Experimental and modeling study of liquid fuel injection and combustion in diesel engines with a common rail injection system

In-cylinder strategies to reduce soot emissions have demonstrated the potential to lessen the burden on, and likely the size and cost of, exhaust aftertreatment systems for diesel engines. One in-c...

Effects of exhaust gas recirculation and load on soot in a heavy-duty optical diesel engine with close-coupled post injections for high-efficiency combustion phasing

Partially premixed low-temperature combustion (LTC) using exhaust-gas recirculation (EGR) has the potential to reduce engine-out NOx and soot emissions, but increased unburned hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions need to be addressed. In this study, we investigate close-coupled post injections for reducing UHC emissions. By injecting small amounts of fuel soon after the end of the main injection, fuel-lean mixtures near the injector that suffer incomplete combustion can be enriched with post-injection fuel and burned to completion. The goal of this work is to understand the in-cylinder mechanisms affecting the post-injection efficacy and to quantify its sensitivity to operational parameters including postinjection duration, injection dwell, load, and ignition delay time of the post-injection mixture. Three optical diagnostics planar laser induced fluorescence of OH radicals, planar laser induced fluorescence of formaldehyde, and high-speed imaging of natural combustion luminescence complement measurements of engine-out UHC with parametric variations of mainand post-injection timing and duration. Across all conditions tested, each at 1200 RPM, the optimal post-injection command duration for UHC reduction was approximately 400 microseconds (2.9 °CA). Also, conditions with shorter (3.4 °CA) post-injection ignition delays were over twice as effective on a percentage basis at reducing engine-out UHC as those with longer (5.5 °CA) post-injection ignition delays. Optical data at the post-injection “sweet-spot,” where UHC emissions are minimized, indicate that the post injection promotes transition to second-stage ignition in the near-injector region, most likely by enriching the overly fuel-lean mixtures in the wake of the main injection. CITATION: O'Connor, J. and Musculus, M., \"Optical Investigation of the Reduction of Unburned Hydrocarbons Using Close-Coupled Post Injections at LTC Conditions in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine,\" SAE Int. J. Engines 6(1):2013, doi: 10.4271/2013-01-0910. ____________________________________ THIS DOCUMENT IS PROTECTED BY U.S. AND INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT. It may not be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, distributed or transmitted, in whole or in part, in any form or by any means. Downloaded from SAE International by Jacqueline O'Connor, Friday, April 12, 2013 04:03:16 PM

Optical Investigation of the Reduction of Unburned Hydrocarbons Using Close-Coupled Post Injections at LTC Conditions in a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine

Multiple injection and rate shaping Part 1: Emissions reduction in passenger car Diesel engines

The Influence of Diesel End-of-Injection Rate Shape on Combustion Recession

Injection Rate Shaping Investigations on a Small – Bore DI Diesel Engine

Future of Combustion Engines

Investigation of Spray-Bowl Interaction Using Two-Part Analysis in a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine

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Papers

Injection Rate Shaping Investigations on a Small – Bore DI Diesel Engine

Future of Combustion Engines

Investigation of Spray-Bowl Interaction Using Two-Part Analysis in a Direct-Injection Diesel Engine