Advanced technology is not only transforming the public sector in general but is also increasingly transmuting the criminal justice system. Smart applications are designed to predict crimes, automa...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/00208523211039740

Smart criminal justice: Phenomena and normative requirements

Vor dem Hintergrund von knappen Ressourcen und gestiegenen Kundenerwartungen mussen sich auch Verwaltungen auf subnationaler Ebene in der Schweiz im Zuge der Digitalisierung mit den Herausforderungen von Smart Government auseinandersetzen. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht anhand einer qualitativen Literaturanalyse die relevanten Einflussfaktoren fur eine erfolgreiche Entwicklung von Smart Government in der Schweiz. Die Befunde zeigen, dass neben technologischen, wirtschaftlichen und institutionellen Faktoren insbesondere auch soziale Faktoren wie das Vertrauen der Bevolkerung in den Staat und in neue Technologien, die Inklusion von Burgern sowie die vertikale und horizontale Kooperation zwischen Verwaltungsebenen eine wichtige Rolle fur die Umsetzung von Smart Government spielen.

https://digitalcollection.zhaw.ch/bitstream/11475/15452/1/Wo%20ein%20Wille%20ist%20ist%20auch%20ein%20Weg_2018_SC1.1.pdf

Wo ein Wille ist, ist auch ein Weg – Einflussfaktoren für die Entwicklung von Smart Government in der Schweiz auf subnationaler Ebene

Information and communication technologies (ICT) shape our everyday lives both as consumers as well as in the work place. But it is of a rather recent date that ICT also show a more than trivial impact on the political sphere, which is characterized by collective decision-making. Assessing the potential influence of ICT on policies, politics and polities thus is the focus of this paper. ICT are not a set of uniform technologies, but consist of a number of separate technological components which are still evolving. This paper provides a clear conceptual approach in analysing and evaluating the on-going processes of change at the different levels ICT brings about. By applying an evolutionary economics approach, we discuss ICT in regard to its potential with respect to policies, politics and polities. We firstly ask what impact ICT have on policies as the outcome of the policy-making process under given political institutions. Secondly, we analyse what influence ICT have on the policy-making process itself, again assuming given political institutions defining this process. Finally, we also touch the question what impact ICT have on the underlying constitutional institutions defining the polity. We conclude with a summary and an outlook on further research questions.

The Impact of ICT on Policies, Politics, and Polities—An Evolutionary Economics Approach to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)

Banyuwangi is a local government with the total area 94 times the size of the city of Banda Aceh and eight times the size of Jakarta. It consists of 24 districts and 189 Kampong (Villages). Therefore, people who wish to gain local government services have to travel for two to four hours to get it. It is certainly not in line with the modern concept of public service quality; fast and efficient. In order to overcome it, the local Governments perform public service innovation by applying the concept of Smart Kampong, using information technology application. The purpose of this study is to uncover reasons for the selection of the concept (instead of smart city), by linking the unique facts with theories. This innovation aside make public service more accessible, and also open access to a wider market. Keywords—Smart Kampong, public service, innovation, local government, Banyuwangi.

/pdf/public-service-innovation-through-the-application-of-smart-2emr08ryup.pdf

Public Service Innovation Through the Application of Smart Kampong Concept in Local Government Banyuwangi

"Smart Cities" are assumed to be based on smart technology, smart people or smart collaboration, assigning citizens significant roles. Despite increasing "citizen participation" in the discourse, there is very little debate on their socio-political implications. While some argue that ICT will enhance democratic debate and empower citizens [45, 18, 8], others concern about the development of Smart Cities "without critical discussions and 'politics'" [55, 5, 53] and notice the lack of attention for the politics of technical choices. This applies in particular to Smart Cities, since they require citizens to change behaviour according to quantitative targets and technological features. Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) launched its Smart City project in 2010. The government set specific criteria in order to ensure the "participation of all the stakeholders" (among which the citizens) and the "lifestyle innovation" [22]. The paper analyses information provided by semi-structured interviews to stakeholders of Japanese Smart Cities; the tools of citizen involvement proved effective in promoting cooperation and achieving significant outcomes in terms of energy consumption reductions, this involvement has not allowed any political debate about core issues such as Smart City, sustainability, and policies. METI and Japanese Smart Cities risk the potential for social innovation [7]. Research on behaviour change and sustainability also suggests that such situation is likely to hinder more significant shift towards sustainable lifestyles [56, 50]. Drawing on analysis of official documents as well as on interviews with each of the four Smart Communities' stakeholders, the paper explains that very little input is expected from Japanese citizens. Instead, ICTs are used by municipalities and electric utilities to steer project participants and to change their behaviour. The objective of Smart Communities would not be to involve citizens in city governance, but rather to make them participate in the co-production of public services, mainly energy production and distribution.

Citizen co-designed and co-produced smart city: Japanese Smart city projects for "quality of life" and "resilience"

The following article is a brief summary of the international scientific discussion on smart government from 2012 to 2017. The authors scrutinise theoretical aspects of the concept and present examples of their application. They derive their specific understanding of smart government’s key points, highlight research gaps und try to apply their findings to the Swiss case.

/pdf/smart-government-was-macht-eine-smarte-verwaltung-aus-eine-vbogmxiq5i.pdf

Smart Government: Was macht eine smarte Verwaltung aus? Eine Literaturanalyse

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Smart Government: Was macht eine smarte Verwaltung aus? Eine Literaturanalyse