4 nm, resulting in a high sensitivity (dλ/dP) of 7.00 nm GPa-1 , whereas the full width at half maximum (FWHM) increases from 83.0 to 110.6 nm, leading to the ultra-high sensitivity (dFWHM/dP) of 10.13 nm GPa-1 . These achievements manifest that the designed red-emitting phosphors are appropriate for ultrasensitive optical manometry. More importantly, the developed manometer is a current global leader in sensitivity, when operating in the band-width mode, that is, FWHM.

Pressure-Induced Remarkable Spectral Red-Shift in Mn2+ -Activated NaY9 (SiO4 )6 O2 Red-Emitting Phosphors for High-Sensitive Optical Manometry.

Single-source white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) with smart regulation of correlated color temperature (CCT) are indispensable for the next generation of WLEDs aimed at healthy and high-quality illumination, where a suitable CCT value is closely related to our emotions and circadian rhythm. Herein, this work constructs a single-component emission layer WLED with high performance for controllable daily lighting through Bi3+/Te4+ dual-doped Cs2SnCl6 engineering. The efficient energy transfers between triple self-trapped exciton states from Bi3+/Te4+ doping allow two tunable broadband emissions that can cover the full-color region, thereby yielding a standout color-rendering index of 94 for the fabricated WLED. The robust stability against heat, ultraviolet light, and environmental oxygen/water induces a long half-lifetime of WLED up to 1104 h. Moreover, the dual-doped strategy endows the emitter with excitation-dependent luminescent characteristics, enabling the single emissive layer device to realize switching control of cold-, positive-, and warm-white light by converting the excitation chip. Meanwhile, continuous regulation of CCT for different application scenarios can be achieved by adjusting the current of different chips. This work constitutes a solid step toward building single-source WLEDs for smart and healthy lighting based on dual-doped lead-free metal halides. 

Healthy and High‐Quality Single‐Source Lighting Based on Double‐Doped Tin Halide Engineering

Self‐assembly of nanocrystals into superlattices is a fascinating process that not only changes geometric morphology, but also creates unique properties that considerably enrich the material toolbox for new applications. Numerous studies have driven the blossoming of superlattices from various aspects. These include precise control of size and morphology, enhancement of properties, exploitation of functions, and integration of the material into miniature devices. The effective synthesis of metal–halide perovskite nanocrystals has advanced research on self‐assembly of building blocks into micrometer‐sized superlattices. More importantly, these materials exhibit abundant optical features, including highly coherent superfluorescence, amplified spontaneous laser emission, and adjustable spectral redshift, facilitating basic research and state‐of‐the‐art applications. This review summarizes recent advances in the field of metal–halide perovskite superlattices. It begins with basic packing models and introduces various stacking configurations of superlattices. The potential of multiple capping ligands is also discussed and their crucial role in superlattice growth is highlighted, followed by detailed reviews of synthesis and characterization methods. How these optical features can be distinguished and present contemporary applications is then considered. This review concludes with a list of unanswered questions and an outlook on their potential use in quantum computing and quantum communications to stimulate further research in this area.

Metal–Halide Perovskite Nanocrystal Superlattice: Self‐Assembly and Optical Fingerprints

Near-Ultraviolet and Deep Red Dual-Band Mechanoluminescence for Color Manipulation and Biomechanics Detection

Abstract Organic‐inorganic hybrid manganese(II) halides (OIMnHs) have garnered tremendous interest across a wide array of research fields owing to their outstanding optical properties, abundant structural diversity, low‐cost solution processibility, and low toxicity, which make them extremely suitable for use as a new class of luminescent materials for various optoelectronic applications. Over the past years, a plethora of OIMnHs with different structural dimensionalities and multifunctionalities such as efficient photoluminescence (PL), radioluminescence, circularly polarized luminescence, and mechanoluminescence have been newly created by judicious screening of the organic cations and inorganic Mn(II) polyhedra. Specifically, through precise molecular and structural engineering, a series of OIMnHs with near‐unity PL quantum yields, high anti‐thermal quenching properties, and excellent stability in harsh conditions have been devised and explored for applications in light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), X‐ray scintillators, multimodal anti‐counterfeiting, and fluorescent sensing. In this review, the latest advancements in the development of OIMnHs as efficient light‐emitting materials are summarized, which covers from their fundamental physicochemical properties to advanced optoelectronic applications, with an emphasis on the structural and functionality design especially for LEDs and X‐ray detection and imaging. Current challenges and future efforts to unlock the potentials of these promising materials are also envisioned. 

Unlocking the Potential of Organic‐Inorganic Hybrid Manganese Halides for Advanced Optoelectronic Applications

X-ray scintillators have gained significant attention in medical diagnostics and industrial applications. Despite their widespread utility, scintillator development faces a significant hurdle when exposed to elevated temperatures, as it usually results in reduced scintillation efficiency and diminished luminescence output. Here we report a molecular design strategy based on a hybrid perovskite (TpyBiCl5) that overcomes thermal quenching through multi-excited state switching. The structure of perovskite provides a platform to modulate the luminescence centers. The rigid framework constructed by this perovskite structure stabilized its triplet states, resulting in TpyBiCl5 exhibiting an approximately 12 times higher (45% vs. 3.8%) photoluminescence quantum yield of room temperature phosphorescence than that of its organic ligand (Tpy). Most importantly, the interactions between the components of this perovskite enable the mixing of different excited states, which has been revealed by experimental and theoretical investigations. The TpyBiCl5 scintillator exhibits a detection limit of 38.92 nGy s-1 at 213K and a detection limit of 196.31 nGy s-1 at 353 K through scintillation mode switching between thermally activated delayed fluorescence and phosphorescence. This work opens up the possibility of solving the thermal quenching in X-ray scintillators by tuning different excited states.

Overcoming Thermal Quenching in X-ray Scintillators through Multi-excited State Switching.

Double perovskites with bright emission, low toxicity, and excellent stability have drawn considerable attention. Herein, we report the hydrothermal synthesis of Mn2+-doped Cs2Na1-xAgxBiCl6 double perovskites that exhibit dual emission modes. Introducing Ag+ ions to Cs2NaBiCl6 samples enables a bright self-trapped exciton (STE) emission in orange-red color, whereas Mn2+ dopants induce a yellow-orange emission. Importantly, Mn2+ doping into Cs2Na1-xAgxBiCl6 double perovskites with an indirect bandgap enables a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 49.52 ± 2%. Density functional theory calculations reveal that bringing Ag+ ions into Cs2NaBiCl6 can localize wave function to the [AgCl6]5- octahedron and convert dark transitions to bright STE transitions. Moreover, the 3d orbitals of Mn2+ dopants hybridize with Bi-6p and Cl-3p orbitals at the conduction band minimum, resulting in direct electron transfer from the host to Mn2+ and a significant increase in photoluminescence efficiency. These results shed light on the optical physical process of Mn2+-doped systems, providing useful information for further improvement of the photoluminescence efficiency of double perovskites.

Direct Electron Transfer Enables Highly Efficient Dual Emission Modes of Mn2+-Doped Cs2Na1-xAgxBiCl6 Double Perovskites.

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Overcoming Thermal Quenching in X-ray Scintillators through Multi-excited State Switching.

Direct Electron Transfer Enables Highly Efficient Dual Emission Modes of Mn2+-Doped Cs2Na1-xAgxBiCl6 Double Perovskites.