Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism

The Rise of the Creative Class

The Wealth Of Networks How Social Production Transforms Markets And Freedom

Sharing isn't new. Giving someone a ride, having a guest in your spare room, running errands for someone, participating in a supper club -- these are not revolutionary concepts. What is new, in the "sharing economy," is that you are not helping a friend for free; you are providing these services to a stranger for money. In this book, Arun Sundararajan, an expert on the sharing economy, explains the transition to what he describes as "crowd-based capitalism" -- a new way of organizing economic activity that may supplant the traditional corporate-centered model. As peer-to-peer commercial exchange blurs the lines between the personal and the professional, how will the economy, government regulation, what it means to have a job, and our social fabric be affected? Drawing on extensive research and numerous real-world examples -- including Airbnb, Lyft, Uber, Etsy, TaskRabbit, France's BlaBlaCar, China's Didi Kuaidi, and India's Ola, Sundararajan explains the basics of crowd-based capitalism. He describes the intriguing mix of "gift" and "market" in its transactions, demystifies emerging blockchain technologies, and clarifies the dizzying array of emerging on-demand platforms. He considers how this new paradigm changes economic growth and the future of work. Will we live in a world of empowered entrepreneurs who enjoy professional flexibility and independence? Or will we become disenfranchised digital laborers scurrying between platforms in search of the next wedge of piecework? Sundararajan highlights the important policy choices and suggests possible new directions for self-regulatory organizations, labor law, and funding our social safety net.

The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise of Crowd-Based Capitalism

The advent of more proactive consumers, the so-called “prosumers”, with production and storage capabilities, is empowering the consumers and bringing new opportunities and challenges to the operation of power systems in a market environment. Recently, a novel proposal for the design and operation of electricity markets has emerged: these so-called peer-to-peer (P2P) electricity markets conceptually allow the prosumers to directly share their electrical energy and investment. Such P2P markets rely on a consumer-centric and bottom-up perspective by giving the opportunity to consumers to freely choose the way they buy their electric energy. A community can also be formed by prosumers who want to collaborate, or in terms of operational energy management. This paper contributes with an overview of these new P2P markets that starts with the motivation, challenges, market designs moving to the potential future developments in this field, providing recommendations while considering a test-case.

/pdf/peer-to-peer-and-community-based-markets-a-comprehensive-2uke866akr.pdf

Peer-to-peer and community-based markets: A comprehensive review

There is arguably a need for political and social mobilization on regional, national and transnational scale, with a political agenda that would transform people’s expectations, the economy, the infrastructures and the institutions in the vein of a Commons-oriented political economy. According to Kostakis and Bauwens, the latter is not a utopia or just a project for the future. Rather it is rooted in an already existing social and economic practice. This chapter concludes with some transition proposals for moving toward a global Commons-oriented economy which can take full advantage of the current techno-economic paradigms potential in a more sustainable and just way.

Transition Proposals toward a Commons-Oriented Economy and Society

New roles for citizens, markets and the state towards an open-source agricultural revolution

At the current turning point of the ICT-based techno-economic paradigm and within the present political economy, this chapter argues, there are three different value models competing for dominance, which influence the way that the institutional recompositions will take place. One form is still dominant, but rapidly declining in importance; a second form is reaching dominance; and a third is emerging. This chapter discusses the decline of the first competing value model, that of the classic capitalist economy based on labor value and proprietary forms of knowledge.

Beyond the End of History: Three Competing Value Models

This paper explores how autonomous workers/contributors, involved in peer-to-peer relations, can organize their productive efforts so that they manage to have sustainable livings. The discussion is guided by the concept of ‘open cooperativism’ which argues for a synergy between the commons-based peer production movement on the one hand, and elements of the co-operative and solidarity economy movements on the other. To this end, we review the case of Enspiral, a network of professionals and companies that empowers and supports social entrepreneurship. Through the exploration of its values, operation and governance as well as the chosen strategies for autonomy and sustainability, Enspiral is presented a working case of an open cooperative.

Digital Economy and the Rise of Open Cooperativism: The Case of the Enspiral Network

Partant de son travail tr&#232;s riche autour de la th&#233;orie du pair-&#224;-pair, notamment au sein de la Fondation P2P, comme susceptible d&#8217;apporter des r&#233;ponses aux &#171;&#160;failles&#160;&#187; du syst&#232;me capitalisme &#8211; dommages environnementaux, injustices sociales ou encore d&#233;gradations des relations sociales &#8211;, Michel Bauwens se propose de consid&#233;rer notre entr&#233;e dans &#171;&#160;une nouvelle phase de mutualisation des communs&#160;&#187;. Une phase de &#171;&#160;cosmo-localisation&#160;&#187; qui donne l&#8217;opportunit&#233;, &#224; partir des nombreux basculements en cours &#8211; environnemental, civique, anthropologique ou encore productif &#8211;, de structurer un basculement civilisationnel &#224; la mesure des enjeux. 

Les nouvelles infrastructures civiques

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