A low or no pollution engine is provided for delivering power for vehicles or other power applications. The engine has an air inlet which collects air from a surrounding environment. At least a portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed using a technique such as liquefaction, pressure swing adsorption or membrane based air separation. The remaining gas is primarily oxygen, which is then compressed and routed to a gas generator. The gas generator has an igniter and inputs for the high pressure oxygen and a high pressure hydrogen-containing fuel, such as hydrogen, methane or a light alcohol. The fuel and oxygen are combusted within the gas generator, forming water and carbon dioxide with carbon containing fuels. Water is also delivered into the gas generator to control the temperature of the combustion products. The combustion products are then expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander to deliver output power for operation of a vehicle or other power uses. The combustion products, steam and, with carbon containing fuels, carbon dioxide, are then passed through a condenser where the steam is condensed and the carbon dioxide is collected or discharged. A portion of the water is collected for further processing and use and the remainder is routed back to the gas generator. The carbon dioxide is compressed and cooled so that it is in a liquid phase or super critical state. The dense phase carbon dioxide is then further pressurized to a pressure matching a pressure, less hydrostatic head, existing deep within a porous geological formation, a deep aquifer, a deep ocean location or other terrestrial formation from which return of the CO2 into the atmosphere is inhibited.

Hydrocarbon combustion power generation system with co2 sequestration

A combined cycle power system is provided which can convert an open combined cycle gas turbine into a reduced or zero emissions power system. The system includes a compressor which compresses air and combusts the air with a hydrocarbon fuel. The products of combustion and the remaining portions of the air form the exhaust which is expanded through a turbine. The turbine drives the compressor and outputs power. The exhaust exits the turbine and then is routed through a heat recovery steam generator. A bottoming cycle portion of the system includes a gas generator which combusts a hydrocarbon fuel with oxygen. Water is also entered into the gas generator where it is heated and combined with the products of combustion, before entering a bottoming turbine. The water is then separated and routed back to the gas generator after preheating within the heat recovery steam generator.

Semi-closed brayton cycle gas turbine power systems

A low emission turbine includes a reverse flow can-type combustor that generally includes a primary and secondary fuel delivery system that can be independently controlled to produce low CO, UHC, and NOx emissions at design set point and at conditions other than design set point. The reverse flow can-type combustor generally includes an annularly arranged array of swirler and mixer assemblies within the combustor, wherein each swirler and mixer in the array includes a primary and secondary fuel delivery system that can be independently controlled. Also disclosed herein is a can-type combustor that includes fluid passageways that perpendicularly impinge the backside of a heat shield. Processes for operating the can-type combustors are also disclosed.

Methods and apparatus for reducing gas turbine engine emissions

A low pollution engine (500) is provided for delivering power for vehicles. The engine has an air inlet (510) which collects air from a surrounding environment. A portion of the nitrogen in the air is removed using a technique such as liquefaction, pressure swing adsorption or membrane based air separation. The remaining air is primarily oxygen, which is then compressed and routed to a combustion chamber. The chamber has an igniter and inputs for the pressurized oxygen and pressurized hydrogen containing fuel, including methane. The combustion products of water and carbon dioxide are expanded through a power generating device, such as a turbine or piston expander (560). The combustion products are then passed through a condenser (580) where the steam is condensed and the carbon dioxide is collected or discharged. A portion of the water is then routed back to the gas generator.

Clean air engines for transportation and other power applications

A fuel combustion power generation system is provided operating as a closed loop Rankine cycle and with zero atmospheric emissions. The fuel is combusted with oxygen in a combustor to generate high temperature products of combustion. The products of combustion are routed to a first side of a heat exchanger. A second side of the heat exchanger has a working fluid of the closed loop Rankine cycle passed therethrough to boil the working fluid into a gas. The working fluid is then expanded, condensed back to a liquid and pumped back to high pressure for return to the heat exchanger the products of combustion enter a condenser, where gases are collected and liquids recirculated or released. The products of combustion can be expanded upstream of the heat exchanger. The fuel can be a gaseous fuel or a solid or liquid fuel, such as coal or biomass, with gasification before combustion.

Zero emissions closed rankine cycle power system

To reduce nitrogen-oxygen compounds in the exhaust of a gas turbine water is supplied to a fuel injection nozzle via the atomizing air passages disposed therein providing a coolant fluid directly to the primary combustion zone.

System for reducing nitrogen-oxygen compound in the exhaust of a gas turbine

An arrangement and method to heat fuel under constant volume to a temperature at which it will flash at the ambient pressure in the combustion chamber and then admit the fuel through a valve to the combustion chamber where the fuel mixes with air and spontaneously flashes into flame.

Spontaneous ignition of fuel in a combustion chamber

A comprehensive field test was performed to evaluate the suitability of H-Coal middle distillate and full-range Exxon Donor Solvent (EDS) coal derived liquids (CDLs) as utility combustion turbine fuels. A Westinghouse W251AA 26 MW combustion turbine operated by the Philadelphia Electric Company was the test engine. No. 2 petroleum distillate fuel was also fired to establish baseline data. This program was sponsored by the Electric Power Research Institute.Site modifications included a temporary CDL storage and fuel transfer system, water storage and injection equipment, an instrumented combustor, engine and emissions instrumentation and data acquisition systems, and industrial hygiene facilities required for the proper handling of the CDLs.The overall results of testing were positive for using such CDL fuels in combustion turbines for power generation. With the exception of higher combustor metal temperatures with the CDLs, and persistent fuel filter plugging with the EDS fuel, (which occurred even with increased fuel temperature and filter size), the engine operated satisfactorily during approximately 80 hours of total running over the standard range of load and water injection conditions.© 1984 ASME

/pdf/utility-combustion-turbine-evaluation-of-coal-liquid-fuels-51uv433x2t.pdf

Utility Combustion Turbine Evaluation of Coal Liquid Fuels

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System for reducing nitrogen-oxygen compound in the exhaust of a gas turbine

Spontaneous ignition of fuel in a combustion chamber

Utility Combustion Turbine Evaluation of Coal Liquid Fuels