The current study examines the extent to which selected work-related variables differentially predict burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) and the degree to which social support mitigates both of these occupational stress syndromes. Multiple regression performed on responses from 331 professional chaplains found that: (1) the number of years worked in the same employment position was positively associated with burnout but not STS; (2) STS, but not burnout, was positively associated with the number of hours spent per week counseling patients who had had a traumatic experience; and (3) social support was negatively related to burnout and STS. Only specific sources of social support (supervisory support and family support), however, were negatively associated with burnout. Results highlight the need for counselors to be attuned to not only their clients but also to their own inner dynamics in order to mitigate the possible deleterious effects of their work.

/pdf/burnout-secondary-traumatic-stress-and-social-support-1xeeljppgu.pdf

Burnout, Secondary Traumatic Stress, and Social Support

Objective:African Americans underutilize traditional mental health services, compared with white Americans. The authors conducted a systematic review of studies involving church-based health promot...

/pdf/church-based-health-programs-for-mental-disorders-among-8leg02jz23.pdf

“Church-Based Health Programs for Mental Disorders among African Americans: A Review

Social workers have successfully collaborated with African-American faith-based organizations to improve health outcomes for numerous medical conditions. However, the literature on Faith-Based Health Promotion for major depression is sparse. Thus, the authors describe a program used to implement a Mental Health Ministry Committee in African-American churches. Program goals are to educate clergy, reduce stigma, and promote treatment seeking for depression. Key lessons learned are to initially form partnerships with church staff if there is not a preexisting relationship with the lead pastor, to utilize a community-based participatory approach, and to have flexibility in program implementation.

Implementing a Mental Health Ministry Committee in Faith-Based Organizations: The Promoting Emotional Wellness and Spirituality Program

Handbook of Medical Sociology, Sixth Edition

A national random sample of hospital directors was asked to rate the importance of seven categories of chaplain roles and functions: 246 nursing directors, 267 social services directors, 307 medical directors, and 611 pastoral care directors. All four groups rated end-of-life care, prayer, and emotional support as being between very important and extremely important. Other roles, including consultation, advocacy, community outreach, and religious services and rituals were rated significantly less important. Significant differences were found across disciplines and hospital settings (general, psychiatric, etc.). Medical directors rated most chaplain roles lower than other directors did, and directors in psychiatric hospitals rated all roles, except religious services/rituals, lower than their counterparts in other types of hospitals. The importance that directors accorded to all the chaplain roles examined was also influenced by their own spirituality and religiosity, as well as the religious affiliation of their institution.

A national survey of hospital directors' views about the importance of various chaplain roles: differences among disciplines and types of hospitals.

Clergy (N = 179) in the catchment areas of four hospitals in New York and Connecticut were surveyed about their pastoral care activities. Factor analysis revealed two separate sets of problems presented in pastoral counseling, with respect to clergy’s ratings of their competence to address them. The first factor included grief, death and dying, anxiety, and marital problems, in descending order of frequency. The second factor consisted of depression, alcohol/drugs, domestic violence, severe mental illness, HIV/AIDS, and suicide. Clergy were significantly less confident of their ability to deal with Factor 2 problems, yet clergy rarely consulted with mental-health professionals about either type of problem. Less than half of the clergy had training in Clinical Pastoral Education, but those who did tended to feel they were more competent to deal with both types of problems. On average, clergy devoted 3.7 hours per week to visiting patients and nearly 55% said they were “definitely more likely” to refer a patient to a hospital with a pastoral care department.

pdf/a-study-of-pastoral-care-referral-and-consultation-practices-aupr9zfqxw.pdf

A Study of Pastoral Care, Referral, and Consultation Practices Among Clergy in Four Settings in the New York City Area

Attachment-based interventions are important for improving parent-child outcomes. These interventions must be scaled and made available to under-resourced communities. An important part of scaling these interventions is delineating and reproducing high-quality training, including clinical training which often requires the completion of a supervised case. However, descriptions and guidelines for clinical training are frequently broad or not available in the literature. A detailed description of clinical training could lead to further research to improve the effectiveness and dissemination of evidence-based interventions. Mothering from the Inside Out (MIO) is an attachment-based parenting intervention effective at reducing substance use and depression, improving caregiving, and enhancing child attachment. It is now being brought from research to community settings. This paper outlines the didactic and clinical training components of MIO. We then present a qualitative case study of one community-based counselor participating in the clinical training of MIO and employ qualitative methods to describe the main themes that arose during the training. We aim to illustrate how the trainer assisted the counselor in implementing the core components of MIO, which included (a) refining the language used in MIO sessions, (b) making space to explore mental states, and (c) addressing trauma. We conclude by presenting the implications of these findings.

Training home visitors in mentalization-based practice: A qualitative case study of clinical supervision in mothering from the inside out.

This article describes research results regarding the role of religion/spirituality among the chronically ill that highlights the benefits of religious beliefs and practices on patient health and well being. The author reports results from a questionnaire administered to People of Color living with AIDS who reside in a nursing home. The results suggest a strong spirituality as evidenced in a desire to communicate with God through frequent prayer and the reading of the patient's Holy Book. It includes high levels of hope, feelings of being loved, and attendance at religious services and classes held in the nursing home.

The spirituality of People of Color living with AIDS in long-term care.

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A Study of Pastoral Care, Referral, and Consultation Practices Among Clergy in Four Settings in the New York City Area

Training home visitors in mentalization-based practice: A qualitative case study of clinical supervision in mothering from the inside out.

The spirituality of People of Color living with AIDS in long-term care.