This bibliography is a continuation of and a complement to those published in the Urban History Yearbook 1974–91 and Urban History 1992–2002. The arrangement and format closely follows that of previous years. There is an index of towns on pp. 504–507. The list of abbreviations identifies only those periodicals from which articles cited this year have been taken.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0963926800011299

Current bibliography of urban history

Acknowledgments Intorduction to the Second Edition PART ONE: THE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY TOWN 1- The Environment of Private Opportunity 2- War and the Limits of the Tradition PART TWO: THE BIG CITY 1830-1860 3- Spatial Patterns of Rapid Growth 4- Industrialization 5- The Specialization of Leadership 6- Municipal Institutions 7- Riots and the Restoration of Public Order PART THREE: THE INDUSTRIAL METROPOLIS 8- The Structure of the Metropolis 9- Some Metropolitan Districts 10- The Industrial Metropolis as an Inheritance Bibliography of Recent Philadelphia Books Notes to Tables in Text

The Private City: Philadelphia in Three Periods of Its Growth

The essay suggests to historians the usefulness of using a social network analytic approach to studying communities and community-like social structures such as kinship groups and work groups. Historians have long employed social network as a metaphor, but few have embraced the substance, theory, or methods of the social network paradigm. In the 1970s and 1980s, historians and other social scientists on both sides of the Atlantic revisited questions about the nature of family and community life, and, searching for connectivity, laid the groundwork for a social network approach to the study of community. The community question itself evolved as sociologists changed their ideas about what constituted community and where to find it. Researchers were no longer restricted to searching for community in the solidarities of neighborhoods and kinship groups. Instead they studied all active community-like relationships, no matter where located. As a result, analysts were able to show that community had not been “lo...

Social network analysis of historical communities: Some questions from the present for the past

Margaret Walton-Roberts and Daniel Hiebert Research on Immigration and Integration in the Metropolis (RIIM) wwwriimmetropolisglobalxnet Department of Geography, University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2 Ethnic enterprise The subject of "ethnic enterprise" -- businesses operated and maintained primarily by members of immigrant and/or minority groups -- has become a significant area of research since the 1960s, when it became apparent to researchers and policy makers that the level of self-employment among ethnic minorities was higher than average (Borjas 1986) More recently, this interest has been aligned with a growing body of literature documenting the importance of self-employment and small businesses generally, (1) some of which focuses specifically on the role of ethnic entrepreneurs in industrially advanced economies (Waldinger et al 1990; Ward 1991) This research reflects a growing concern with the intersection of increased immigration in western countries, industrial restructuring, and the resurgence of the small business sector in response to this restructuring These issues resonate most clearly when considered within the context of urban economies which, in Canada as elsewhere, are the major reception areas for immigrants Even the mainstream media has become captivated with the success of minority firms (for example, Vincent 1996), and one financial institution in British Columbia has adopted a practice common among Korean immigrant groups, lending circles, which rely on internal networking, mutual support and repayment enforcement within peer groups of entrepreneurs (see Light 1972) While popular commentators generally interpret the proliferation of ethnic enterprises in favourable terms, academic literature on the subject became sharply polarized in the 1980s One "side" emphasizes the benefits of ethnic enterprise to group members, while the other focuses on the potential traps, or structural limitations these businesses can place on their owners and co-ethnic employees Bun and Hui (1995), following Auster and Aldrich (1984), comment on this "intellectual schizophrenia" and show that these opposing interpretations of ethnic enterprise are part of broader ideological debates about the nature of capitalism and the relationship between cultural and economic forces This empirical and theoretical-ideological split reached its crescendo in a brief "dialogue" between Edna Bonacich (1993) and Roger Waldinger (1993), which brought the structuralist/negative and culturalist/positive views into sharp relief While some authors continue to champion one interpretation over the other (for example, Bonacich 1994), or see the ascendance of one side (for example, Barrett et al 1996), researchers increasingly agree that ethnic entrepreneurship is associated with a complex mix of problems and benefits This form of economic organization is seen, more and more, as both emancipatory for immigrants attempting to better their standard of living but also as potentially exploitative, abusive and marginalizing (see Table 1) The particular mix of positive and negative qualities is likely to be situation-specific, depending on a variety of factors that include the pre-migratory characteristics of immigrants, the degree of openness of the adopted country's labour market, the degree of isolation of immigrant groups, and so on While we feel that the turn toward a more balanced conceptualization of ethnic entrepreneurship is helpful, we believe there is still a crucial gap in this literature -- one that can be partly understood as an outcome of the polarized debates that dominated the field during the 1970s and 1980s Researchers have repeatedly demonstrated the salience of cultural networks for immigrant and minority entrepreneurs, and the webs of economic interactions that arise within systems of ethnic loyalty However, despite Light's (1980) important findings on the role of the extended family for Chinese entrepreneurs, the issue of the family -- both nuclear and extended -- has largely been ignored in studies of ethnic enterprise …

Immigration, Entrepreneurship, and the Family: Indo-Canadian Enterprise in the Construction Industry of Greater Vancouver

"Lives of their own: Blacks, Italians, and Poles in Pittsburgh 1900-1960", John Bodnar, Roger Simon, Michael P. Weber, Urbana 1982 : [recenzja] / Krzysztof Groniowski.

