In this paper, a new formula is proposed to improve the accuracy of spot position measurements on an InGaAs quadrant detector (QD). It is obtained by analyzing the relationship between the light spot position and the output signals of the QD and combining the infinite integral method with the Boltzmann method due to their opposite error characteristics. Based on the proposed formula, the measurement accuracy can be improved greatly, which is confirmed by the simulation and experimental results. In addition, it requires fewer parameters compared with the polynomial method when reaching the same accuracy. Thus, the new formula can be practical in applications of spot position measurements.

Improved measurement accuracy of spot position on an InGaAs quadrant detector.

Research progress of laser triangulation on-machine measurement technology for complex surface: A review

Error analysis and correction for color in laser triangulation measurement

On-machine measurement (OMM) is increasingly used to inspect freeform surfaces without unloading the workpiece from the machine tool. Compared to the mechanical probe deployed in many OMM processes, a laser displacement sensor has its advantage of high scanning efficiency. However, the accuracy has been a bottleneck limiting its application in precision inspection, due to the lack of a rigorously planned path. In this work, an error compensation model is established and verified considering laser triangulation error, misalignment from calibration, tooling error, and preevaluated error. Essentially, error modeling contributes to improve the measurement accuracy of laser triangulation OMM (LTOMM). After understanding these errors, a reliable measuring path is crucial to maintain the given accuracy of LTOMM. This path generated is capable of minimizing the measurement time at a given accuracy constraint. In a particular case study, a turbine blade surface was inspected using LTOMM following generated path against a built-in probe. The measurement time was reduced by 77.4% for a constraining accuracy of $\pm 10~\mu \text{m}$ . The time could be further reduced by 38.6%, for a constraining accuracy of $\pm 13~\mu \text{m}$ . This study has demonstrated that LTOMM could potentially replace the on-machine probe during measurement of freeform surfaces, toward more efficient industrial applications in the future.

Error Modeling and Path Planning for Freeform Surfaces by Laser Triangulation On-Machine Measurement

In the system of tracking and detection based on the four-quadrant detector (4-QD), the energy distribution of the incident spot and the blind area of the photosensitive surface will affect the location accuracy. The current model of the spot is based on the ideal circular Gauss spot, which makes the error caused by the spot shape easily ignored. In this paper, the model of the spot energy distribution is improved, which can adapt to the elliptical Gauss distribution. The width of the blind area is also added to the response models of the detector so that the output of each quadrant and the error of the localization algorithm can be calculated more accurately. The simulation results show that the measurement accuracy of 4-QD decreases with the increase of the blind area, the shape, and the inclination of the light spot. In the experiment, we first verify the correctness and practicability of the improved model of the spot energy distribution, and then the improved model is proved to be able to make the response and error calculation more accurate.

Quadrant response model and error analysis of four-quadrant detectors related to the non-uniform spot and blind area.

Investigation of positioning algorithm and method for increasing the linear measurement range for four-quadrant detector

The impact and compensation of tilt factors upon the surface measurement error

For cool 320×240 detector with staring focal plane array, a long wavelenght infrared continuous zoom optical system was presented. The zoom system is composed of seven lenses and two reflectors. The parameters and schematic of the system ware given by using zoom system principle and optical design software. The image quality and narcissus effect of the system ware analyzed. The system with 8~12μm spectral range can realize 40~240 mm range continuous zoom and fulfil 100% cold shield efficiency.The system has the advantages of simple structure, high image quality, easy adjustion, short zoom journey and smooth zoom locus. Keywords- infrared optical system; continuous zoom; optical design

Long Wavelength Infrared Continuous Zoom Optical System

The utility model discloses a color sensitive detector teaching experimental instrument. The color sensitive detector teaching experimental instrument includes a color collector, a core controller and a PC, wherein the color collector is arranged in a sealed box and includes light sources, a color detector and a condensing lens; the periphery of the color detector is closed through a black cylindrical wall; the light sources are distributed at four corners of the black cylindrical wall; after being focused by the condensing lens, light generated by the light sources irradiates an object to be measured; light reflected by the object to be measured passes through the condensing lens and irradiates on the color detector; the color detector converts light signals into electrical signals and outputs the electrical signals; the core controller is connected with the color detector; and the PC is connected with the core controller through a serial port. The color sensitive detector teaching experimental instrument of the utility model has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.

Color sensitive detector teaching experimental instrument

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