Introduction:Jones fracture and proximal diaphyseal stress fracture of the fifth metatarsal have been associated with prolonged healing times and nonunions. We hypothesized that the Jones fracture ...

Radiographic Factors and Effect of Fifth Metatarsal Jones and Diaphyseal Stress Fractures on Participation in the NFL

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Fractures and Dislocations in Children

Metatarsal fractures represent a significant proportion of foot injuries. Various patterns of metatarsal injuries exist and the resultant impact on function and quality of life is not negligible. T...

Metatarsal fractures: A review and current concepts:

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of maintaining different foot postures during healing of proximal fifth metatarsal fractures for each of 3 common fracture types. A 3-dimensional (3D) finite element model of a human foot was developed and 3 loading situations were evaluated, including the following: (1) normal weightbearing, (2) standing with the affected foot in dorsiflexion at the ankle, and (3) standing with the affected foot in eversion. Three different stages of the fracture-healing process were studied, including: stage 1, wherein the material interposed between the fractured edges was the initial connective tissue; stage 2, wherein connective tissue had been replaced by soft callus; and stage 3, wherein soft callus was replaced by mature bone. Thus, 30 3D finite element models were analyzed that took into account fracture type, foot posture, and healing stage. Different foot postures did not statistically significantly affect the peak-developed strains on the fracture site. When the fractured foot was everted or dorsiflexed, it developed a slightly higher strain within the fracture than when it was in the normal weightbearing position. In Jones fractures, eversion of the foot caused further torsional strain and we believe that this position should be avoided during foot immobilization during the treatment of fifth metatarsal base fractures. Tuberosity avulsion fractures and Jones fractures seem to be biomechanically stable fractures, as compared with shaft fractures. Our understanding of the literature and experience indicate that current clinical observations and standard therapeutic options are in accordance with the results that we observed in this investigation, with the exception of Jones fractures.

Effects of foot posture on fifth metatarsal fracture healing: a finite element study.

Forefoot pain is a common presenting complaint seen by foot and ankle surgeons. Patients often describe their pain in a vague and encompassing manner. The purpose of this clinical practice guideline is to review the varied pathologies that comprise the differential diagnosis of forefoot pain, with the exclusion of disorders of the first ray. The pathologies in the differential diagnosis range from acquired orthopedic deformities (eg, hammertoes, digital deformities) to overuse problems and traumatic injuries. These clinical problems, encountered daily by the foot and ankle surgeon, typically involve the lesser toes and metatarsals and their respective joints. Presented in this document are current practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hammertoe (digital deformities) (Pathway 2); central metatarsalgia (Pathway 3); Morton’s neuroma (Pathway 4); tailor’s bunion (Pathway 5); and trauma (Pathway 6). Digital Deformities (Pathway 2)

Diagnosis and Treatment of Forefoot Disorders. Section 1: Digital Deformities

Objective Fractures of the fifth metatarsal are the most common metatarsal fractures in children. Their treatment is based on the adult literature. The purpose of our study was to identify the different types of fifth metatarsal fractures, to determine the mean time to healing, and to examine whether current adult recommendations can be extrapolated to children and adolescents. Methods A total of 103 patients met the inclusion criteria. The fractures were classified according to location. Type I represented an apophyseal injury. Type II represented tubercle fractures with intra-articular extension. Type III injuries represented Jones fracture. Metatarsal neck and shaft fractures were included separately. Results Apophyseal fractures did well with a short-leg walking cast for 3 to 6 weeks. Displaced intraarticular fractures had a significant delay in healing versus nondisplaced ones. Jones fractures had delays in healing if not treated surgically. Neck and shaft fractures did well with casting. Conclusions Most fractures of the fifth metatarsal in the pediatric population do well clinically after a course of walking cast, unless the fracture is an intra-articular displaced fracture type or the fracture occurs in the proximal diaphyseal area. Fixation of Jones fractures in active adolescents should be considered to allow faster return to regular activities and prevent refracture. We recommend non-weight bearing casts for all angulated or displaced intra-articular injuries to avoid delays in healing and angulation. From our series, it is evident that most pediatric fifth metatarsal fractures behave as those found in adults and can be treated similarly.

Fractures of the fifth metatarsal in children and adolescents.

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Fractures of the fifth metatarsal in children and adolescents.