Public health of people and individuals is the most important resource in the modern world. The sugar epidemic and cardiovascular diseases are linked to the obesity epidemic. As obesity appears at younger and younger ages, it is to be expected that the proportion of people who have been obese for the number of years will increase and that those practicing a "sedentary lifestyle" will move less and less. Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) and cardiovascular diseases (CD) are among the top ten causes of death in the world. It is observed that the association between DMT2 and CD risk is not the same for both sexes, with the cardiovascular risk associated with DMT2 being greater in women. Among the different strategies for the prevention and treatment of DMT2 and risk factors for CD, physical exercise has been largely recommended because of its positive effects on glycemic control, body mass, blood pressure, and lipid profile. A higher level of daily physical activity significantly reduces the risk of contracting numerous diseases such as: diabetes, diseases of the heart and blood vessels, certain forms of malignant diseases, obesity, asthma, osteoporosis and others.  Article visualizations:

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Physical activity and health: the benefits of physical activity in the prevention of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disorders

Effects of training and sex on oxygen uptake dynamics during exercise in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are not well established. We tested the hypotheses that exercise training improves the time ...

/pdf/effects-of-exercise-training-and-sex-on-dynamic-responses-of-59qgf93zlp.pdf

Effects of exercise training and sex on dynamic responses of O2 uptake in type 2 diabetes

Background: Diabetes is a serious chronic disease. Uncontrolled diabetes and poor diabetic patients' knowledge can lead to a high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching program on improvement of diabetic patient's health information, treatment adherence and glycemic control. Method: A quasi-experimental research design (pre posttest) was utilized on 72 diabetic patients at Minia University and general hospitals. A Structured Interview questionnaire about diabetic knowledge and treatment adherence. Glucose monitoring parameter (Glycated Hemoglobin & Random Blood Sugar),was monitored. Results: There was a highly a significant improvement in diabetic patients knowledge, treatment adherence and glycemic control post 1st and 2nd follow than pre application of teaching program. Conclusion: The diabetic teaching program would improve patient's knowledge about disease, treatment adherence and glycemic control. Recommendations: Nurses should emphasis to provide an teaching program tailored to each diabetic patient and increase their awareness about the importance of diabetic education to improve glycemic control.

Effectiveness of structured teaching program on improvement of diabetic patient's health information, treatment adherence and glycemic control

The aim of this study is to look at the effect of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise for 30 minutes with an increase in speed and inclination of male with type 2 diabetes patients in reducing the chronic low-grade inflammation. A randomized two-group study was carried out between July 2019 and September 2019. Ten male patients with type 2 diabetes (30-55 years old) without complications, with blood sugar controlled from Endocrine Polyclinic Internal Medicine RSUD dr. Soetomo, was recruited and allocated randomly into two groups. In the treatment group, each patient received moderate intensity treadmill training with increased speed and inclination. The exercise is carried out for 30 minutes for 4 weeks, 2-3 times a week. In the control group, each patient received standard treatment along with physical activity education for 150 minutes a week. Measurement of serum CRP levels was done on the first and last day. In the treatment group, serum CRP levels were measured 30 minutes after aerobic exercise. This study showed that aerobic exercise for 4 weeks did not reduce serum CRP levels in type 2 DM patients. 

Effects of moderate intensity treadmill exercise with gradual increase in speed and inclination on serum C-reactive protein in male with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the metabolic diseases characterized by an increase in chronic blood glucose levels. It has a high risk of cardiovascular disease and other complications affecting the eyes, kidneys, and nervous system. Furthermore, the body cannot produce enough insulin. It would hamper the blood circulation and modify physical fitness, especially their body balance and muscle strength. Their muscle mass will decrease, which causes muscle weakness and fatigue. The condition can affect their daily life as well as their balance when they are walking. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between hand muscle strength and static balance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study involved 47 older people with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a cross-sectional study design. Hand muscle strength of the elderly was measured by using a handgrip dynamometer, while static balance was measured through a single-leg stance test with their eyes open. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. The results showed that the hand muscle strength and static balance had a strong correlation with Alpha coronach=0,341 (p value=0,019) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, there is a significant relationship between hand muscle strength and balance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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The Relationship Between Hand Muscle Strength and Balance in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Exercise has long been recommended to improve many health parameters in those with diabetes, including glycemic control, weight management, certain cardiovascular measures, and body composition Recent research suggests that sex differences exist in baseline exercise levels, exercise capacity, exercise preference, and a range of cardiovascular parameters associated with physical activity Men with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have more self-reported exercise and physical activity prior to an intervention but are less likely to respond to exercise counseling than women Both sexes also have different preferences in exercise type Prior to training, women with diabetes have lower exercise performance (ie, peak VO2 and/or METs) than men with diabetes However, after exercise training, women with T2DM tend to have greater improvements in exercise performance while men may have greater improvements in body composition and certain cardiovascular parameters (ie, diastolic blood pressure recovery, improved heart rate variability) Sex differences in metabolic measures after an exercise intervention are less clear based on current evidence While sex differences in exercise performance and exercise training are evident, additional research into understanding the pathophysiology and scope of these sex differences in exercise among persons with T2DM is clearly needed Further understanding of these differences will allow for individualized care and patient-centered exercise interventions in the future

Sex Differences in Exercise Performance and Exercise Training Among Persons with Type 2 Diabetes

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Sex Differences in Exercise Performance and Exercise Training Among Persons with Type 2 Diabetes