Host Systems for the Production of Recombinant Spider Silk.

Without the sustained provision of adequate levels of oxygen by the cardiovascular system, the tissues of higher animals are incapable of maintaining normal metabolic activity, and hence cannot survive. The consequence of this evolutionarily suboptimal design is that humans are dependent on cardiovascular perfusion, and therefore highly susceptible to alterations in its normal function. However, hope may be at hand. "Photosynthetic strategies," based on the recognition that photosynthesis is the source of all oxygen, offer a revolutionary and promising solution to pathologies related to tissue hypoxia. These approaches, which have been under development over the past 20 years, seek to harness photosynthetic microorganisms as a local and controllable source of oxygen to circumvent the need for blood perfusion to sustain tissue survival. To date, their applications extend from the in vitro creation of artificial human tissues to the photosynthetic maintenance of oxygen-deprived organs both in vivo and ex vivo, while their potential use in other medical approaches has just begun to be explored. This review provides an overview of the state of the art of photosynthetic technologies and its innovative applications, as well as an expert assessment of the major challenges and how they can be addressed.

/pdf/photosymbiosis-for-biomedical-applications-3kfvu52qj2.pdf

Photosymbiosis for Biomedical Applications.

Use of photosynthetic transgenic cyanobacteria to promote lymphangiogenesis in scaffolds for dermal regeneration.

Microalgae and cyanobacteria are photosynthetic microorganisms that can be used to bioremediate anthropogenic pollutants from air, water and soil. These organisms can remediate several anthropogenic pollutants, such as carbon dioxide, nitrates and phosphates, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and persistent organic pollutants. The biomass generated in this process can be used as a feedstock source for the production of a multitude of valuable biobased products and applications. Polymers, resins, binders, lubricants, and coatings are some of the promising examples. This chapter provides an overview of the entire process: bioremediation using microalgae and production of value-added products, based on a biorefinery concept, focusing on circular economy and sustainability. Essential aspects of legislation and regulations are also approached. 

Bioremediation Using Microalgae and Cyanobacteria and Biomass Valorisation

Since Research Ideas and Outcomes was launched in late 2015, it has stimulated experimentation around the publication of and engagement with research processes, especially those with a strong open science component. Here, we zoom in on the first 300 RIO articles that have been published and elucidate how they relate to the different stages and variants of the research cycle, how they help address societal challenges and what forms of engagement have evolved around these resources, most of which have a nature and scope that would prevent them from entering the scholarly record via more traditional journals. Building on these observations, we describe some changes we recently introduced in the policies and peer review process at RIO to further facilitate engagement with the research process, including the establishment of an article collections feature that allows us to bring together research ideas and outcomes from within one research cycle or across multiple ones, irrespective of where they have been published. ‡ §,| ¶ ¶ ¶ © Mietchen D et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

https://riojournal.com/article/68595/download/pdf/

Open science in practice: 300 published research ideas and outcomes illustrate how RIO Journal facilitates engagement with the research process

‡ University of São Paulo, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, São Paulo, Brazil § University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil | University of São Paulo, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, São Paulo, Brazil ¶ Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil # University of California, San Diego. Food and Fuel for the 21st Department, San Diego, United States of America

https://riojournal.com/article/9342/download/pdf/

Chimeric spider silk production in microalgae: a modular bionanomaterial

Our data indicate that the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection is not significantly reduced in fully vaccinated MGUS patients (even after three doses), likely also because of the higher diffusion capacity of the recently recognized Omicron viral variants. However, as observed in normal population and in other hematological contexts, the clinical outcome of COVID-19 may be significantly improved after vaccination in these patients, with symptoms present in less of one third of subjects and no case of hospitalization or death in our series. These observations support extensive vaccination programs in patients with MGUS.

P948: incidence and clinical outcome of sars-cov-2 infection after vaccination in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (mgus)

We recently investigated incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcomes in MGUS patients during the early waves of pandemic, when vaccines were still not available (Sgherza N. et al Haematologica. 2022). In that study, we found that these subjects neither have an increased risk of contracting SARS-CoV-2, nor show poorer COVID-19 outcomes with respect to controls. Aiming to specifically address the clinical effects of vaccines, we compared incidence and outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection of 1,454 previously described, not vaccinated MGUS patients (91 of whom were SARS-CoV-2 positive), with those observed in a similar population during the national vaccination campaign. So far, we have obtained retrospective information from 41 individuals found to be SARS-CoV-2 positive among 763 MGUS patients analyzed after at least two doses of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine received between April 2021, and January, 2022. The mean age of this group was 64.1 +/-14.1 years (range 31-90);16 patients were female (39%), and 25 were male (61%). About MGUS-subtypes, the most frequent one was IgG-lambda (n=20;48.8%), followed by IgG-kappa (n=14;34.1%), IgA-kappa (n=3;7.3%), IgA-lambda (n=2;4.9%) and IgM-kappa (n=2;4.9%). Most of patients (39/41, 95%) were at low or low-intermediate risk, according to Mayo Clinic prognostic model. Twenty-one (51.2%) patients developed SARS-CoV-2 infection after two doses (5, 15 and 1 patients receiving ChAdOx1-S, BNT162b2 mRNA and mRNA-1273 vaccines, respectively), twenty (48.8%) after three doses (BNT162b2 mRNA or mRNA-1273 as 'booster' dose, repectively). The mean number of days between last dose of vaccine and SARS-CoV-2 infection was 98.8 +/-77.8 (range 2-240). The two populations of SARS-CoV2 positive MGUS patients (before and after vaccination) were comparable for age, sex and presence of co-morbidities (data not shown). Overall, rates of symptoms (59.3% vs 31.8%), hospitalization (20.9% vs 0%), and hospitalization in Intensive Care Unit (11% vs 0%) were significantly higher in still not vaccinated MGUS patients than in those who had received vaccines (Table 1). A strong trend toward a higher rate of deaths (8,8% vs 0%) was also observed in not vaccinated patients, although it did not reach statistical significance, probably due to the small number of evaluated patients. Interestingly, incidence of SARS-CoV-2 detection in vaccinated patients was not significally different from that of patients analyzed before vaccination (5.4% vs 6.2%, respectively) (p=0.402). Our data indicate that the possibility to be infected by SARS-CoV-2 is probably not significantly reduced by vaccination (even after three doses), likely also because of the higher diffusion capacity of the recently recognized Omicron viral variants. However, as observed in normal population and in other hematological contexts, the clinical outcome of COVID- 19 may be significantly improved after vaccination in MGUS patients, with less of one third of patients who were symptomatic and no case of hospitalization or death in our series. These observation reinforces the need to proceed with an active vaccination program in these patients. .

https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hs9.0000829688.58335.79

P29: effects of vaccination on incidence and outcome of sars-cov-2 infection in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (mgus)

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Chimeric spider silk production in microalgae: a modular bionanomaterial

P948: incidence and clinical outcome of sars-cov-2 infection after vaccination in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (mgus)

P29: effects of vaccination on incidence and outcome of sars-cov-2 infection in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (mgus)