Doucet and Weaver begin this empirical, analytical, and narrative study with an analysis of the evolution of land development as an enterprise and continue with an examination of house design and construction practices, the development of the apartment building, and an account of class and age as they relate to housing tenure. They also relate developments in Hamilton to the current state of urban historiography, using their case study to resolve discrepancies and contradictions in the literature. Among the major themes the authors deal with is a controversial exploration of what they see as a central North American urge: the desire to own a home. Other themes include the social allocation of urban space, the quality and affordability of housing, the increased interest of large corporations in the land development and financial service industries, and a comparative analysis of housing in Canada and the United States. The authors have drawn on civic and business records dating from the early nineteenth century to the latest planning data. Combining this information with their comprehensive analysis, Doucet and Weaver show that current housing problems and potential solutions are better understood when seen as part of a historical process. They provide a critical assessment of the ways in which contemporary society produces shelter and question the use of technical innovations alone to resolve housing crises.

Housing the North American City

The history of housing for the common man in urban North America is at once a chronicle of great continuity, of many subtle changes, and of several upheavals. Such complex pacing along several tracks demands an appreciation of tradition, entrepreneurship, and technology. It also requires a preliminary sense of the scope and idiosyncrasies of a major activity. Residential building has been one of the most important sectors of the North American economy, accounting for 50-65 percent of total construction in most years during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The importance of residential construction with respect to both stimulation of the economy and job creation is widely recognized by governments in North America. If logging and finance are added to construction trades, it would have required thirty to fifty specialists to complete a house by 1920. This significant manufacturing activity has displayed unique traits distinguishing it from other consumer-durables industries. First, it has experienced economic cycles of twenty years' duration. Second, the logistics of moving building materials from source to scattered subdivisions as well as variations in local land-use regulations and urban services have helped to check corporate consolidation until very recently. Currently, the housing industry has witnessed instances of rationalized activity by builders of packaged suburbs and through a series of corporate takeovers. Tentative vertical integration actually began about one hundred years ago, but knowledgeable analysts insist that dispersal rather than corporate consolidation still may provide the most efficient mode for management in the industry.' Routine house construction has shown an obstinate tendency toward

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/1904304.pdf

Material Culture and the North American House: The Era of the Common Man, 1870-1920

In this article, Professors Doucet and Weaver examine the North American shelter business between 1860 and 1920. Drawing upon the business records of the Hamilton, Ontario, real estate firm of Moore and Davis, they analyze the construction, ownership, and management of the North American shelter staple—the single-family detached dwelling. Since these activities had significant effects on the everyday lives of urban dwellers, they reveal significant social as well as business patterns. Doucet and Weaver conclude that this firm, and by implication the industry as a whole, preferred the prudent and routine to the innovative and daring, suggesting, in contrast to the work of recent scholars, that continuity rather than change typified urban development during these decades.

The North American Shelter Business, 1860–1920: A Study of a Canadian Real Estate and Property Management Agency

Cite this article Doucet, M. (1978). Mass Transit and the Failure of Private Ownership: The Case of Toronto in the Early Twentieth Century. Urban History Review, (3-77), 3–33. https:// doi.org/10.7202/1019498ar This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. [https:// apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/]

https://www.erudit.org/fr/revues/uhr/1978-n3-77-uhr0904/1019498ar.pdf

Mass Transit and the Failure of Private Ownership: The Case of Toronto in the Early Twentieth Century

Cet article constitue a la fois une recherche empirique et une declaration theorique. En opposition a une vision de l’histoire urbaine morcelee en periodes distinctes, il insiste sur le fait qu’il existe au contraire des elements de continuite tres importants. En effet, la continuite semble etre l’element fondamental de l’experience urbaine au Canada, specialement au cours des 19e et 20e siecles. L’amenagement de la ville, le role moteur des elites municipales, la concentration de la richesse et l’expression spatiale des caracteristiques economiques et sociales possedent tous des racines profondes, allant meme jusqu’aux premieres decades dans le cas d’Hamilton, objet particulier de cette etude. Au niveau des sources materielles, cet article utilise le role d’evaluation de 1839; cependant il met en garde contre des interpretations abusives ou erronees de ce document. Il souleve des questions a propos d’etudes americaines qui ont tente des comparaisons sur la concentration des richesses a travers le temps. Cet article soutient que le facteur intangible d’acces au credit etait et demeure l’ingredient vital de la richesse et du pouvoir. Cet acces caracterise le Metropolitanisme, un theme historiographique qui fait ressortir la notion de continuite dans l’histoire urbaine canadienne.

/pdf/town-fathers-and-urban-continuity-the-roots-of-community-zr89rh3i37.pdf

"Town Fathers and Urban Continuity: The Roots of Community Power and Physical Form in Hamilton, Upper Canada in the 1830s"

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